55BC - Julia Caesar lands near dover. defeated by British. 54BC - Caesar lands second assault. Defeats British.
7AD - King of the Catuvellaunians, captures Colchester for his Capital. He was Known as CYMBELINE in Shakespeare's play.
36AD "The twelve hides of Glaston", were twelve parcels of land at Glaston given to Joseph of Aremethea and his followers. It was at the time called YNISWYTRYN or the Glassy Island.(meaning blue colored)Joseph was said to have built the 1st oratory in England.(?) It was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. This was later the site of Avalon (the isle of apples) also after British chief who had his residence here. SEE '1434AD.�
Two sons. His conquest of the Trinovantes (of Essex) made him the wealthiest and most powerful ruler in SE ENG.
Known tribes in South Britain;
ATRIBATES=SILCHESTER DUROTRIGES=MAIDEN CASTLE. ICENI=EAST ANGLIA SILURES=SOUTH WALES ORDOVICES=NORTH WALES BRIGANTES=(?) CARACTACUS (ARATACUS)? = 50 AD
(1) - COLONIA = a town inhabited by Roman veteran soldiers whose primary business was garrison duty and to form a centre from which Roman civilization would spread out in the region around.
43 AD =AULUS PLAUTIUS. : Commander -in-Chief of the present Emperor Claudius of Rome, landed on the Kentish coast near Sandwich (at Richborough),crushed the two sons of Cunobelinus and marched on to Medway, where the Britons had gathered. Vespasian was commanding one of the legions.
=After a two day battle the Britons retreated across the Thames. The Romans crossed at a bridge near London.
=The Britons retreated up the Thames Valley to the stronghold of CAMULODUN, in the COLNE VALLEY near present day Colchester. The Romans came up against them here and Claudius was sent for. He received the submission of many British tribes here.
=CAMULODUN became the capital for a Roman provence. A new city was laid out on a hill nearby. It was first called COLONIA CLAUDIA VICTRICENSIS, then CAMULODUNUM, then COLCHESTER. A great temple was built in the middle of this city *over the ruins of the Roman Temple a huge Norman castle was built. In WWII the vaults or underground foundations were used as an AIR RAID shelter.
=Vespasian conquered the British stronghold of Maiden Castle at Dorchester after a fierce battle.
=Plautius became Governor of the new Roman Provence.
45AD = The Isle of Wight(Vectus or Vecto) in the reign of Claudius and kept it till 49AD
=Isle of Wight reduced by Vespasion. Britons had a fort here. Repaired by the Romans.
47AD =OSTORIUS SCAPULA succeeded Plautius as Governor. He made CAMULODUNUM a colonia.
=CARACTACUS fled to the Brigantes, who�s Queen was Pro-Roman. She handed him over to them and he ended his days in honourable captivity in Rome
CASSIUS DIO (c150 -235) described her as having a mane of bright red hair, a rough voice, huge frame, and the notoriety of having put men to shame.
Her husband, Prasutagus, King of the Iceni, in order to preserve his kingdom and household from attack had made the emperor of Rome co-heir with his two daughters.
The Trinobantes tribe and others rebelled with Boadicea. Suetonius fought her with 10,000 Roman regulars and auxiliaries. The Britons were annihilated, including all women and baggage animals. 80,000 Britons fell,(Tacitus). Boadicea took Poison. (61A.D.)
(1988AD Feb. 22. (Daily Telegraph) her grave was located by Archeologists, They believe that it is under platform eight, at king�s Cross Station in London.)
43AD= CLAUDIUS INVADES BRITAIN.
CARTIMANDUA=Pro-Roman queen of the Brigantes of Yorkshire and Northumbria. Rescued by the Romans when her husband Venutius toppled her from power.
59AD =Suetonius Paulinus replaces Ostorius as Governor of Roman Briton.
61AD = Under Boudicca, the Iceni and Trinovantes revolted against the Romans and burnt to the ground Camulodunum, and massacred its Roman Inhabitants.
=The Roman Procurator was Decianus Catus, a greedy, brutal man. He demanded more tribute after the death of the Iceni King, his Queen was flogged and her daughters raped by Roman Officials.
=Boudicca razed Colchester then turned on the 9th Legion when it arrived to relieve Colchester, and destroyed everything but the cavalry and Cerialis, the Commander.
=Paulinus, when he heard rushed across Britain with the Cavalry of the 14th and 20th legions. He left their infantry to follow. The commander of the 2nd legion never came as he considered discretion the better part of Valour.
=Boudicca swept down on London and Burnt it to the ground. She then pursued Paulinus to Verulamium. She burnt that town also. It is estimated that 70,000 people were killed in these three towns she burnt.
=Paulinus overcame her army and rather than fall into enemy hands Boudicca took poison. Paulinus then went on a killing rampage of all Britons.
=The hamlet of ISELDON in the forest of Middlesex was a british settlement before the Romans came.
GAIUS JULIUS ALPINUS CLASSICANUS
62AD =He was the Procurator(tax collector) who succeeded Decianus Catus who escaped to Rome and was responsible for Boudicca�s revolt. He championed the British people against Paulinus, who was bent on revenge. Gaius sent messengers to Emperor Nero at Rome to send a more humane governor. Paulinus was recalled and his successor was ordered to show more leniency.
78AD= AGRICOLA -Provincial Governor of Britain. 79AD England and Wales under Roman Rule.
180AD =GLASTONBURY ABBY site; king Lucius is claimed to have requested of the 12th Bishop of Rome; Eleutherius, missionaries to keep Christianity alive. Eleutherius sent two men. They built an oratory on the summit of the hill now called Tor. Dedicated to Michael the Archangel.
?no date yet= Iseldon became a Roman camp
=Greenwich was called by the Romans GRENOVICUM
300AD = Tilbury fort; in the parish of West Tilbury, an ancient town in Essex, opposite to Gravesend. Here the four Roman Proconsular ways crossed each other.
190AD= King LUCIUS, said to be the 1st Christian king in any country. Obtained his knowledge of Christ from relatives in Britain and Rome. His relatives were in the religion. He applied to Saint Eleutherius, (Bishop of Rome). Two teachers, Fugatius and Duvionus were sent. KING LUCIUS and all his subjects were baptized by them. He then founded 28 church�s in all the �large towns�. He built the Cathedral of Winchester. British tributary Prince, Church was destroyed by the Romans.
305AD =CONSTANTIUS CHLORIS succeeded Maximian and became Emperor of the West. 1st act was to put an end to the trials of the Christians who emerged from hiding and resumed normal life.
312AD= Winchester Cathedral was rebuilt but not as grand.
375AD= GURGUNSTAS; founded the site of Porchester Castle at this time. He was the son of Beline. Its British name was CAER PERIS. In Roman times the harbor of Portsmouth was called �Portus Magnus'. Vespasion landed here on his first arrival. He conquered the Isle of Wight.
380 AD= Maximus, Roman commander took the 1st decisive steps towards the evacuation of Britain, by carrying with him into Gaul the Roman legions stationed in the Country, and with them the, "flower of the British youth." to support his claim to the Imperial Purple.
439AD= GLASTONBURY ABBY. St. Patrich was supposed to have visited and repaired two chapels. Became first Abbot.
444AD=(?)Roman Bath extended 12,000 ft in length, 1150ft in breadth, and was surrounded by a wall 9ft thick and 20 ft high.
495AD= CERDIC, founder of West Saxon Kingdom, swept down upon Hampshire with a force of Norsmen, succeeded at once in gaining a foothold in the country, and in a few years defeated the British and captured Winchester with great slaughter, profaned the church and turned it into a heathen Temple.
530AD= St. David, Archbishop of Menevia, journeyed to Avalon and extended large sums to add to Glastonbury. St. David was uncle of King Arthur who, in 543A.D. having been mortaly wounded in the rebellion of his cousin Murdred, at the battle of Camlon, was carried to this Abbey and buried here. See HenryII (Geraldus Cambrensis was supposed to be an eyewitness).
230AD GWRALDIG= A prince who ruled in Brecknock. His daughter married TEITHOL who succeeded him by right of marriage in= 260AD TEITHOL son TREIDHEIRN
342AD TEIDWALLT ruled in 342AD after he usurped the Government. His son=
380AD=TEWDRIG or TUDOR=was his successor. He had a daughter named Marchell or Marcella. She married Auloch, son of the King of Ireland. Their son was Brychan who ruled (see 500A.D.) The family of Brychan was denominated one of the three holy families of Britain because he brought up his family in learning to show the faith in Christ to the Cymry when they were without faith. His principality was divided between his two sons CLEDWYN and RHAIN.
500AD BRYCHAN A prince who ruled in Brecknock or Brecon, wales.
542AD BUBONIC PLAGUE - ALL EUROPE AND BRITISH ISLE.
573AD Battle of ARDERYDD between sons of Elifer and Gwenddolan
577AD CEALWIN Victory over the British at Dyrham. (North of Bath)
689AD The death of King CADWALLADER in Rome.
790 - 834 AD CAEDWALLA and EDWIN of Northumbrea grew up together as boys and became fierce rivals. He had a nephew named Brian. CADWALLA was a christian but he made common cause with the pagan king Penda of Mercia and at the battle of heathfield in 833A.D. killed Edwin and his son Osfrith, breaking up the kingdom of Northumbria.
834AD CAEDWALLA was killed in the battle of Edwins nephew Oswald, who planted a cross on the field with his own hands to inspire his much smaller force- which it did.
HENGIST =454-488AD ESCUS =488-512AD OCTA =512-542AD HERMANRIC =542-560AD ETHELBERT =560-616AD EADBALD =616-640AD ERCOMBERT =640-664AD EGBERT =664-673AD LOTHAR =673-685AD UNKNOWN =685-694AD WIHTRED =694-725AD EADBERT =725-748AD BRO =748-760AD ALRIC =760-794AD ETHELWULF (SUB-KING) CUTHRED =794-805AD BALDRID =805-823AD SUB-KING =823-826=7AD
St. Pauls site; He built a Cathedral here. He gave to the church the estate of Tillingham, Essex. (Saxon temple found on site) Married Bertha, a Merovingian princess born to Charibert and Ingoberg. Charibert was one of four sons born to Chlotar (d. 561) His brother was Sigibert, husband of BRUNHILD.
597AD = ST. AUGUSTINE reached Kent. From the Isle of Thanet he sought an interview with the king. Ethelbert when he arrived a few days later would not meet him in a house in case he was a practiser of the magical arts. (Bede; A History of the English Church and people.)
627AD = Converted to Christianity by Paulinus, who was sent by Gregory to assist Augustine. The story of the Pope seeing the golden haired English boys in the slave markets at Rome and asking who they were, was told they were Angles, the Pope said, �Not Angles but Angels."
It was said of Edwins time that a women could carry her new-born babe from sea to sea without fear of harm. And such was the King�s concern about his people that in a number of places where he had seen clear springs near highways, he ordered posts to be erected with brass bowls hanging from them so that people could drink and refresh themselves. So great was the respect and awe of him that no one presumed to use them for any other purpose. His dignity was always respected throughout his realm, and in war or peace his standard was borne before him.
Edwin of Northumbria was a rival of Caedwalla, circa (790-834), was killed by him in 833AD along with his son osfrith. (One of these is wrong, Edwins nephew killed CADWALLA in 834?) answer; =that was CADWALLADER in 834AD
755AD= OFFA put to flight the king of Mercia and ruled for 39 years. Descended from WOTON.; = He defeated the men of Kent in Battle, also those of Wessex and Northumbria. = He transferred the bones of St. Alban to a monastery that he built.
785 AD = Thorney Island (Westminster site), granted a charter here. "Overgrown with thorns, and environed with water." =Offa minted a gold coin copied from the Arab Dinar and his ministers thought the words in the coin were just pretty designs. As a result this Christian kings coins had on them,="There is no God but one, and Mahomet is his prophet."
787AD =He gave to the Vicar of St. Peter.(Pope) a fixed payment from every house in the land. Dated from the Synod of 787. Origen of �Peters Pence.� = Mathew Paris credits Offa with the actual Pence which he said he used to endow the English school in Rome and levied on all house property in England except St. Albans. = He built �Offa�s Dyke� from the mouth of the Wye to the mouth of the Dee, to repel raids from Wales.
787AD KING OFFA�S daughter Eadburg married Brihtric (Beartric) king of WESSEX. In his time, Danish pirates came to England with three ships. These were the 1st Danes who landed in England (Florence of Worcester, 12th Century)
ELLA =491-514AD CISSA =514-585AD DEPENDANT ON WESSEX =585-648AD EDILWALD =648-686AD AUTHUN =686-705AD BERTHUN =705-740AD
CERDIC =519-534AD KENRIC =534-559AD CEAWLIN (CEALWIN)=559-591AD CEDILRIC =591-597AD CYNEGILS =597-614AD CWICHELM =614-643AD CENWALL =643-672AD TWO RULERS UNKNOWN =672-674AD CENTWINE =674-688AD INAS =688-728AD (726)?
ETHELARD=728-740AD CUTHRED =740-754AD KENWOLF =754-784AD BERTRIC =784-800AD (BEORHTRIC,BRIHTRIC) EGBERT =800-837AD
787AD BEARTRIC 784-800AD m EADBURG (Daughter of OFFA , King of the Mercians.)
787AD=Married Eadburg, daughter of Offa, King of the Mercians. 793AD=Fiery dragons were seen in the sky�s over England.
CRIDA =586-593AD WIBBA =593-615AD CEORL =615-626AD PENDA =626-655AD WULFHERE =655-675AD ETHELRED =675-704AD CELREB =704-716AD ETHBALD =716-755AD OFFA =755-792AD KENULF =792-820AD BEORNWULF=820-827AD ? =827-829AD EGBERT =829-838AD ? BURHRED =852-874AD DANES =874 =UNDER CEOLWULF
820AD BEORNWULF = MERCIA Led an army against the East Anglians and was defeated and killed by them in 827AD The Anglians had gone over to Egbert.
ERCHWINE =530-587AD SLEDDA =587-597AD SABERT (SEBERT) =597-614AD SAXRED =614-623AD SIGEBERT II =623-655AD = Also king of Austroasia(638-56AD) UNKNOWN =655-661AD UNKNOWN =661-663AD SUENFRID =663-693AD OFFA =693-709AD SELRED =709-738AD SWITHRED =738-790AD UNKNOWN =790-799AD SIGERED =799-823AD EGBERT =823-838AD
597AD SABERT (SEBERT) Embraced Christianity and was baptized by Millitus, Bishop of London. He pulled down a pagan temple at Thorny Island and founded a church to the honour of St. Peter before 616 A.D.
620 AD Tilbury fort; the see of Bishop CEADDA or St. CHAD who converted the East Saxons.
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Last modified on July 14th,2005
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