Pain assessment
Theories of behavior change suggest that people vary widely in their readiness to adopt new behaviors. pain assessment Human-body-joints. Up to 40% of individuals may be in the "precontemplative stage" where they remain essentially unaware of the problem and have not yet thought about change. For these individuals, realistic goals for exercise counseling are to increase awareness of the importance of physical activity and to personalize information about the benefits that can be anticipated. For those who express a willingness to be more active, a medical history and physical exam is advised. pain assessment Osteoarthritis-hip-spur. Specifically, the evaluation should assess the severity and extent of joint involvement, overall level of cardiovascular conditioning and presence of other comorbid conditions. In the book titled ACSM's Exercise Management for Persons with Chronic Diseases and Disabilities,(ref 8) The American College of Sports Medicine recommends the following exercise testing program for individuals with arthritis:Muscle strength and endurance Aerobic endurance Joint flexibility and range of motion Neuromuscular fitness, including gait analysis and need for orthotics Functional capacity to accomplish activities of daily living(top of section) (top of page) Approaches to Physical Activity Structured Exercise Programs Water Aerobics Range of Motion/Flexibility Recreational or Lifestyle Exercise Structured Exercise ProgramsThe Fitness Arthritis and Seniors Trial (FAST) is the largest clinical trial to evaluate the effects of exercise on osteoarthritis. (ref 9) A total of 439 adults aged 60 and older were randomized to either aerobic exercise, resistance exercise or a control group (health education). pain assessment Arthritis relief. Participants in the aerobic exercise group exercised for 40 minutes three times a week; those in the resistance training group completed three 40 minute sessions per week performing two sets of 12 repetitions of nine exercises. The investigators concluded that both types of exercise were associated with similar significant improvements in symptoms of physical disability, improved physical performance and reduced pain. (top of section) (top of page) Water AerobicsAquatic aerobic training programs that are offered in therapeutic pools have many advantages related to the warmth and buoyancy of the water. (ref 10) Pools that are designed for persons with arthritis are often kept at much warmer temperatures (e. g. , 78-83 degrees) than recreational pools and may have specialized access ramps to make entrance to the pool easier. (top of section) (top of page) Range of Motion/Flexibility ProgramsIndividuals with arthritis often have a limited range of motion, especially in lower extremity joints. Decreased range of motion associated with knee and hip OA is associated with pain, loss of function, physical limitations and an increased risk of injury and falls. In addition, to receive adequate nutrition, cartilage requires regular compression and decompression to stimulate remodeling and repair. (ref 1) Minor notes that the optimal daily exercise plan to maintain cartilage health should include range of motion exercises. She also recommends that physicians provide specific recommendations; simply advising patients "to stretch every day" is not advisable since affected joints that are lax are easily overstretched and more vulnerable to injury. (top of section) (top of page) Recreational or Lifestyle ExerciseKey Messages from the Surgeon General's Report on Physical ActivityPhysical activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits. Older adults can obtain significant health benefits with moderate amounts of physical activity, preferably daily. A moderate amount of activity can be obtained in longer sessions of moderately intense activities (such as walking) or in accumulating shorter sessions of more vigorous activities (such as fast walking or stair walking). By the early 1990s, epidemiological data were mounting on the dose-response gradient of physical activity and health outcomes.
Pain assessment
Hands || Lupus-arthritis || Abbott-labs-and-rheumatoid-arthritis || Abbott-labs-and-rheumatoid-arthritis