Family Therapy Time Line

Events in history

YEAR

Events in Family Therapy

WWII ends in Europe (5/8) and the Pacific (8/14)

1945

Bertalanffy presents general systems theory

1946

Bowen at Menninger Clinic
Whitaker at Emory

1947

State of Israel established

1948

Whitaker begins conferences on schizophrenia

Communist People's Republic of China established

1949

1950

Bateson begins work at Palo Alto VA

1951

Ruesch & Bateson: Communication: The Social Matrix of Society
Bowen residential treatment of mothers and children
Lidz at Yale

Eisenhower elected U.S. President

1952

Bateson receives Rockefeller grant to study communication in Palo Alto Wynne at NIMH

1953

1954

Bateson project research on schizophrenic communication
Bowen at National Institute of Mental Health

1955

1956

1957

Jackson: "The question of family homeostasis"
Ackerman opens the Family Mental Health Clinic of Jewish Family Services in New York
Boszormenyi-Nagy opens Family Therapy Department at EPPI in Philadelphia
Ackerman: The psychodynamics of family life

1958

Castro becomes Premier of Cuba

1959

The Mental Research Institute (MRI) founded by Don Jackson

Kennedy elected U.S. President

1960

Berlin Wall erected

1961

Bell: Family Group Therapy
Family Process founded by Ackerman and Jackson

Cuban Missile Crisis

1962

Kennedy assassinated

1963

Haley: Strategies of Psychotherapy

Nobel Peace Prize: Martin Luther King

1964

Satir: Conjoint Family Therapy

1965

The Family Institute founded by Nathan Ackerman (renamed the Ackerman Institute in 1971)
Minuchin becomes director of Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic

Red Guards demonstrate in China

1966

Six-Day War between Israel

and Arab states

1967

Watzlawick et al. Pragmatics of Human Communication
Dicks, Marital Tensions
Brief Therapy Center founded at MRI

Nixon elected U.S. President

Robert Kennedy and Martin

Luther King assassinated

1968

Widespread demonstrations against war in Vietnam. 1^st man on the moon.

1969

1970

1971

Nathan Ackerman dies

1972

Bateson: Steps to an Ecology of Mind

Energy crisis created by oil shortages

1973

Center for Family Learning founded by Phil Guerin

Nixon resigns

1974

Minuchin: Families and Family Therapy
Watzlawick et al. Change

Vietnam War ends

1975

1976

Haley: Problem-Solving Therapy

1977

Family Institute of Westchester founded by Betty Carter

Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel

1978

Hare-Mustin: "A Feminist Approach to Family Therapy"
Selvini Palazzoli et al., Paradox and Counterparadox

1979

Haley, Leaving Home

1980

Milton Erickson dies (b. 1901)
Gregory Bateson dies (b. 1904)

1981

Hoffman, The Foundations of Family Therapy

1982

1982 Gilligan, In a Different Voice
Fisch, Weakland & Segal, Tactics of Change
The Family Therapy Networker founded by Richard Simon

1983

1984

1985

de Shazer, Keys to Solution in Brief Therapy

1986

1987

Tom Andersen: "The Reflecting Team"

1988

Kerr & Bowen, Family Evaluation
Virginia Satir dies (born 1916)

1989

The Berlin Wall comes down

1990

Murray Bowen dies (b. 1913)
White & Epston, Narrative Means to Therapeutic Ends

Desert Storm war against Iraq

1991

Harold Goolishian dies (b. 1924)
Andersen, The Reflecting Team

1992

Family Institute of New Jersey founded by Monica McGoldrick

1993

1994

David and Jill Scharf leave Washington School of Psychiatry to begin the International Institute of Object Relations Therapy

1995

Carl Whitaker dies
John Weakland dies
Jay Haley retires
Salvador Minuchin retires
Family Studies Inc., renamed The Minuchin Center

1996

Edwin Friedman dies (b. 1932)

1997

1998

1999

AFT extend into the use of the internet

Millennium celebrations

2000