| Bill's Linux FAQ | ||
| HOME | ||
| Basic Linux Commands, Tricks | ||
| I am using Mandrake 9.2 currently, KDE 3.1, Linux version 2.4.22-10mdk | ||
| NB Mandrake 9.2 CDs do not include the kernel source, You need to download to make any alterations to your system | ||
| These are some useful commands/tricks I have learned while playing with Linux | ||
| Many thanks to all those who have shared their information, some of which is included here! | ||
| All care taken and most of this works on my Dell Inspiron 2650,
but I can not take any responsibility for you using this information! |
||
| Command | Action | Comment |
| Mandrake Commands | ||
| Drakconf | Mandrake Control Centre | |
| Drakfloppy | Floppy Disk | |
| Diskdrake | Hard Disk |  |
| Menudrake | Mandrake Menu | |
| Rpmdrake | Mandrake RPM Manager | |
| Userdrake | Manage Users | |
| Modem (PCI/IRQ) Commands | ||
| clear | Clear Screen | |
| cd .. | Up one level | 
|
| lspcidrake | List PCI Bus | |
| lspci | List PCI Bus | |
| uname -r | Kernel Name | |
| ls -al | List recent files | |
| ls -l /dev/modem | List Modem details | |
| modprobe | ||
| Rpmdrake | RPM manager | |
| cat /proc/interrupts | Show IRQ Interrupts | |
| lsmod | List Loaded Modules | |
| kppp | ISP Dialer | |
| lspci -v | List PCI Bus IO IRQ | |
| Cal | Displays a calendar | |
| dmesg | Messages | |
| drakconf | Mandrake Control Centre | |
| make uninstall | Uninstall an RPM | |
| lspci -n | List IRQ | |
| tail /var/log/messages | Last Messages from Kernel | |
| /etc/modules.conf | Modules Configuration File | |
| cat /proc/pci | List PCI Bus IO IRQ | |
| updatedb | Update RPM Database | |
| cat /proc/version | Kernel Version | |
| Misc | ||
| ./configure –with-hal=i8xx | PCTel Modem | |
| Start > Settings > Kappfinder | To add to KDE menu | |
| CRTL+ALT+ESC | Kill a Process | |
| / | Root | |
| / | Needed in front of directory normally /etc/lilo.conf | |
| /etc | Directory containing Configuration files | |
| /home/username | Users Home Directory, usually when in root | |
| Make/Install an RPM | 
|
|
| cd to package location | ||
| rpm -i package full name | Unpack RPM | |
| ls to see what you have | List | |
| cd to package directory | ||
| ./configure or ./setup | Initial setup | |
| cd | ||
| ls | ||
| make | Make files | |
| make install | Install | |
| insmod -f pctel | Force into Kernel | |
| insmod -f ptserial | Force into Kernel | |
| General Commands | ||
| CD /Documents | Change directory | |
| mkdir new/DIR | Make Directory | |
| rmdir /home/leftfieldnz/test | Remove Directory | |
| cp | Copy Files | |
| passwd username | passwd username | |
| locate filename | locate filename | |
| mv | Move Files | |
| xkill | Kills a running program | |
| exit | Exits the terminal | |
| reboot | Reboots the system | |
| halt | Shutsdown the computer | |
| poweroff | Shutsdown the computer (works better on mine) | |
| startx | Starts xwindows from terminal (GUI) | |
| man name | Shows help files | |
| info name | Shows help files | |
| --help | Help shows help files | |
| su | Allow you to login as Super User | |
| ls | "Lists" the contents of the directory | |
| pwd | Displays "present working directory" | |
| clear | Clears the terminal window | |
| date | Displays current date and time | |
| cal | Displays a calendar | |
| uptime | Displays time since last reboot | |
| df | Displays the disk usage on partitions | |
| du | Displays disk usage of directory | |
| id | Displays your identification to system | |
| groups | Displays groups of current user | |
| ulimit -a | Displays users limits | |
| uname | Displays name of machine logged into | |
| who | Displays "who" is logged on the system | |
| w | Similar to "who" | |
| rm | Remove file | |
| free | Free Memory | |
| ifconfig | IP/Ethernet Info | From Root |
| chmod 2777 /dir/file | Change Permissions to all on a dir and/or file | |
| mount /dev/sda /mnt/stick | Mount USB Stick | |
| umount /dev/sda /mnt/stick | UnMount USB Stick | |
| route | IP Route | From Root |
| samba stop | Stop Samba | |
| samba start | Start Samba | |
| ping 192.168.0.1 | Ping Server | |
| testpram /etc/samba/smb.conf | Test Samba Configuration | |
| smbpasswd -a bill | Create a Samba Password | |
| adduser username | ||
| CTRL+Z | Kills a running program in terminal | |
| fdisk -l | Disk/Partition information | From Root |
| Login | To login as a different user | |
| su | superuser | To be able to write and apend stuff |
| cat /proc/scsi/scsi | Catalogue SCSI devices | |
| tail -s 3 -f /var/log/messages | View the Kernel Log | |
| lsmod | more | List Modules with more info | 
|
| modprobe usb-storage | ||
| mount /dev/hdc /mnt/cdrom | Mount a Device | |
| umount /mnt/cdrom | Unmount a device | |
| dmesg | Check the messages | |
| chmod 2777 | Change the permissions to all | |
| cd /home/leftfieldnz | Change directory | |
| ls -l | List files with detail | |
| cd | Change to root directory | |
| mkdir /mnt/disc | Make Directory | |
| rm | Remove Directory | |
| cp | Copy Files | |
| kate /etc/fstab | Edit fstab info about the filesystems | Can use your favourite text editor |
| kate /etc/samba.smb.conf | Edit Samba | Network with Windows Machines |
| kate /etc/mtab | ||
| kate /etc/X11/XF86Config | Edit | |
| kate /etc/lilo.conf | Edit boot sequence | /sbin/lilo -v to reset boot |
| aumix | Audio Mixer | |
| kmix | Audio Mixer | |
| modprobe usb-uhci | Probe USB | |
| CTRL+C | End Script | |
| CTRL+ALT+ESC | Kill a Application | |
| more /proc/interrupts | More Info on IRQ | |
| uname -a | Kernel source number | |
| lsmod | grep - usb | ||
| lsmod | grep - scsi | ||
| kate /etc/rc.d/rc.local | ||
| ls /proc/acpi | ACPI power management | |
| Smb: | Mount Windows Network | Usually from Nautilus or similar program |
| file:/mnt/ | Mount point for Drives (HDD, CD, Floppy) | |
| file:/home | Home Directory | Your Files, Documents |
| fdisk -l /dev/usb | Partition information | Use /dev/whatever for your drives |
| /etc/passwd | ||
| clear | Clear Screen | |
| modprobe scsi_mod | ||
| modprobe usb-uhci | ||
| ls -l /dev/stick | ||
| kate /etc/modules.conf | Use Kate Editor to alter Modules Config | Also like Kedit or Emacs if no GUI |
| Emacs /etc/lilo.conf | Non GUI Editor (edit lilo boot) | F10 gives you the menu at bot screen |
| Dmseg | Should give you some info as to what is going on | |
| /usr/bin | Programs Location | |
| SAMBA | Windows Network Tool | |
| testparm /etc/samba/smb.conf | Test Samba Configuration | |
| http://localhost:901/ | To access SWAT Configuration Wizard | |
| smbclient -L yourhostname | ||
| /etc/passwd | Usually from Root with Kate or Emacs editor | |
| /etc/lilo.conf | Kate /etc/lilo.conf | Edit lilo boot from root |
| /etc/samba/smb.conf | ||
| /etc/fstab | information about the filesystems | |
| /etc/X11/XF86Config | X Config | GUI |
| Ln | Create a Symbolic Link | Still getting to grips with this! |
| Have fun! | 
|
|
| Bill Rosoman | ||
| [email protected] | ||
| http://leftfieldnz.topcities.com | ||
| Feb 2004 | ||
| HOME | ||