o you remember it? The .BAT files.I knew it 2 months after I had touched the computer. It is not a real programming language, but I used it to write a game "one two three" (and of course, computer always won because it doesn't support random). I thinks there're reasons to used batch files to do simple works (as do a list of commands, plus a bit favour of programming language), but it undoubtedly can be replaced by script files.
Here're some explain why I like batch files. The first is basic knowledge, then some experiences
>, >>, <, |The larger symbol is used to direct the output device
EX 1: create a file LIST.TXT contains directory structure of A:\
TREE A:\ > LIST.TXTECHO Press a keyPAUSE > NULpause command,
because the output is directed as nulEX 3: create file ALL.TXT includes contents of FILE1.TXT and FILE2.TXT
TYPE FILE1.TXT > ALL.TXTTYPE FILE2.TXT >> ALL.TXT>> appends new content after old file)With this situation, you can do in a different way:
COPY FILE1.TXT ALL.TXT
and then: COPY ALL.TXT + FILE2.TXTThe smaller symbol is used to direct the input device
EX 4: automatically format a floppy diskette
- First, you edit a file C:\FORMAT.INP with lines below (line numbers for reference only):
- 1:
2:
HAI NAM3:
N4:
- Then, type this command:
FORMAT A: < C:\FORMAT.INPhai nam
without any question.- Of course, you can change to format your HDD, but don't try now!
The last symbol is
|EX 5: delete all file in directory C:\REMOVE
The difficulty is the command
DEL C:\REMOVE will confirm you.There're at least three ways to do. I mention only two here, the last one is for the structure
FOR IN DOThe first method is like the EX4: you make a file DELALL.INP contains a letter
N
and a blank line, then you used DEL C:\REMOVE < DELALL.INPThe second, much faster, is the command:
ECHO y | DEL C:\REMOVE| has ASCII code #124)
You use %0 to %9 to get commandline parameters.
EX 6: look at this batch file
- 1:
@ECHO OFF2:
ECHO The file name is %03:
ECHO The first parameter is %14:
ECHO The second parameter is %2% in batch file
like in command line, write %%. Look at this:
- 1:
ECHO %%2:
FOR %%f IN (*.*) DO ECHO %%fECHO %FOR %f IN (*.*) DO ECHO %fIF check a conditionThere're three syntax for IF (IF do the command if condition is true; with NOT, the command will be done if condition if false)
IF [NOT] ERRORLEVEL number command true if errorlevel >= numberIF [NOT] string1==string2 command true if string1 and string2 are the sameIF [NOT] EXIST filename command true if file filename existsEX 7: most of programs return error other than zero if there are abnormal events. This will check it:
IF ERRORLEVEL 1 ECHO There are some errorsIF "%1"=="okk" ECHO Password correct!EX 9: verify a file exists or not
IF EXIST C:\CONFIG.SYS ECHO File c:\config.sys existsIF EXIST C:\BATCH\NUL ECHO Folder c:\batch existsGOTO go to a label in batch fileEX 10: a batch file
- 1:
@ECHO OFF2:
XCOPY C:\GAMES\WAR2\*.SAV C:\BACKUP3:
IF ERRORLEVEL 1 GOTO error4:
ECHO All saved game were copied successfully5:
GOTO end6:
:error7:
ECHO There are some error(s)8:
:endCALL call a new batch file then continue the oldEX 11: two ways to call a batch (assume that there's a file DO-IT.BAT)
- 1:
@ECHO OFF2:
ECHO This will run DO-IT.BAT3:
CALL DO-IT4:
ECHO Now continue...5:
ECHO And now, run DO-IT.BAT again6:
DO-IT7:
ECHO You won't see this lineSHIFT shift all parameters into leftEX 12: a practical example, this deliver files to many places. Assuming this batch file named DELIVER.BAT, the syntax is
DELIVER files place1 [place2 [place3 [...]]]Without SHIFT command, you can use only 8 places (%2 to %9)
- 1:
@ECHO OFF2:
SET filesrc=%13:
:copyfile4:
IF "%2"=="" GOTO end5:
COPY %filesrc% %2 > NUL6:
SHIFT7:
GOTO copyfile8:
:end9:
SET filesrc=FOR IN DO loop commandSyntax:
FOR %variable IN (set) DO command parameters- 1:
FOR %%place IN (%2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9) DO IF NOT "%%place"=="" COPY %1 %%placeFOR %place IN (C:\TARGET1 C:\TARGET2) DO COPY C:\AUTOEXEC.BAT %placeCHOICE an external command, to get answer or comfirmationSyntax:
- If
choicesomitted, it is YN as default /Nwon't display choices/Scase-sensitive choices/T[:]c,nndefault choice tocafternnsecondstextprompt text
CHOICE [/C[:]choices] [/N] [/S] [/T[:]c,nn] [text]
CHOICE /? to know the detail.EX 14:
- 01:
@echo off02:
ECHO 1. WarCraft II 2. RoadRash 3. FIFA 200003:
choice /c:123 Which game do you like best04:
IF ERRORLEVEL 3 GOTO 305:
IF ERRORLEVEL 2 GOTO 206:
ECHO WarCraft II07:
GOTO end08:
:209:
ECHO RoadRash10:
GOTO end11:
:312:
ECHO FIFA 200013:
:endRead carefully the basic knowledge before (there're also my experiences in 14 examples).
EXP 1: ignore case-sensitive
- 1:
@ECHO OFF2:
SET temp=%path%3:
SET path=%14:
SET input=%path%5:
SET path=%temp%6:
SET temp=7:
ECHO Your %%1 input is %input%Go to the top
t's my favourite!