بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Eid Day

by Irshad Mahmood

Remember: Fasting on the Eid Day is Forbidden. Be Positive and don't do the Great Mistake that I am Right or My Group is Right. After all, I am human being and I may be wrong.

Also the 9th Dhil Hajj is the Global Day of Arafah

Do not fast unless you (UMMAH Globally) sight the crescent, and do not break your fast till you (UMMAH Globally) sight the (following) crescent.” (Al-Bukhari, Vol. 3:130).

Great Thanks to FiqhCouncil of North America on Uniting Muslims on a Very BIG Controversial Issue on Moon Sighting:

http://www.fiqhcouncil.org/articles/Lunar_Calendar.html

From Ramadan 1427 - First of Fasting September 23, 2006, The Fiqh Council of North America after careful research, deliberations and discussion has adopted a new position regarding the determination of the beginning of the Islamic lunar months. The Fiqh Council is not going with the birth of the new Moon only; it is rather going with the possibility of its sighting somewhere within the Western Hemisphere.

Brief Explanation:

A. Discussion of a number of research papers led to the conclusion that the use of calculation both in negation as well as affirmation of the beginning of the new Islamic Lunar months has a firm basis in the Qur’an and Sunnah as well as in the opinion of some classical and contemporary jurists.

B. The new moon (i.e. time of conjunction) is when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun closest to the Sun-Earth line. This time of conjunction is precisely predictable by astronomical calculation.

C. The conjunction before 12:00 GMT would give enough time to the new moon to be visible somewhere on the globe before the end of the night in North America.

MoonSighting: http://www.moonsighting.com

A pre-calculated Global Islamic Calendar could be the same as Fiqh Council calendar on left. If the moon is born before 12:00 UT [Local time at International Date Line (IDL) would be 23:59 or less on the previous day], then the month begins at sunset of that day everywhere in the world. IDL has been accepted as the beginning of every day of the week. All Muslims pray Friday prayers on the day starting at IDL. Islamic Calendar should also follow the same convention of the day.

This moon will be about 18+ hours old at a point just East of IDL at local sunset. This convention has a basis of visibility at a point just East of IDL, and is born before the day begins at just West of International Date Line. If the moon is born after 12:00 UT, then the month begins on the next day's sunset everywhere.

According to U.S. Naval Observatory: http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/islamic.html

The record for an Early Sighting of a Lunar Crescent, with a Telescope, is 12.1 hours after New Moon; for Naked-Eye sightings, the record is 15.5 hours from New Moon.

Calculations need corrections once the correct information of the moon sightings is found any where in the world:

The Width of the Moon will always increase before a full moon at a fixed Ratio and will decrease after a full moon at the same ratio at every second in an Analog way. Its increment and decrement is ANALOG.

If someone sees the Crescent Moon in the east, but no one sees it in the west that could be due to Global Warming, or Global Dimming or other unknown factors. We should not blame the Moon on this issue; instead we should blame ourselves for polluting the environment, which is the main cause for all these issues. Since the whole world got polluted, so another option could be to go higher above all the pollutions on an airplane on the specified days and watch the New Crescent Moon or use one of the cameras on the Satellite for this purpose, record it and put it on the websight.

Not only Global Warming BUT Global Dimming and other unknown factors may be causing difficulty to see the Crescent Moon. Global Dimming was discovered just after 11-SEP-2001, when all the US flights were grounded for three days:

http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article15809.htm

DR DAVID TRAVIS: We found that the change in temperature range during those three days was just over one degrees C. And you have to realize that from a layman's perspective that doesn't sound like much, but from a climate perspective that is huge.

We should not neglect the Eye Witness of those who don't have voices, phones, or other media to communicate with the rest of the world. Remember! On the day of Eid, Fasting is Haraam.

Since Global Dimming is causing Sun Rays, how come it is not affecting the visibility of New Crescent Moon?

In Karachi, Pakistan, it is always difficult to see moon, while in the remote areas of NWFP, Pakistan, specially high on the mountains, it is easy to see the moon sighting. The reason showed by Chairman SUPARCO at a Science Conference in Islamabad, Pakistan. The photograph taken by Satellite at the same time for Karachi and remote area of NWFP, were very helpful to understand. In the photograph of Karachi City the big buildings were not clear due to industrial and traffic and other environmental pollutions, while the photograph of remote area of NWFP was very clear and we were able to see, even a baby goat on that photograph. Naturally in these situations we mostly have confirmed moon sightings from the remote areas.

Things to do for the Unity on Moon Sighting Issue:

It is not one man's work to unite the Ummah; each one of us need to help each other spread information about the New Crescent Moon Sighting Locally as well as Globally, if any one sees it. Someone can become a bridge to inform the rest. There are many Muslims working on the Moon Sighting issue, at least you can inform them. Be an honorable member of the Ummah on this issue and Allah will give you a very good reward, Inshaa Allah. Since the whole world got polluted, so another option could be to go higher above all the pollutions on an airplane on the specified days and watch the New Crescent Moon or use one of the cameras on the Satellite for this purpose, record it and put it on the websight. Not a single Muslim would like to miss any single day of fasting and Not a single Muslim would like to fast on the day of Eid. Below is the information to whom you can inform about moon sightings:

shaukat@moonsighting.com

http://www.moonsighting.com

Eid-ul-Fitr 1426, Mystery-2005 and a BIG Joke for the Ummah:

Allah is one, Rasool Allah is one, Quraan is one - Also - Sun is one, Moon is one and Earth is one.

BUT

Eid was on Wednesday 02-Nov-2005 in Libya.

Eid was on Thursday 03-Nov-2005 in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Palestine, Jordan, Yemen, Algeria, Turkey, Indonesia, Lebanon, Belgium, Austria, Slovakia, Germany, Russia, Ukraine - Iraqi Sunnis celebrate `Eid Al-Fitr on Thursday - Federation of Islamic Organizations says `Eid falls in Europe on Thursday - Iraqi Shiites, Morocco, Yemen, Somalia sight the Shawwal moon on Wednesday.

Eid was on Friday 04-Nov-2005 in North America, according to initial declaration of http://www.moonsighing.com, which is changed later and is on Thursday 03-NOV-2005.

Eid was on Friday 04-Nov-2005 in Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and many other Eastern Countries.

According to moonsighting, The official first day of Shawwal in the USA is divided once more between Ulema Council of North America and Fiqh Council of North America.

Thursday, 3rd Nov, 2005

1. Fiqh Council of North Amrica
2. Most Mosques of Greater Washington/Baltimore Area

Friday, 4th Nov, 2005

1. CFCO
2. Chicago Sunni Muslim Society
3. ICNA Canada
4. Islamic Center of Greater Cincinnati
5. Islamic Foundation of Toronto
6. The Islamic organizations of Sistanig
7. Islamic Education Center of Houston
8. Islamic Education Center of Potomac
9. Majlis as-Shura of Philadelphia
10. North American Ulema Council
11. The Hilal Committee of Greater Toronto Area) - a body representing 71 mosques
12. The Khoei Foundation

According to http://www.icna.org Eid was on Thursday 03-Nov-2005 in North America.

Is this an Eid or a BIG Joke for the Ummah?

http://www.islamonline.net/english/index.shtml

Last Update: Wed., Nov. 2, 2005- Ramadan 30 - 18:45 GMT

Libya celebrates `Eid Al-Fitr on Wednesday - `Eid Al-Fitr falls Thursday in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Palestine, Jordan, Yemen, Algeria, Turkey, Indonesia, Lebanon, Belgium, Austria, Slovakia, Germany, Russia, Ukraine - Iraqi Sunnis celebrate `Eid Al-Fitr on Thursday - Federation of Islamic Organizations says `Eid falls in Europe on Thursday - Iraqi Shiites, Morocco, Yemen, Somalia sight the Shawwal moon on Wednesday.

When US says there will be Lunar Eclipse or Solar Eclipse on such and such days, even after 10 or 20 years and that really happens as well and we accept them, BUT why not for Moon Sightings???

Let us see what US Latest Research says about Moon and Moon Sightings:

http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/islamic.html

The record for an early sighting of a lunar crescent, with a telescope, is 12.1 hours after New Moon; for naked-eye sightings, the record is 15.5 hours from New Moon.

In Karachi, Pakistan, it is always difficult to see moon, while in the remote area of NWFP, Pakistan, specially high on the mountain, it is easy to see the moon sighting. The reason showed by Chairman SUPARCO at a Science Conference in Islamabad, Pakistan. The photograph taken by Satellite at the same time for Karachi and remote area of NWFP, was very helpful to understand. In the photograph of Karachi City the big buildings were not clear due to industrial and traffic and other environmental pollution, while the photograph of remote area of NWFP was very clear and we were able to see, even a baby goat on that photograph. Naturally in this situations we mostly have confirmed moon sightings from the remote areas.

## 2005 Phases of the Moon

#### Universal Time (GMT)

    NEW MOON FIRST QUARTER FULL MOON LAST QUARTER

     d h m d h m d h m d h m

     JAN. 3 17 46
    JAN. 10 12 03 JAN. 17 6 57 JAN. 25 10 32 FEB. 2 7 27
    FEB. 8 22 28 FEB. 16 0 16 FEB. 24 4 54 MAR. 3 17 36
    MAR. 10 9 10 MAR. 17 19 19 MAR. 25 20 58 APR. 2 0 50
    APR. 8 20 32 APR. 16 14 37 APR. 24 10 06 MAY 1 6 24
    MAY 8 8 45 MAY 16 8 56 MAY 23 20 18 MAY 30 11 47
    JUNE 6 21 55 JUNE 15 1 22 JUNE 22 4 14 JUNE 28 18 23
    JULY 6 12 02 JULY 14 15 20 JULY 21 11 00 JULY 28 3 19
    AUG. 5 3 05 AUG. 13 2 38 AUG. 19 17 53 AUG. 26 15 18
    SEPT. 3 18 45 SEPT. 11 11 37 SEPT. 18 2 01 SEPT. 25 6 41
    OCT. 3 10 28 OCT. 10 19 01 OCT. 17 12 14 OCT. 25 1 17
    NOV. 2 1 24 NOV. 9 1 57 NOV. 16 0 57 NOV. 23 22 11
    DEC. 1 15 01 DEC. 8 9 36 DEC. 15 16 15 DEC. 23 19 36
    DEC. 31 3 12

NASA Web sight for Moon Phases from -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 4000 CE)

http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/phase/phasecat.html

NASA Moon Home Page

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/moonpage.html

Moonsighting Web sight

http://www.moonsighting.com

Eid-al-Fitr: The Astronomical New Moon is on Wednesday, November 2, 2005, at 1:25 Universal Time, i.e. November 1, 8:25pm Eastern Standard Time - or 5:25pm Pacific Standard Time. On November 2, the moon would be about 24 hours old on West Coast of USA and still not visible even by telescopes, because the moon will be in Southern Hemisphere. It could be seen in South America (with difficulty by naked eye) and possibly in South Africa (with aided eye - Binocular/telescope). Although it may be possible to see a moon in perfect conditions in some South American countries like Chile, it is highly unlikely, because the moon is setting in less than 25 minutes after the sunset (in Santiago, Chile), and the sky is too bright with the glare of the sun even after 25 minutes. "ISNA accepts sighting within 48 contiguous states of USA and the whole North America is outside all possible visibility curves. So, Eid in North America Eid is expected to be on Friday, November 4, 2005. Similarly, in Europe, Asia, Middle East and Australia, Eid is expected to be on Friday, November 4, 2005, if sighting is the criterion. Visibility curve for November 3 is also given below:

Sidney, Australia Impossible even by telescope

New Delhi, India Impossible even by telescope

Karachi, Pakistan Impossible even by telescope

Makkah,Saudi Arab Impossible even by telescope

London England UK Impossible even by telescope

Miami Florida USA Impossible even by telescope

San Diego CA, USA Impossible even by telescope

Since it is Impossible even by telescope in North America, then why they announced that Eid will be on Thursday?????

Late Night announcement by http://www.moonsighting.com

The Islamic Society of North America, in consultation with the Fiqh Council and astronomy consultants declared that Eid is on Thursday, Nov 3. ............

Eidul Fitr 1426 Announcement: The Islamic Society of North America, in consultation with the Fiqh Council and astronomy consultants declared that Eid is on Thursday, Nov 3.

This is a Critical Issue. We need to remember on the Day of Eid, Fasting is prohibited (Haraam). So we need to understand it with the Love for Allah and with broad mind.

Also the Day of Arafa, 9th of Dhil Hajj at the time of Hajj is to unite the Muslim Ummaah, for only one thing for the Love for Allah alone.

They ask you concerning the new moon (phases of the moon!, for the whole world Globally). Say: They are times appointed for (the benefit of) men, and (for) the pilgrimage; and it is not righteousness that you should enter the houses at their backs, but righteousness is this that one should guard (against evil); and go into the houses by their doors and be careful (of your duty) to Allah, that you may be successful. (Al_Quraan_002.189)

For Hajj are the months well known. If any one undertakes that duty therein, Let there be no obscenity, nor wickedness, nor wrangling in the Hajj. And whatever good ye do, (be sure) Allah knoweth it. And take a provision (With you) for the journey, but the best of provisions is right conduct. So fear Me, o ye that are wise. (Al_Quraan_002.197)

And an announcement (Globally) from Allah and His Messenger to the people (Globally) on the day of the greater pilgrimage (Day of Arafa, 9th Dhil Hajj, Globally) that Allah and His Messenger are free from liability to the idolaters; therefore if you repent, it will be better for you, and if you turn back, then know that you will not weaken Allah; and announce painful punishment to those who disbelieve. (Al_Quraan_009.003)

Eid Prayers to Thank Allah:

The month of Ramadan is that in which the Quraan was revealed, a guidance to men and clear proofs of the guidance and the distinction; therefore whoever of you is present in the month, he shall fast therein, and whoever is sick or upon a journey, then (he shall fast) a (like) number of other days; Allah desires ease for you, and He does not desire for you difficulty, and (He desires) that you should complete the number and that you should exalt the greatness of Allah for His having guided you and that you may give THANKS. (Al_Quraan_002.185)

The prayers of the two 'ids was prescribed in the first year after the migration. It is a sunnah muakkadah as the Prophet (saw) always performed these prayers and he ordered the men and women to go out to attend them.

Remember: There is NO Duhr Salaat if you are offering the Friday Salaat, so skip the Duhr Salaat. the Friday (Jumaa) Salaat consists of the Friday (Jumaa) Speech (Khutba), which is already included in the Eid Prayers with much bigger gathering and entire town may join together, so this is count as the Friday (Jumaa) Salaat, so it is optional to offer an additional the Friday (Juma ) Salaat on the Eid Day, Duhr Salaat will be enough instead of the Friday Salaat. BUT if you are offering in the Masjid, then you must have to offer the Friday (Juma) Salaat, specially if the Masjid is near to your place and it is reachable, where you often go for the Friday (Juma) Salaat, You Should go for the Friday (Juma) Salaat.

O ye (Men and Women) who believe! When the call is proclaimed to prayer on Friday (the Day of Assembly), haste unto remembrance of Allah and leave your trading (business). That is better for you (Men and Women) if ye (Men and Women) did but know. And when the prayer is ended, then disperse in the land and seek of Allah's bounty, and remember Allah much, that ye (Men and Women) may be successful. (Al_Quraan_062.009-010)

Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 7.479 Narrated byAbu Ubai
Then I witnessed the 'Id with 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and that was on a Friday. He offered the prayer before the sermon, saying, "O people! Today you have two 'Ida (festivals) together, so whoever of those who live at Al-'Awali (suburbs) would like to wait for the Jumua prayer, he may wait, and whoever would like to return (home) is granted my permission to do so." Then I witnessed (the 'Ida) with 'Ali bin Abi Talib, and he too offered the 'Id prayer before the sermon and then delivered the sermon before the people and said, "Allah's Apostle has forbidden you to eat the meat of your sacrifices for more than three days."

Al-Tirmidhi Hadeeth 1398 Narrated byUbayd ibn as-Sabbaq ; Abdullah ibn Abbas Ubayd told in mursal form that Allah`s Messenger (peace be upon him) said one Friday, "Company of Muslims, this is a day which Allah has appointed as a festival, so bathe, and if anyone has perfume it does him no harm to apply some of it; and you should use the tooth-stick." Malik transmitted it. Ibn Majah transmitted it from him, and it is fully connected form Ibn Abbas.

Sunan of Abu-DawoodHadith 1065 Narrated byZayd ibn Arqam
Ilyas ibn AbuRamlah ash-Shami said: I witnessed Mu'awiyah ibn AbuSufyan asking Zayd ibn Arqam: Did you offer along with the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) the Friday and 'Id prayers synchronized on the same day? He said: Yes. He asked: How did he do? He replied: He offered the 'Id prayer, then granted concession to offer the Friday prayer, and said: If anyone wants to offer it, he may offer.
Sunan of Abu-DawoodHadith 1066 Narrated byAbdullah ibn Abbas
Ata' ibn AbuRabah said: Ibn az-Zubayr led us in the 'Id prayer on Friday early in the morning. When we went to offer the Friday, he did not come out to us. So we prayed ourselves alone. At that time Ibn Abbas was present in at-Ta'if. When he came to us, we mentioned this (incident) to him. He said: He followed the sunnah.
Sunan of Abu-DawoodHadith 1068 Narrated byAbuHurayrah
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Two festivals ('Id and Friday) have synchronized on this day. If anyone does not want to offer the Friday prayer, the 'Id prayer is sufficient for him. But we shall offer the Friday prayer.

Here is what the Prophet use to do on the day of Eid (Sunnah), May Allah's peace and blessings be upon him:

Ø To rise early in the morning.

Ø Take a full bath.

Ø Clean the teeth.

Ø Wear the best cloths that he had.

Ø Wear perfume.

Ø To eat something sweet like dates before leaving home on Eid-ul-Fitr.

Ø For Eid-ul-Adha, he used to eat after come home from the Eid Prayer.

Ø Go to the Eid prayer location very early. (The Prophet use to offer Eid prayer in the central location, that is not to offer it in a Masjid of a locality without any legitimate excuse).

Ø The Prophet used to go to the Eid Prayer location by one route and will return through another route.

Ø He used to go for Eid on foot.

Ø He used to chant slowly on Eid-ul-Fitr and little loudly on Eid-ul-Adha the way to the Eid prayer location the following words: “Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Laa ilaaha illallahu Wallahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Wa lillahil Hamd." (Translation: Allah is the greatest, He is the greatest. There is no god except Allah. He is the greatest. All praises and thanks are for Him)

Ø For Eid-ul-Fitr, the Prophet used to give Sadqa-e-Fitr (zakatul fitr) before the Eid day. But if you have not done so please give now before the Eid. (Giving just before Eid is fine, but it is against the spirit and the purpose of it. Ask your local Masjid about how much and where to pray)

Method of Eid prayers:

Ø Eid prayer consists of two units of prayer (Rakas) with six Takbeers (the raising of the hands while saying Allahu Akbar [God is the Greatest]) in congregation, followed by the Khutba (sermon) of Eid.

Ø Follow the Imam by raising both hands up to the ears, say Allahu Akbar, this is the first Takbeer to enter in the Salaat.

Ø Then fold your hands in the front and recite the ‘Sanaa', ("subhaanakallahumma"). Till the end and then say Allahu Akbar six times, following your imam, each time raising both hands up to the ears and fold it again. After each takbeer there is going to be a slight pause in which Subhanallah may be recited thrice.

Ø After the sixth Takbeer and listen to the imam reciting Aoozubillah, Bismillah, Surah Fateha and some other Surah and then perform Ruku (bowing) as Imam says Allahu Akbar and then go to Sajdah (prostration) as usual following your Imam's Takbeer.

Ø In the second Raka, the Imam will first recite Surah Fateha and some other Surah. Then he will say six Takbeers after it. In all of these six Takbeers hands will be folded. And then go into the Ruku just after the sixth takbeer.

Ø Listening to the Khutbah after the Eid Salaat is Waajib (obligatory).

Duaa on Eid-ul-Fitr:

Ø O Allah! Accept our broken, weak efforts in this Auspicious month of Ramadaan. O Allah! Accept our fasting, ruku, sujood, zikr, Quraan tilaawah, taraweeh and all our ibaadahs in this month of Ramadaan. It is only through Your Mercy that we were able to pass through this month and yet we have not fulfilled it's right. We have erred and have not taken the maximum benefit from the auspiciousness of this month. O Most Merciful of those who show Mercy! We beg You to accept us in our weaknesses and shower us the opportunity to start afresh with renewed Emaan, Ikhlaas and taqwa. We leave this month with sadness, but only to beg of You to afford us the opportunity to see the next Ramadaan with more zeal to become conscious of You, to be become more obedient to You and to attain Your eternal Pleasure. Ameen.

Duaa on Eid-ul-ADha:

Ø O Allah! Accept our broken, weak efforts in the Sacrifice. O Allah! Accept our ruku, sujood, zikr, Quraan tilaawah and all our ibaadahs in our life. O Allah accept our Hajj, who have performed this time and give the opportunity to others in the future soon, who still are not able to do so. O Most Merciful of those who show Mercy! We beg You to accept us in our weaknesses and shower us the opportunity to start afresh with renewed Emaan, Ikhlaas and taqwa. O Allah! Unite all Muslims. Ameen.

While Slaughtering the Animal on Eid-ul-Adha:

I have turned to the one who is the Creator of the skies and the earth. I follow the same path, followed by Prophet Ibraheem (pbuh) and I am not among those who share others with Almighty. My prayers and my sacrifice, my life and my death, every thing is devoted to Allah – the Sustainer of the world – Who has no associate. This is what I have been ordered and I am among the obedient subordinates of Allah. O Allah! This belongs to You and is being presented to You, in the name of Allah, Who is Great.

Sacrifice the Cattle where you live, BUT if you can afford to sacrifice additional cattle then all additional sacrifice can be done at other places like in the third world to help the needy. You cannot share the meat from the sacrificed cattle if you send all in the third world:

That they may witness the benefits (provided) for them, and celebrate the name of Allah, through the Days appointed, over the cattle which He has provided for them (for sacrifice): then eat ye thereof and feed the distressed ones in want. (Al_Quraan_022:028)

Your comments are welcome....noor.e.islaam@gmail.com

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