A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE) OR What do they call that in this world? | ||||
Contributions and corrections gratefully accepted.
Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too! | ||||
hardware, firmware, devices | disks | kernel, boot, swap | files, volumes | |
networking | security, backup | software, patching, tracing, logging | references |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
OS notes | By IBM, with input from System V, BSD, etc. etc. Runs mainly on IBM RS/6000 and related hardware. | The Open Source foundation for Mac OS X, descended from NeXTStep | Data General was aquired by EMC in 1999. | Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. | Hewlett-Packard. | SGI. SVR4-based | (rh) = Red
Hat, Mandrake, Suse,... (deb) = Debian, Libranet,... (mand) = Mandrake (SuSE) = SuSE |
aka MP-RAS | Derived from 4.4BSD-Lite and 386BSD. This table does not include external packages from /usr/pkg. | Forked from NetBSD in 1995. Security emphasis. This table does not include external packages from /usr/ports. | Fujitsu Siemens. Based on DC/OSX from Pyramid, SINIX
from Siemens, and SVR4. To be replaced with Solaris by 2008. |
SCO UnixWare 7.0.1& SCO UnixWare 7.1.1 became Caldera Open Unix and later became SCO again. | Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9 (SunOS 5.*) SVR4-based |
Solaris 1.* BSD-based |
(Digital Unix, OSF/1) (4)= 4.0F/G (5)= 5.0A |
An early DEC Unix, superceded by Digital Unix (now Tru64). | Cray Inc., formed from the March 2000 merger of Tera Computer Company and Cray Research | OS notes |
administrative GUI | smit smitty wsm |
Aqua: System Preferences, NetInfo Manager | sysadm | /stand/sysinstall | sam | /usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr
(6.3+) toolchest /usr/Cadmin/bin/* |
(rh) redhat-config* linuxconf (obsolete) (SuSE) yast2 (deb) dpkg-reconfigure (mand) drakconf |
sysadm | sushi | ? |
sysadm |
scoadmin |
solstice |
? | checklist (5) sysman |
? | checklist /etc/install/install xmenu |
administrative GUI |
managing users | lsuser mkuser chuser rmuser |
Aqua: System Preferences / Accounts niutil |
useradd userdel |
adduser rmuser pw vipw |
useradd userdel usermod |
/usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople |
useradd |
useradd userdel usermod sysadm |
useradd userdel userinfo usermod user |
useradd userdel adduser (interactive) |
sysadm useradd userdel |
scoadmin useradd userdel |
useradd userdel usermod /usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+) |
edit /etc/passwd and create home directory |
useradd |
adduser removeuser |
xadmin udbgen udbrstrict nu scripts |
managing users |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
list hardware configuration |
prtconf lscfg lsattr lsdev |
ioreg -bls system_profiler |
dg_sysreport -g hardware | dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot pciconf -l |
ioscan |
hinv |
dmesg (if you're lucky) |
prtconf devstat machinetype more /etc/.osm |
dmesg more /var/run/dmesg.boot cat /kern/msgbuf |
dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot |
autoconf -l |
hwconfig /usr/lib/X11/testtools/ |
prtconf -v |
dmesg (if you're lucky) |
dia -R full |
? |
machid |
list hardware configuration |
show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values |
bootlist -o -m normal |
nvram | dg_sysctl | grep BOOTPATH |
? | setboot stm |
nvram printenv/setenv (at command monitor) |
/dev/nvram (if you have
it) hwclock nvsetenv |
eeprom | openprom
(on OpenFirmware architectures) |
in bdm (at boot stop or ctrl-a) |
? | eeprom | eeprom | (4.0D+) consvar | ? | ? | show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values | |
add device without reboot | cfgmgr -v | (automatic — autdodiskmounter) | N/A | camcontrol atacontrol kldload |
ioscan -fnCdevtype; |
scsiha -pr ioconfig -f /hw scsiadminswap -b bus -p |
modprobe kerneld insmod hotplug cardctl |
devmgmt mktable |
scsictl atactl |
? | reinitdev changedev |
mkdev | devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99,
use: drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports} |
MKDEV |
(3.2.*) scu scan edt |
? | ? | add device without reboot |
tape device | /dev/rmt0 | ? | /dev/rmt/0 | /dev/rsa0 | /dev/rmt/0m | /dev/tape /dev/nrtape |
/dev/st0 | /dev/rmt/c* | /dev/st0 | /dev/st0 | /dev/ios0/rstape001 autoconf -1 | grep TAPE |
/dev/rct0 | /dev/rmt/0 | /dev/rst0 | (5.x) /dev/ntape /dev/tape | /dev/nrmtXh where n=non-rewinding, X a number, h=density | tpmnt | tape device |
X kvm config | ? | ? | ? | xf86config | itemap | ? | xf86config XFree86 -configure redhat-config-xfree86 /etc/X11/?dm |
? | ? | ? | hwconfig | kdmconfig (x86) fbconfig; m64config; (etc.) |
? | ? | ? | ? | X kvm config | |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
read a disk label | lspv -l | pdisk rawDev -dump Disk Utility |
admpdisk -o list admvdisk -o list |
disklabel -r | diskinfo pvdisplay |
prtvtoc | fdisk -l | prtvtoc | disklabel -r disk mbrlabel |
fdisk -r OR disklabel -rl | dkpart -l | fsname | prtvtoc | dkinfo | disklabel -r | chpt -q | ? | read a disk label |
whole disk in partition | N/A | (non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes) | ? | c | ? | 10 | ? | s0 | c or d sysctl kern.rawpartition |
c | /dev/ios0/rsdisk???s7 (???=000-999) |
/dev/1s# (#=0,1,...) | 2 | c | c | c | ? | whole disk in partition |
label a disk | mkvg | (labels unused) | admpdisk | fdisk disklabel -wr sysinstall |
pvcreate |
dvhtool |
cfdisk fdisk e2label |
sysadm |
disklabel -wr mbrlabel |
disklabel -wr | dksetup | ? | format prtvtoc |
format | disklabel -rw | chpt -a | /etc/labelit | label a disk |
partition a disk | mklv | pdisk | admpdisk | fdisk sysinstall |
lvcreate sam |
fx | parted (if you have
it) fdisk pdisk (on a MAC) (deb) mac-fdisk (on a MAC) (mand) diskdrake |
fdisk | disklabel -i | fdisk -e OR disklabel -E | dkpart -e | ? | format fmthard |
format | disklabel -e | chpt -p | /etc/install/install | partition a disk |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
kernel | /unix | /mach_kernel | /dgux | /kernel /boot/kernel/kernel |
/hpux (9) /stand/vmunix (10+) |
/unix |
/boot/vmlinuz* (see /etc/lilo.conf or /boot/grub/menu.lst) |
/unix /stand/unix |
/netbsd | /bsd |
/unix /stand/unix |
/unix | /kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) |
/vmunix | /vmunix | /vmunix | /unicos | kernel |
show/set kernel parameters | /usr/samples/kernel/vmtune (installed with the bos adt.samples fileset) /usr/sbin/no (network-related) |
/usr/sbin/sysctl | vi
/var/Build/ system.hostname;; reboot |
/boot/kernel.conf |
sam sysdef kmtune (11+) getconf |
systune | /proc/* /proc/sys/* sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf |
sysdef getconf /etc/conf/cf.d/ quicktune.cfg |
sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf |
sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf |
idtune cat /etc/opt/cf.d/stune cat /etc/opt/cf.d/mtune sysdef -i |
/etc/conf/cf.d/configure -x |
sysdef |
adb /usr/kvm/sys/ |
dxkerneltuner sysconfig |
adb kdb |
? | show/set kernel parameters |
make disk bootable | bosboot -a | bless | dg_sysctl | boot0cfg disklabel |
mkboot | dvhtool |
(rh) mkbootdisk |
dklayout | fdisk -i installboot |
? | dksetup | ? | installboot /usr/platform/ `uname -m` /lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file |
/usr/kvm/mdec installboot [-hltv] protobootblk bootdevice |
(4.x+) disklabel -rw -t [ufs|advfs] | ? | ? | make disk bootable |
startup scripts | /etc/rc* | /System/Library/ StartupItems/*, /Library/StartupItems/, /etc/rc* |
/etc/rc* | /etc/rc* /usr/local/etc/rc.d/ |
/etc/rc* (9) |
/etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ |
/etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/ |
/etc/rc* |
/etc/rc* |
/etc/rc* |
/etc/rc* | /etc/rc* | /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ |
/etc/rc* | /sbin/init.d; links in /sbin/rc?.d | /etc/rc* | ? | startup scripts |
run levels 1 *=normal states for more detail see www.phildev.net/runlevels.html |
2: multiuser 6: reboot |
? | ? | -1*: permanently insecure 0: insecure 1: secure 2: highly secure 3: network secure |
0: shut down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser 3*: share NFS 4*: start GUI 5: user-defined 6: user-defined |
0: power-down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser (no NFS) 3*: multiuser 4: user-defined 5: firmware monitor |
(set in /etc/inittab) 0: halt s,S,1: vendor-dependent 1: single-user 2-5*: multiuser 6: reboot |
(set in /etc/inittab) 0: shutdown s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2*: multi-user 3: share NFS 4: user-defined 5: firmware 6: reboot |
-1: permanently insecure 0*: insecure 1*: secure 2: highly secure |
-1: permanently insecure 0*: insecure 1*: secure 2: highly secure |
0: power-down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2*: multiuser 3+4*: user-defined 5: firmware update 6: reboot |
? |
0: firmware monitor |
? | 0: shut down 1: single user 2: multi-user, no NFS 3: multi-user 6: reboot |
0: shut down 1: single user 2: multi-user, no NFS 3: multi-user 6: reboot |
? |
run levels 1 |
show runlevel 1 | who -r | (runlevels unused) | who -r | sysctl kern.securelevel | who -r | who -r | /sbin/runlevel | who -r | sysctl kern.securelevel | sysctl kern.securelevel | who -r | who -r | who -r | ? | who -r | ? | who -r | show runlevel 1 |
time zone info | /etc/environment ($TZ) | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | ? | /etc/localtime /usr/share/zoneinfo |
/usr/lib/tztab | /usr/lib/locale/TZ/ | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | /usr/lib/locale/TZ | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /etc/localtime |
? | ? | /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ | ? | ? | ? | ? | time zone info |
check swap space | lsps -a | ls -l /var/vm vm_stat |
admswap -o list -buv dg_sysreport -p freeswap systat -swap |
swapinfo pstat -s |
swapinfo | swap -s swap -l |
swapon -s cat /proc/meminfo cat /proc/swaps free |
swap -s swap -l sar -r |
swapctl -l | swapctl | swap -s swap -l |
swap -l | swap -s swap -l |
pstat -s | swapon -s | ? | /etc/swapper | check swap space |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
"normal" filesystem | jfs | ufs hfs+ |
dg/ux | ufs |
hfs |
efs, xfs | ext2 ext3 ReiserFS |
vxfs | ffs (was ufs) | ffs (was ufs) | vxfs ufs (root) |
htfs | ufs | 4.2 |
(4) ufs |
ufs | NC1FS C2FS |
"normal" filesystem |
volume-based filesystem | jfs | ? | ? | ccd vinum |
jfs (vxfs) LVM VxVM ($) |
xlv, xvm, xfs | LVM, LVM2 EVMS VxVM ($) |
vdisk VxVM |
ccd, raidframe |
ccd raid |
vdisk | vdisk | Solstice DiskSuite VxVM ($) |
? | Advfs LSM |
N/A | ? | volume-based filesystem |
file
system description |
/etc/filesystems | NetInfo | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/checklist (9) /etc/fstab (10+) |
/etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/vfstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/vfstab /etc/dktab |
/etc/mnttab |
/etc/vfstab (local) | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab AdvFS: /etc/fdmns |
/etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | file
system description |
volume manipulation |
smitty vg |
Disk Utility / pdisk | sysadm | vinum ccdconfig |
vg*; lv*; pv* extendfs fsadm |
xlv_mgr |
e2fsadm lvcreate lvremove lvextend |
vxva | ccdconfig raidctl |
ccdconfig raidctl |
dkconfig dkmirror dkmap |
? |
meta* /opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva |
? | AdvFS: mkfdmn, mkfset, addvol,
showfdmn LSM: volassist or volmake, volume, volplex and volsd, volprint |
? | /etc/install/install | volume manipulation |
create filesystem | crfs | newfs newfs_hfs newfs_mdos |
admfilesystem | newfs | mkfs newfs |
mkfs | mke2fs mkreiserfs mkdosfs |
mkfs | newfs makefs |
newfs | mkfs newfs |
? | newfs mkfs |
mewfs mkfs |
AdvFS: mkfdmn UFS: newfs MFS: mfs |
newfs mkfs |
bb mkfs labelit |
create filesystem |
create non-0-length empty file | lmktemp | mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired |
? | truncate -s size[K|M|G]
filename dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \ count=desired |
prealloc | mkfile | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename
bs=1024k count=desired |
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired |
dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1m count=desired | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired | mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1k |
dd if=/dev/zero of=filenmae bs=1024 count=desired | mkfile | mkfile | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired | ? | ? | create non-0-length empty file |
mount CDROM |
mount -v cdrfs -o ro smitty cdrom |
(automatic — autdodiskmounter) | mount -t
cdrom /dev/pdsk/disk/cdrom |
mount /cdrom mount_cd9660 |
pfs_mountd pfsd pfs_mount mount /dev/dsk/cxtydz /SD_CDROM |
(mounts automatically when CD inserted) | mount /mnt/cdrom (deb) mount /cdrom |
mount -F cdfs /dev/cdrom/cdromX /cdrom |
mount /dev/cd0a path | mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a path | mount -F hs ... sysadm |
mount /dev/cd0 path | /etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck
or mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom |
mount -t hsfs -r /dev/sr0 /cdrom |
mount /dev/disk/cdromXa |
? | ? | mount CDROM |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
NFS share definitions | /etc/exports /etc/xtab |
NetInfo: /exports Netinfo: /config/SharePoints |
/etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares |
/etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/dfs/sharetab |
/etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares |
/etc/exports | /etc/exports | ? | /etc/exports | NFS share definitions |
NFS share command | exportfs -a | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | exportfs -a | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | exportfs -a | exportfs -a | /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload (rh) exportfs -a |
share shareall |
kill -s HUP `cat
/var/run/mountd.pid` /etc/rc.d/mountd reload |
kill -HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | share shareall |
exportfs -a /etc/nfs start |
share shareall |
exportfs -a | /sbin/init.d/nfs start; /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start | ? | exportfs -a | NFS share command |
name resolution order | /etc/netsvc.conf | NetInfo | /etc/netsvc.conf | /etc/host.conf
(4-) /etc/nsswitch.conf (5+) |
/etc/nsswitch.conf | 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf 5.3: /etc/resolv.conf |
/etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf |
tcpconfig /etc/netconfig |
/etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf |
/etc/resolv.conf | /etc/netconfig | ? | /etc/nsswitch.conf getent |
(hardcoded into libc) |
/etc/svc.conf | ? | /etc/hosts.usenamed | name resolution order |
show network interface info | ifconfig -a no -a netstat -i lsattr -E -l entX |
ifconfig -a | netstat -i ifconfig |
ifconfig -a | lanadmin landiag lanscan netstat -in ifconfig lanx |
ifconfig -a netstat -ia |
/sbin/ifconfig | ifconfig -a ildconfig netstat -in |
ifconfig -a netstat -in |
ifconfig -A | ifconfig -a inetstat -in etherstat cmxinfo |
ifconfig -a |
ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in (8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex' |
ifconfig -a |
ifconfig -a |
ifconfig | ifconfig -a netstat -in |
show network interface info |
change IP |
smitty chinet chdev -a netaddr= |
System Preferences: Network NetInfo |
sysadm | edit /etc/rc.conf (option
ifconfig_interfacename) ifconfig |
/sbin/set_parms initial ifconfig |
edit:
/etc/{hosts, sys_id, resolv.conf, TIMEZONE}, /etc/config/ {static-route.options, ifconfig-1.options}; reboot |
(rh) edit: /etc/hosts,
|
ifconfig tcpconfig |
edit
/etc/ifconfig.interface dhclient |
edit /etc/hostname.driver | sysadm ifconfig (temp.) vi /etc/default/inet |
ifconfig netconfig |
edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename,
sys-unconfig; reboot |
edit /etc/hosts /etc/hostname.* |
(4.x) netsetup (5.x) sysman net_wizard or netconfig |
? |
netconfig /etc/install/install |
change IP |
ping one packet | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -s -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname 10 1 (9) ping hostname -n 1 (10+) |
ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname packetsize 1 | ping hostname packetsize 1 |
ping -c 1 |
? | ping hostname | ping one packet |
sniff network | iptrace ipreport |
tcpdump | ? | tcpdump |
nettl |
snoop tcpdump |
etherfind tcpdump ethereal etherape |
tcpdump |
tcpdump | tcpdump | tcpdump | ? | snoop | etherfind | tcpdump | ? | ? | sniff network |
route definitions | netstat -r smitty route |
netstat -r | sysadm | edit /etc/rc.conf (option
defaultrouter) netstat -r route |
/etc/rc.config.d/netconf netstat -r |
/etc/config/ static-route.options |
route (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network |
tcpconfig /etc/inet/defaultrouter /etc/inet/gate* netstat -r |
netstat -r route show /etc/rc.conf |
netstat -r route show |
netstat -r | netstat -r |
/etc/defaultrouter |
/etc/defaultrouter (kernel tweak or adb to diable forwarding) |
/etc/routes | ? | netstat -r | route definitions |
telnetd, ftpd banner | /etc/security/login.cfg | /etc/ftpwelcome | ? | /etc/ftpwelcome | /etc/inetd.conf (telnet) | /etc/issue | /etc/issue.net (telnet) (ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers) |
/etc/issue ~ftp/etc/issue ~ftp/etc/msgs/welcome |
/etc/motd /etc/ftpwelcome |
/etc/issue.net /etc/ftpwelcome |
/etc/issue | ? | /etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd |
n/a | /etc/issue | ? | /etc/issue /etc/motd |
telnetd, ftpd banner |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
encrypted passwords in | /etc/security/passwd | NetInfo | /etc/shadow | /etc/master.passwd | /etc/passwd (not
Trusted) /.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9) /tcb/files/auth/ (10+) /etc/shadow (11.22+) |
/etc/shadow | /etc/shadow (may vary) | /etc/shadow | /etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) | /etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow | /etc/passwd | /tcb/files/auth (only with Enhanced Security) | /etc/shadow | /etc/udb | encrypted passwords in |
allow/deny root logins |
/etc/security/user | /etc/ttys (doesn't affect ssh) | /etc/default/login | /etc/login.access; /etc/ttys |
/etc/securetty | /etc/default/login | /etc/securetty | /etc/default/login | /etc/ttys | /etc/ttys | /etc/default/login | /dev/default/login | /etc/default/login | /dev/ttytab | /etc/securettys | /etc/securettys | udbrestrict -R | allow/deny root logins |
firewall config | ? | Aqua / System Prefs / Sharing / Firewall |
? | ipfw ipf pf |
/etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf | /etc/ipf.conf | iptables ipchains ipfwadm (rh) redhat-config- securitylevel |
? | /etc/ipf.conf | pfctl /etc/pf.conf |
? | ? | (9+) /usr/aset/ | ? | ? | ? | ? | firewall config |
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
show installed software | lslpp -L |
ls /Applications |
pkginfo | pkg_info | rmfn, what (HP-UX 9) swlist (HP-UX 10+) |
versions |
(rh) rpm -a -i (rh) rpm -qa (rh) yum list installed (deb) dselect (deb) aptitude (deb) dpkg -l |
displaypkg pkginfo |
pkg_info | pkg_info | pkginfo -l sysadm |
swconfig |
pkginfo prodreg admintool /var/sadm/install/contents |
? | setld -i | ? | ? | show installed software |
add software |
smitty install_all /usr/lib/instl/sm_inst |
installpkg drag-and-drop |
sysadm | /stand/sysinstall /usr/ports make pkg_add |
swinstall | inst swmgr |
(rh) rpm -hiv (rh) yum install pkg (deb) dselect (deb) apt-get install pkg (deb) dpkg -i |
pkgadd pkgplus |
pkg_add /usr/pkgsrc && make |
pkg_add /usr/ports && make |
pkgadd sysadm |
custom |
pkgadd | ? | setld -l | ? | ? | add software |
precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware | www-1.ibm.com/servers/ aix/products/aixos/linux/ download.html aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/ aixpdslib.html bullfreeware.com |
fink.sourceforge.net | ? | ftp.freebsd.org/ pub/FreeBSD http://www.freebsd.org/ |
http://www.linux.org/ linux.tucows.com sourceforge.net rpmfind.net (deb) http://ftp.debian.org/ (deb) packages.debian.org |
? | ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/ NetBSD/packages |
ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/ pub/OpenBSD/<version>/ packages |
? | www.caldera.com/ skunkware |
http://www.sunfreeware.com/ http://www.blastwave.org/ |
? | www.tru64unix.compaq.com/ demos tpegsrvr.zk3.dec.com/ freeware/tbl_packages.html |
? | ? | precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware | ||
C compiler | /usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | /usr/sde/default/usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($) /bin/cc (9) /usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel builder only) |
/opt/MIPSpro/ bin/cc ($) /usr/bin/cc |
gcc | /usr/bin/cc (Metaware) |
/usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc ($) |
/usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /opt/ctl/bin/cc | C compiler |
show patch level and/or patches |
instfix -ivq oslevel -r |
sw_vers Apple:About This Mac ls /Library/Receipts uname -a lsbom cat /System/Library/ CoreServices/ SystemVersion.plist |
what /dgux | uname -a | swlist -l product | grep PHsomeString |
versions -b | grep patch (6.4-) |
(rh) rpm -q (deb) dpkg -s |
pkginfo -l | cat /kern/version uname -a |
sysctl -n kern.version | uname -a pkginfo | grep EKS |
swconfig -P | showrev -p prodreg (2.6+) patchadd -p |
showrev -p (if you're lucky) |
dupatch -track -type kit dupatch -track -type patch setld -i | grep patchname |
? | ? | show patch level and/or patches |
patch tool | installp smitty update_all |
System Preferences / Software
Update softwareupdate |
dg_sysreport -p patches | (cvsup or cvs to
update, then rebuild) |
update (9) swinstall (10+) |
inst swmgr |
apt-get update apt-get upgrade (rh) up2date (rh) yum update (mand) urpmi |
pkgadd pkgplus |
cvs | cvs/CTM | pkgadd sysadm |
? | installpatch (2.5.1-) patchadd (2.6+) pkgadd /usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+) |
n/a | setld -i dupatch |
? | ? | patch tool |
configure/show runtime linking fortran-2000.com/ ArnaudRecipes/ sharedlib.html |
dump -H ldd |
otool -L | ? | ldd ldconfig kldstat |
chatr ldd (11+) kmadmin |
ldd rld _RLD_LIST |
ldconfig ldd lsmod |
ldd ldconfig |
ldd nm ldconfig |
ldd ldconfig |
ldd | ? | crle ldd pldd modinfo LD_PRELOAD |
ldd | odump -Dl ldd |
? | ? | configure/show runtime linking fortran-2000.com/ ArnaudRecipes/ sharedlib.html |
link library path | $LIBPATH |
$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH |
$LIBPATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (64-bit) $SHLIB_PATH (32- or 64-bit) |
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $RLD*_PATH |
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH /etc/ld.so.conf |
$LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | ? | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | ? | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | ? | $LDPATH | link library path |
tracing utility | trace syscalls truss |
ktrace; kdump fs_usage |
?=dg_strace (>=4.20MU06) |
ktrace truss |
trace (freeware) tusc (11+, freeware) |
par prfstat |
strace |
truss | ktrace ktruss |
ktrace ptrace |
truss scstat |
? | truss sotruss |
trace | trace truss |
? | cdbx jumptrace |
tracing utility |
define user defaults | /etc/security/ mkuser.default /etc/environment |
/usr/bin/defaults | admuser -o set | /etc/login.conf | /etc/default /etc/PATH /etc/MANPATH /etc/default/* |
/etc/default/login |
/etc/profile /etc/security/ /etc/skel/ |
/etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ |
/etc/profile /etc/skel/* login.conf |
/etc/profile |
/etc/default/login /etc/profile $HOME/.profile |
? | /etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ |
/etc/profile | /etc/skel /etc/profile |
/etc/skel /etc/profile |
udbgen nu scripts |
define user defaults |
csh global .login | ? | /etc/csh.login | ? | /etc/csh.login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/cshrc | /etc/csh.login | /etc/.login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/csh.login | ? | ? | /etc/.login | ? | /etc/csh.login | ? | /etc/login | csh global .login |
default syslog and messages | /var/adm/syslog /var/adm/messages |
/var/log/system.log | /var/adm/messages | /var/log/messages | /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log /var/adm/sulog /var/spool/mqueue/syslog |
/var/adm/SYSLOG /var/adm/sulog |
/var/log/syslog /var/log/messages /usr/adm/messages /var/log/maillog |
/var/adm/streams /var/adm/usererr /etc/.osm |
/var/log/messages | /var/log/messages | /var/adm/log/messages | /usr/adm/syslog /var/adm/log/osmlog |
/var/adm/messages /var/log/syslog |
/var/adm/messages /var/log/syslog (sendmail) |
(4.x+)
/var/adm/messages /var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user) /var/adm/binary.errlog |
/var/adm/messages /var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user) /var/adm/binary.errlog |
/usr/adm/messages | default syslog and messages |
system error reporting tool | errpt | Console /var/log/crash.log, dmesg |
admsyslog -o report | dmesg send-pr |
dmesg sysdiag (9 and early10) stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+) EMS (from support CD) |
sysmon amsyslog availmon eventmond imdmonitor syserrpanel |
dmesg (deb) reportbug |
odm errpt |
dmesg cat /kern/msgbuf |
dmesg | sysadm log3 WebSysAdmin |
dmesg | prtdiag | dmesg | (4.x) uerf; dia
(DECevent) (5.x) (System errors) EVM (evmget; evmshow) (Hardware errors) dia; ca (Compqaq analyze) |
uerf | errpt | system error reporting tool |
performance monitoring |
ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/ vmstat; iostat; sar; filemon; topas; trace; svmon; netpmon |
vm_stat; nfsstat; fs_usage; sc_usage; top Process Viewer |
? | fstat; nfsstat; systat; vmstat; netstat; uustat; top; iostat | top; sar; vmstat; iostat; nfsstat; netstat; uustat; Glance($) |
pcp; dkstat; pmkstat; sar; osview; gr_osview; ecstats; linkstat; netstat; nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis; routervis; nstats; top |
vmstat procinfo -D |
sar; pinfo -v; modstat; netstat; nfsstat; pppstat; smtpstat; snmpstat; uustat; top |
iostat; netstat; systat; vmstat |
iostat; pstat; systat; vmstat |
vmstat; mpstat; dkstat; sar; netstat; scstat |
? |
sar; iostat; kstat; |
iostat; netstat; vmstat | iostat; nfsstat;
vmstat /usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar |
iostat; nfsstat;
vmstat /usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar |
sar; xsar; tsar; xsam; |
performance monitoring |
match process to file or port | ? | lsof | ? | lsof sockstat |
? | fuser | lsof netstat -atup |
fuser | lsof | ? | fuser | ? | fuser lsof2 pfiles |
match process to file or port | ||||
TASK \ OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux |
NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare |
Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
FAQs (see also faqs.org) | www.faqs.org/faqs/ aix-faq/part1/ preamble.html |
www-csc.dg.com/csc/ dguxfaqs1.asp |
www.freebsd.org/doc/ en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq |
www.faqs.org/faqs/ hp/hpux-faq/preamble.html |
techpubs.sgi.com/library/ tpl/cgi-bin/browse.cgi?coll=0650 &db=FAQ |
? | www.netbsd.org/ Documentation |
http://www.openbsd.org/faq/ | ? | pcunix.com/SCOFAQ/ | www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ FAQ/ www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/ x86/FAQ/ www.stokely.com/ unix.sysadm.resources/ faqs.sun.html |
www.faqs.org/faqs/ comp-sys-sun-faq/ |
www2.tru64.org/faq/ tru64_faq.php |
www.supelec.fr/decus/ faq/faq-ultrix.html |
www.spikynorman .net |
FAQs (see also faqs.org) | ||
mailing list | AIX-L@pucc. princeton.edu (LISTSERV) |
lists.apple.com | ? | www.freebsd.org/ handbook/ eresources.html #ERESOURCES-MAIL |
hpux-admin@ dutchworks.nl (majordomo) |
? | ? | www.netbsd.org/ MailingLists |
www.openbsd.org/ mail.html |
? | ? | sun-managers@sunmanagers .org (majordomo) |
sun-managers@ sunmanagers .ececs.uc.edu (majordomo) |
tru64-unix-man [email protected] (majordomo) http://www.ornl.gov/its/archives/ mailing-lists/ |
decstation-man [email protected] (majordomo) |
? | mailing list | |
mailing list archives | lists.apple.com | ? | www.freebsd. org/ search.html# mailinglists |
www.dutch works.nl/ htbin/hpsysadmin |
? | www.linuxmanagers.org/ pipermail/linuxmanagers lists.debian.org |
? | www.netbsd.org/ MailingLists |
www.openbsd.org/ mail.html |
? | ? | www.latech. edu/sunman.html |
www-archive. ornl.gov:8000 |
www-archive. ornl. gov:8000 |
? | mailing list archives | ||
newsgroup(s) groups.google |
comp.unix.aix www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/ cuaix/cuaix.html |
comp.sys.mac.* | ? | comp.unix.bsd. freebsd.misc |
comp.sys.hp.hpux | comp.sys.sgi.admin | comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers) | comp.sys.ncr | comp.unix.bsd. netbsd.misc |
comp.unix.bsd. openbsd.misc lucky.openbsd.misc |
de.comp.os.unix.sinix | comp.unix.sco.misc | comp.sys.sun. admin, comp.unix.solaris |
comp.sys.sun admin |
comp.sys.dec, comp.unix.tru64 | comp.unix.ultrix | comp.unix.cray |
newsgroup(s) |
user groups | http://www.userblue.org/ | www.apple.com/ usergroups www.omnigroup.com/ developer/mailinglists www.themacintoshguy. com/lists/X.html |
? | www.freebsd.org/ support.html#user |
http://www.interex.org/ | ? | http://www.debianhelp.org/ | ? | www.netbsd.org/gallery/ groups.html |
deadly.org | ? | ? | ? | ? | Encompass/DECUS | ? | http://www.cug.org/ http://www.excray.com/ |
user groups |
magazines | http://www.macworld.com/ http://www.stepwise.com/ |
? | http://www.daemonews.com/ | http://www.hpchronicle.com/ http://www.interex.org/hpuxusr/ http://www.hppro.com/ |
www.sgi.com/support/ pipeline.html |
http://www.linuxjournal.com/ http://www.linux-mag.com/ http://www.debianplanet.org/ |
? | http://www.daemonnews.com/ | undeadly.org | ? | ? | http://www.sunworld.com/ sun.com/sun-on-net/itworld |
? | http://www.tru64.org/ | ? | ? | magazines | |
vendor home page | www.developer.ibm.com/ tech/map/aixrm.html |
http://www.apple.com/ | http://www.freebsd.org/ | unix.hp.com | www.sgi.com/software/ software.html#IRIX |
http://www.linux.org/ http://www.redhat.com/ http://www.debian.org/ |
ncr.com teradata.com |
http://www.netbsd.org/ | http://www.openbsd.org/ | http://www.fujitsu-siemens.com/ | www.caldera.com/ products/openunix |
sun.com/solaris sun.com/bigadmin sun.com/developers/support soldc.sun.com access1.sun.com |
? | www.tru64unix .compaq.com |
www.supelec.fr/decus/ faq/faq-ultrix.html |
http://www.cray.com/ | vendor home page | |
vendor docs and patches |
developer.apple.com/ |
www-csc.dg.com/csc/ custdocsasp/ custdocs2.asp? category=069docs.asp |
www.freebsd.org/handbook www.freebsd.org/releases/ 4.0R/errata.html |
docs.hp.com itrc.hp.com |
techpubs.sgi.com www.sgi.com/ support/patch_intro.html support.sgi.com relnotes grelnotes |
www.linuxdoc.org/ rpmfind.net/linux/RPM |
www.info.ncr.com/ eCRM- OSHW-Browse By-Results.cfm ?pl=&PID=&title= &release= &pl=Software %20-%20 MP-RAS&sbrn=3 |
www.netbsd.org/ Security |
www.openbsd.org/ docum.html www.openbsd.org/ errata.html |
service.fujitsu-siemens .com its.siemens.com/lobs/its/ its_sc/eks_en/unix_en.htm |
http://www.caldera.com/support/ | docs.sun.com sunsolve.sun.com |
? | www.tru64unix .compaq.com/docs |
N/A (EOL) | www.cray.com/ craydoc |
vendor docs and patches | |
vendor phone (US) | AIX: 800-237-5511 IBM hardware: 800-426-7378 |
1-800-MY-APPLE | ? | 925-674-0783 (FreeBSD Mall) |
800-633-3600 | 800-800-4SGI | ? | ? | ? | ? | (Germany) +49-5251-80 |
? | 800-USA-4SUN | ? | 800-344-4825 | 800-344-4825 | ? | vendor phone (US) |
TASK / OS | AIX | Darwin | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO UnixWare | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 (Digital Unix, OSF/1) (4) 4.0F/G (5) 5.0A |
Ultrix | UNICOS | OS \ TASK |
Footnotes
1. In System V-based Unixes, run level relates to booting, shutdown, and single-user mode. In BSD, it has to do with security.
2. Freeware; not part of the OS. See the precompiled binaries task or web search.
Universal Command Guide is a large book which covers several of the OSs in this table. See http://www.allcommands.com/
UnixGuide.net has a similar table covering fewer Unix versions and a somewhat different set of tasks. See http://unixguide.net/cgi-bin/unixguide.cgi
coolcommands is a search engine giving one-line command examples: http://www.coolcommands.com/index.php?option=com_cc&Itemid=28
Solaris / HP-UX / FreeBSD / Linux / AIX: http://www.unixporting.com/quickguide.html
Solaris / HP-UX: http://soldc.sun.com/migration/hpux/migissues/
Unix history time line: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
Heiner Steven's AWK dialects page: http://www.shelldorado.com/articles/awkcompat.html
Ben Zorn's Debugging Tools for Dynamic Storage Allocation and Memory Management: http://www.cs.colorado.edu/homes/zorn/public_html/MallocDebug.html
Join the USENIX System Administrator's Guild: http://www.usenix.org/sage/
This page is http://bhami.com/rosetta.html last updated 2005.01.02. This compilation Copyright © 2000-2005 Bruce Hamilton [email protected]. Reproduce freely for personal use. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes. LINK don't copy, or you will miss updates! Original concept by Pat Wilson. Thanks to Bitt Faulk and Mårten Svantesson for the improved JavaScript.