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d'lQmgfysf] sfv / ;f�\lu|nfsf] vf]hL

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�oL d}n] gl/jn kfPF �� Pshgf wd{eL? dlxnfsf] ;Gt'i6Ldf ;/fj/ :j/n] xfdL ;a}sf] Wofg cfs[i6 u/]sf] lyof] . xfd|f] 6f]nLsf ;b:osf ;fy} c� klg w]/} bz{gfyL{x� d'lQmgfysf] bz{g ub}{ lyof}+ . d'lQmgfysf] d"lt{sf] sfv} d'lgsf] ;fgf] vf]lkN6f]af6 aflx/ lg:s]sf] xft;Fu} lg:s]sf] dlxnfsf] Tof] pb\uf/n] ;a}sf cfFvfdf sf}t"xn hGdfpg' :jfefljs lyof] . To;}n] ;a}sf lh1f;fk"0f{ b[li6x� ltg} dlxnf tkm{ cfs[i6 lyP . s'08h:tf] ;fgf] ulx/f] vf]lkN6f]af6 xftdf Ps6'qmf gl/jn lgsfNb} cfkm"dflysf] O{Zj/ cg'sDkf k|blz{t ug{ kfPsf]df tL dlxnf cToGt v';L b]lvlGyg\ . v';L / cfTdt[lKtsf] c;Ld cg'e"lt pgsf] k|km'lNnt cg'xf/df :ki6} cg'ej ug{ ;lsGYof] . O{Zj/ cg'sDkf k|flKtsf nflu si6k"0f{ nfdf] ofqf lx+8]/ bz{g ug{ cfPsf cGo bz{gfyL{x�nfO{ pgsf] Tof] k|flKtn] cfslif{t ug'{ emg} :jfefljs lyof] .

bz{gsf] ;fy} s'08af6 s]xL kfpg] cfzfdf kfnf] kv]{/ a;]sf Jou| bz{gfyL{ cg'xf/x� c� klg w]/} lyP ToxfF . oL ofq'x� :yfgLo xf]Ogg\,6f9f6f9faf6 oxL+ cfpg nfdf] ofqf k"/f u/]/ cfPsf ofq'x� x'g\ � s'08df xft xfNbf s;}sf] xftdf Psyf]s km]nf k5{, s;}sf] xftdf c� g} yf]s � s;}sf] xftdf s]xL klg km]nf kb}{g / pgLx�sf cg'xf/ cfkm" O{Zj/ cg'sDkfaf6 jl~rt /xg' k/]sf] kL8faf]waf6 lg/fz b]lvG5g\ . o;/L s]xL km]nf kfg]{sf] cg'xf/sf] t[lKt�;Gt'li6sf] cfef / l/Qf] xftsf] lg/fz cg'xf/df O{Zj/Lo cg'sDkf kfpg g;Sbfsf] c;Gtl'i6 / lg/fzf ;xh} cg'ej ug{ ;lsGYof] .

  dflg;n] cf�g} ljDa cg';f/ O{Zj/sf] l;h{gf u5{ / p;nfO{ cf�g} b[li6sf]0f cg'�k x]g]{ u5{ . d'lQmgfy / o;sf jl/kl/sf b]jLb]ptfx�nfO{ lxGb' / af}4 ;Dk|bfosf dflg;x�n] cf�cf�g} cf:yfsf] b[li6af6 lbOPsf gfpF / ul/Psf k"hfcr{gf b]v]/ d]/f] dgn] o:t} ;f]r]sf] lyof] . xfdL 9'�fdf xfd|f] cf�g} cf:yf cg';f/ b]jtfsf] kl/sNkgf u5f}{+, xfd|f] dgsf] cf�g} ljDa cg'�k p;sf] :j�klrq s'Fb\5f}+ / Tof] cf�gf] dgsf] :j�knfO{ O{Zj/sf]] klxrfg lbG5f+} . o;/L g} xfdL 9'�fdf O{Zj/sf] :j�k cf/f]lkt ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+,cfO/xg]5f}+ . Plgdf]O8 kmf]l;n cyf{t\ sfnLu08sLsf] au/df kfOg] 9'�fdf ;d]t O{Zj/sf] ljleGg �k b]Vgdf xfdL cEo:t 5f}+, b]jtf dfg]/ xfdL To;nfO{ /ftlbg k'Hg] u5f{}+ .

d'lQmgfy dlGb/df Psflt/ lxGb' k'hf/L lyP, csf{lt/ a'4 leIf'0fL cfgL � xfd|f] wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfsf] HjnGt b[i6fGt lyof] Tof] � pgLx� b'a} cf�cf�g} cf:yf / ljZjf;df b[9 /x]/ d'lQmgfysf] k"hfcr{gfdf Jo:t b]lvGy] . l;�f] d'lQmgfy If]q Psflt/ �cf]d\ dl0f kb\d] x'F�sf] af}4dGqdf zflGtsf] cGj]if0f ul//x]sf] b]lvGYof],csf{lt/ lxGb' O{Zj/ cr{gfsf dGqkf7n] d'lQmdfu{sf] vf]lhdf cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t ul//x]sf] cg'ej x'GYof] . 

d]/L >LdtLdf klg Tof] s'08df xft xfn]/ O{Zj/ cg'sDkf k|fKt ug]{ Jou|tf k|i6} b]lvG5 . efph' k|ltef /ZdL klg Tof] cg'sDkf k|flKtsf nflu sd Jou| x'g'x'Gg . r9fOPsf j:t'x� s'08df v;]/ xftxfNbf bz{gfyL{sf] xftdf kg'{ s'g} cgf}7f] lyPg, d To;f] eg]/ d]/L >LdtL / c� klg cf:yfjfg\ bz{gfyL{x�sf] pT;fx / ljZjf;nfO{ eTsfpg rfxGg . To;}n] d pgLx�nfO{  ToxL+ 5f8]/ dlGb/ue{ aflx/ lg:sG5', jl/kl/sf] t:jL/ lvRg] ;f]rdf . t]hdf klg Tolt nfdf] k|tLIff ug]{ w}o{ x'Fb}g ;fob / To;}n] pm klg d lg:s]kl5 aflx/ lg:sG5 . xfdL b'j} t:jL/ lvRg] w'gdf nfU5f}+ .

d'lQmgfysf] ofqfdf cfPsf 5f+} xfdL b'O{ bDklt�ldq t]hk|sfz >]i7, >LdtL t]h cyf{t\ efph' k|ltef/lZd, d / d]/L >LdtL nIdL rfln;] . nIdL / k|ltef efph'sf] w]/} jif{b]lvsf] rfxgf lyof]�d'lQmgfy bz{g ug]{ . t]h / d]/f] cGt/df n's]/ /x]sf] ofofj/L k|j[lQn] klg xfdLnfO{ d':tf� ofqfsf] of]hgf agfpg k|]l/t u/]sf] lyof] . lgs} jif{b]lv xfdL of]hgf agfpFYof}+, / Tof] of]hgf k"/f x'g g;sL csf]{ jif{sf] nflu yftL /xGYof] . slxn] s;sf] cg's"n ldNb}gYof],slxn] s;sf] � o;/L w]/} jif{ csf]{ kN6sf] nflu ofqf :ylut ub}{ lrQ a'emfPsf lyof}+ xfdLn] � o;kfln eg] d;Ss} cfF6\of}+ / bz}+sf] �fbzLsf lbg xfdL ofqfsf nflu k|:yfg ul/klg xfNof}+ kf]v/ftkm{ . lxh}dfq kf]v/faf6 ;f�\lu|nf Po/sf] km'Rr] ljdfgn] xfdLnfO{ laxfg} gf} ah]lt/ NofP/ 5fl8lbPsf] lyof]�d':tf�sf] ;b/d'sfd lhNnfs} /x:o /f]df~rn] el/k"0f{ of] ;f�\lu|nf df �

cf:yfn] ;dk{0f / ;fx; hGdfpFbf] /x]5 eGg] d}n] oxfF /fd|};Fu cg'ej u/]+ . d'lQmgfy dlGb/sf] k[i7efunfO{ cw{j[Qfsf/ �kdf 3]/]sf !)* j6f wf/fx� lxpFh:t} lr;f] kfgL lg/jlR5Gg k|jflxt ul//x]sf lyP . bz{gfyL{x�sf] ToxL cf:yfnfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ :gfgsf nflu r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf lyP tL wf/f / ltgaf6 alu/x]sf] lxpF em}+ lr;f] kfgL . kfgL, xft} dfq /fVbf klg s6Ss} sf6\g] � To:tf] lr;f] kfgLsf] k|To]s wf/fdf 6fpsf] yfk]/ g'xfpg] cfF6 ug'{ d]/f nflu b':;fx; lyof] . t/ s]xL wd{eL� dlxnf�k'?ifx� ToxL b':;fx;nfO{ d"t{tf k|bfg ul//x]sf lyP, pgLx� To:tf] lr;f] kfgLdf yy{/L sfDb} g'xfO/x]sf b]lvGy] . Pp6L sdhf]/ dlxnf g'xfpFbf g'xfpFb} lr;f]n] s7\of�\lu||P/ gLnL�sfnL eP/ nUnuL sfld/x]sL b]Vbf d}n] To;nfO{ b':;fx; afx]s csf]{ gfd lbg ;s]sf] lyOg . nIdL, d'6'sf] nfdf] ladf/Laf6 ev{/} t�\lu|P/ of]] ;fx;k"0f{ sl7g ofqfdf lg:s]sL lyO{ . 3'F8fsf] ;d:ofn] lx+8\g ;d]t sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] lyof] p;nfO{{ . t/ pm ToxL cf:yfsf sf/0f To:tf] k|lts"n :jf:Yol:yltdf ;d]t g'xfpg] b':;fx;k"0f{ rfxgf k|s6 ul//x]sL lyO{ . xft dfq} /fVbf klg s6Ss sf6]/ emnf{ h:tf] cg'ej x'g] Tof] lxpFsf] lr;f] kfgLdf, Tof] klg Ps;o cf7j6f wf/fdf 6fpsf] yfk]/ g'xfpg'sf] cy{ p;sf] nflu csf]{ ;d:of ylkg' x'GYof] . lxh} hf]d;f]daf6 dfly psfnf] r9\bf p;nfO{ sd ;d:of ePsf] lyPg . aNn aNn ;DemfP/ xfdLn] p;sf] Tof] OR5fnfO{ yfdy'd kf/]sf lyof}+ . p;sf] x7 b]v]/ k|ltef  efph'n] cfkm" klg :gfg gug]{ eg] kl5 aNn p;sf] lrQ a'�of] . xfdLn] Tof] cfF6 gu/] klg ;fx; h'6fP/ Tof] clt lr;f] kfgLdf :gfg ug]{ dlxnf� k'?ifsf] ;+Vof eg] sd lyPg . g'xfpFbf g'xfpFb} sDk 5'6]/ ToxL+ 9Ng] cj:yfdf klg dflg;x� k|s[ltsf] Tof] r'gf}tLnfO{ cf:yfsf] bl/nf] ;Djnsf] e/df ;xif{ :jLsf/ ul//x]sf lyP .

/fhgLlt / hftLotfsf] dGb ljifsf] ;+qmd0f al9/x]sf] d]/f] ;dfh oyfy{df ;lxi0f' 5 . d'lQmgfysf k|d'v dlGb/ / tLy{df xfdL lxGb' / af}4 wdf{jnDaLx�sf] ;xcl:tTj / ;xsfo{ b]v]/ dnfO{ Tolta]nf o:t} cg'ej ePsf] lyof] . oxfFsf k|d'v dlGb/ d'lQmgfysf] dlGb/ xf];\ jf g/l;+x cjtf/, HjfnfdfO{ jf kftfn u�f x'g\ ;a}lt/ g} o;sf] b[i6fGt km]nf ky]{ . oL ;a}df wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfsf] pbfx/0f kfOGYof] . lxGb'x� logdf cf�g} cf:yf / ljZjf;cg';f/ O{Zj/sf] sNkgf uy]{, af}4x� cf�g} cf:yf / ljZjf; cg';f/ � d'lQmgfy lxGb'x�sf nflu lji0f' jf lzjsf] :j�k lyof] eg] af}4x�sf nflu eujfg a'4sf] � d'lQmgfysf] d"n k"hf/L g} cfgL cyf{t\ af}4 leIf'0fL � d'lQmgfysf] leqL k"hfsf] clwsf/ pgLx�nfO{ dfq lyof] � csf{ k'hf/L lxGb', h;nfO{ leqL k"hfsf] ;d]t clwsf/ 5}g /], k'hf/L gf/fo0fbQ ;'j]bLaf6 o:t} hfgsf/L kfPsf lyof}+ xfdLn] . kl5 yfxf eof] tL k'hf/Ln] lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] g]kfnL s]Gb|Lo ljefuaf6 g]kfnL ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ u/]sf /x]5g\ . Tolt a]nf d]/f] afaf klg ToxL+ cWofkg ug'{x'g] ePsf]n] pxfFsf ljBfyL{ klg /x]5g\ pgL . pgL;Fu Tof] kl/ro ePkl5 xfdLn] d'lQmgfysf] af/]df w]/} s'/fsf] hfgsf/L kfPsf lyof}+ / ljz]if bz{gsf] ;'ljwf klg �

�klxn] d'lQmgfydf lxGb' ljlw cg';f/ jif{sf] 5 dlxgf dfq k"hfcfhf x'g] uYof]{, af}4 k/Dk/fsf] af/] eg] dnfO{ klg Tolt yfxf 5}g .�k'hf/L ;'j]bLn] eg]sf lyP . lj;+ !*%% b]lv /fhf /0faxfb'/ zfxn] u'7L sfod u/]/ d'lQmgfysf] cf}krfl/s k"hf ;'? u/fPsf /x]5g\ . r}t] cf+};Lb]lv c;f]h;Dd lxpF cln sd kg]{ ePsf]n] tL 5 dlxgf dfq k"hf ug{] rng lyof] /], Tof] afx]s c� ;dodf oxfF sf]xL a:g} g;Sg] ePsf]n] k"hfcfhf ;d]t x'Fb}gYof] /] . logsf] bfjL lyof]�cf�g} afh] s[i0fbQ ;'j]bL�f/f @)@! ;fnb]lv dfq} afx|} dlxgf k"hf ug]{ rng ;'? ePsf] xf] .

d'lQmgfy eGbf dflysf] Pp6f dlGb/ lxGb' ljZjf;df g/l;+xsf] dlGb/ lyof], af}4x�sf] cf:yf / ljZjf;df k�gfe a'4 / u'? 9fSkf] tyf u'? l/Dkf]5]sf] u'Djf � dlGb/sL cfgL k]df vf08' u'?�sf] /fd|f] ;xof]u kfPsf lyof}+ xfdLn] Tof] dlGb/ cyjf u'Daf x]g{ / a'�gsf nflu . Pp6} 7fpFdf cNdlng] xfdL;Fu ;do lyPg . ofqL g 7xl/of}+, 38Lsf k|To]s 306f / ldg]6sf ;'O{sf] rfndf lx;fa u/]/ lx+8\g afWo lyof}+ xfdL Tolt a]nf � xfdL To;}n] ToxfFaf6 pQ/ nfu]sf lyof}+�kftfn u�f cyf{t\ Pp6f b'nf]h:tf] 9'�fsf] cf]9f/df sfg yfKg � ToxfF sfg yfKbf tn===w]/} tn===kfgL au]sf] s'ns'n cfjfh ;'lgPsf] lyof] � r�fgL kxf8sf] km]bLdf ssf/f]af6 d"n km'6]sf] oxL kfgL sfnLsf] d'xfg jf pb\ud xf] /], oxL] kftfnu�f sfnL hGdfpg] cflbd"n � sfua]gLaf6 pQ/kl�sf] nueu ;q xhf/ lkm6sf] pFrfOdf sfse';'08L ;/f]j/af6 lgl:sPsf] csf]{ d'xfgaf6 pTklQ ePsf] u08sL;Fu ldl;Pkl5 sfnLn] ;+o'Qm gfd lnG5]�sfnLu08sL . dfg;/f]j/sf] tn kg]{ Tof] ;/f]j/df kj{t sGof kfj{tL :gfg uly{g\ /], hnqmL8f ug]{ uly{g\ /] � lsDabGtLx� lgs} ;'lgG5g\ .

xfdL cem cl3 a9]sf lyof}+, HjfnfdfO{sf] dlGb/lt/ . cfgL cyf{t\ af}4 leIf'0fL dfq k'hf/L /x]sL HjfnfdfO{nfO{ s;}n] lzj dlGb/ dfg]sf] ;'lgGYof], s;}n] b]jLs]f dlGb/ � o;}nfO{ af}4wdf{jnDaLx� a'4sf ljleGg cjtf/sf �kdf k"hf cr{gf uy]{ . oxL dlGb/df d"lt{sf] tn Ps 5]pdf cFWof/f] u'kmfh:tf] ulx/f]leq Pp6f dw'/f] Hjfnf aln/x]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] . ;+ejtM Tof] aln/x]sf] Hjfnf hldgd'lgsf] UofF; x'g'k5{ . o;}nfO{ elg+bf] /x]5, HjfnfdfO{ / oxL dlGb/nfO{ HjfnfdfO{sf] dlGb/ �+

�vf]O, laxfgb]lv Ps sk lrof ;d]t vfg kfOPsf] xf]Og � a� nhaf6} vfP/ cfpg'kg]{ /x]5 .� ;w}+ laxfg p7]/ lgTolqmof kl5 tftf] lrofsf] r':sL glnO{ s]xL gug]{ d]/f] cfbtn] dnfO{ olt a]nf lrof ;DemfO/x]sf] lyof] . nhdf lrof kv{+bf bz{g u/]/ kms{g l9nf] x'g] ePsf]n] af6}df vfg] ;Nnfxn] xfdLnfO{ lx+8fPsf] lyof], Toltv]/ . olt rfF8} af6fdf lrof km]nf kb}{g eGg] hfg]sf] eP ;fob xfdL kv]{/ klg nhd}+ lrof vfP/ dfq lx+8\Yof}+ xf]nf . psfnf] r9\bf d'lQmgfysf] clGtd k8fj / ofqLx�sf] cf>o:yn /fgL kf}jf olta]nf;Dd klg dL7f] lgb|faf6 Jo'FlemPs} lyPg . lxh} oxfF cfP/ af;a:g]x� bz+{g ;s]/ kms{g] qmddf b]lvPsf] s]xL cfjfudg / s]xL ultzLntfsf] hLjgaf]w afx]s a:tL r]tgfdf cfO;s]sf] b]lv+b}gYof] .

o;/L x]lnsf]K6/ r9]/ klg s] wd{ xf]nf / <�xfd|} ;d"xdWo]s} s;}sf] cleJolQm lyof] Tof] . d'lQmgfysf] dlGb/sf] s]xL tn xjfO{hxfh pqg] x]lnKof8 b]v]kl5sf] of] :jfefljs k|Zg lyof] . x]lnsf]K6/ r9]/ wd{ x'g] s'/fn] eGbf klg si6s/ hLjg latfpg jfWo ax';+Vos d':tf�L hgtf / of] x]lnKof8sf] cl:tTjn] cleJoQm ug]{ xfd|f] ljsf; / slyt ;dtfd"ns elgg] ;dfhsf]] ;dfgtfsf] wHhL p8fPsf] oyfy{n] dnfO{ a9L lrdf]6]sf] lyof] . xfd|f] ;fdflhs / /fli6�o hLjgsf] ljifdtfnfO{ cf}+Nofpg] of] Pp6f /fd|f] b[i6fGt lyof] ;fob . sxfFsf] ofqL, ef/L / k;nsf ;fdfg v]Kb} lr;f] lxpFsf] d'6' 5]8\g] l;/]6faf6 nv]l6P/ rf}aL;} 306f cefj / u/LjL;Fu nfKkf v]Nbf klg 6fnf] gxfnL ef]6f] / s5f8 cfF�df gkg]{ oL lxdk'qx�sf] hLjgsf] oyfy{ � clg sxfFsf] of] x]lnsf]K6/df ;o/sf] ljnf;L Ifdtfsf] cZnLn j}ej k|bz{g � oL b'O{ cGtlj{/f]w aLrsf] rsf]{ ljifdtf aLr d s'g} tfnd]n km]nf kfg{ ;ls/x]sf] lyOg .

�zflnu|fd n}hf, y}nf]�n'uf n}hf, ;:tf] lbG5 �� :yfgLo ltAatL njhdf u|fxs af]nfO/x]sf pgLx�sf] cfjfhn] hf] sf]xLnfO{ cfslif{t ul//x]sf] lyof] . bz{g ;s]/ tn embf{ a:tL la:tf/} Jo'FemFb} lyof] . d':tf�Lx� af6fsf 5]p5]pdf ljqmLsf nflu :yfgLo 3/]n' pTkfb pmgsf snfTds ;fdfg, zflnu|fd, d'uf�kTy/ / o:t} ;fdfg lkmFhfP/ u|fxssf] k|tLIffdf al;;s]sf lyP . ljleGg pd]/sf :yfgLo dlxnf k'?ifx�sf] Tof] cfu|xn] hf] sf]xLnfO{ s]xL g s]xL lsGg k|]l/t ul//x]sf] lyof] .

 lrofsf] tntn dnfO{ dfq} nfu]sf] lyPg, t]h klg lrofs} vf]hLdf lyof] . To;}n] xfdL bz{g / ofqf 5f]6\ofP/ klg kms{g xtfl/Psf lyof}+ . /fgLkf}jf em/]kl5 aNn xfd|f] tntn d]l6Psf] lyof], dL7f], :jflbnf] / leq};Dd ttfpg] tftf] lrofn] . 

cl3Nnf] lbg emfsf]{6sf] k|sfz nhdf /ft latfP/ laxfg ;a]/} d'lQmgfysf] bz{g ug{ lx+8]b]lv g} kftnf] lxpF hd]sf] cf]l;nf] ToxfFsf] jftfj/0f lgs} lr;f] lyof] . t/ Tof] lr;f] / psfnf] r9\bfsf] si6nfO{ ToxfFaf6 b]lvg] dgf]/d ce"tk"j{ b[Zox�n] dHh};Fu la;f{OlbPsf lyP . klZrd kl� l;w} dfly p7]sf] ljzfn lzv/sf] tn km]bLd}+ k"jf{led'v  d'lQmgfy dlGb/sf] s]xL tnsf] /fgLkf}jfaf6 b]lvg] cg'kd b[Zon] xfdLnfO{ df]lxt t'NofPsf] lyof] . k"j{�pQ/ tkm{sf] v'nf If]qdf b]lvPsf ljzfn lxdlzv/x� s'g} xftn] 5f]OPnfg\ em}+ nfUy], clt g} glhs � s'g} cfFvfn] /fd|/L 7Dofpg klg d'l:sn, 6f9f===clt 6f9f====� gLnf] cfsfzd'lg b]lvg] :j]twjn lxdr'r'/fx�sf] ;f}Gbo{ cg'kd nfUy]�;B:gftf ;'Gb/Lsf] kfgLdf leh]sf] ;'8f]n z/L/h:t} cfsif{s,nf]Eofpg] � 3fd nflu;s]sf] 5}g, 3fd nfu]/ k|eftL ;"o{ls/0fsf] l;Gb'/L /�df /l�+bf s:tf b]lvPnfg\ oL :j]twjn lxd lzv/sf l;pFbfx� � dnfO{ nfU5, ;+;f/df of]eGbf :juL{o cfgGbsf] dg nf]Eofpg] csf]{ s'g} b[Zo x'g} ;Qm}g, ;f}Gbo{ x'g} ;Qm}g � lxdr'r'/fsf Ps kl5 csf]{ b]lvg] nx/x� k|l;4 k|efjjfbL snfsf/sf] pQd s[lth:t} nfU5 dnfO{ � o:tf] dgf]/d b[Zon] xfdLnfO{ dfq xf]Og, hf]sf]xLnfO{ klg clee"t t'NofO/x]sf] lyof] .

d':tf�b]v]/, d'lQmgfysf] of] ;f}Gbo{ b]v]/ / oxfFsf] cfWoflTds kl/j]z / zflGt b]v]/ dnfO{ lgs} jif{ cufl8 k9]sf] Pp6f pkGof;sf] ;Demgf ePsf] lyof] . h]D; lxN6gsf] n:6 xf]/fOhg\ cyf{t\ x/fPsf] lIflthsf] ;f�\lu|nf cGt st} xf]Og, oxL+ x'g'k5{ , ot} st} x'g'k5{ . lxN6gn] ;f�\lu|nf cyf{t\ ;+f;fl/s / c;+f;fl/s b'a} b[li6df ef]s�Kof;, /f]u�Joflw, b'MMv�si6, dfof�df]xaf6 cnUu} 1fgdo ag]sf] Tof] cnf}lss 7fpF ltAatL k7f/ jf ltAats} st} cf;kf;sf] lxdfnL If]qdf /x]sf]] kl/sNkgf u/]sf lyP cf�gf] pkGof;df . ltAatL k7f/df 3';]/ cfwf lx:;f lxdfn kfl/ /x]sf] of] /x:odo :juL{o cfgGbsf] e"�efu d]/f] d':tf� lxN6gsf] ;f�\lu|nf x'g ;Qm}g / <�d]/f] dgdf o:t} ;f]r pAh]sf] lyof] Tolt v]/ � d':tf�sf cg]sf}+ ulx/f vf]+r / uN5Lx�, u'kmf / cuDo ef}uf]lns ;+/rgfx� leq} klg t x'g;S5 Tof] ;f�\lu|nf � of] ;+:d/0f n]lv/xFbf ev{/} d]/f] cfFvfdf Pp6f hfgsf/L k/]sf] 5� o'/f]k]nL ljz]if1x�sf] ;xof]udf lrlgoFfx�n] lxN6gn] sNkgf u/]sf] ;f�\lu|nf kQf nufP /] � ltAat, od'gf / ;]r'Fjf k|fGtsf] lqj]0fLdf /x]sf] ;'Gb/ l8lSj� pkk|fGt cyf{t\ lk|km]Sr/ g} lxN6gsf] ;f�\lu|nf xf] eGg] pgLx�sf] lgisif{ /x]sf] 5 . Tof] g} ;f�\lu|nf geP klg Tof] h:t} k|lt�k xf] eGg] pgLx�sf] bfjL /x]sf] 5 . uPsf] jif{ cyf{t\ l8;]Da/ !&, @))! Dff rLgn] Tof] lk|km]Sr/sf] gfpF ;f�\lu|nfdf abNof] / oxL jif{sf] dO dlxgfsf] ;'?df ToxL gofF ;f�\lu|nfdf ;f�\lu|nfsf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg]] gfpF lbP/ s'ld�df cGt/f{li6�o ko{6g dxf]T;jsf] ;d]t cfof]hgf u�of] . ko{6s nf]Eofpg] cfhsf] ljZjJofkL xf]8df of] ;f�\lu|nfn] hfb'sf] sfd slt;DDf ug{;Snf, Tof] cf�g} 7fpFdf 5 . Tof] k9]/ d]/f] dgdf plAhPsf] k|Zg eg] Pp6} lyof]�xfdLn] klg of] vf]hL xfdLsxfF g} ug{ ;s]sf] eP x'Fb}gYof] xf]nf / < d]/f] d':tf� s] lxN6gsf] kl/sNkgfsf] ;f�\lu|nf x'g ;Qm}gYof] xf]nf < d]/f] dgdf p7]sf oL k|Zgsf] ;fy{stf slt;Dd /xg ;Snf d eGg ;lSbg, t/ d':tf� / d'lQmgfy b]v]/ dleq oL k|Zg eg] t/l�t eO g} /x] �

xfd|f] 5]j}af6 Ps x'n vRr/ / el/ofx� nfda4 cf]/fnf] nfUb} x'G5g\�emf/sf]6af6 hf]d;f]dtkm{ . lxpF / hf8f] 5Ng lz/b]lv kfp;Dd afSnf 6f]kL / kf]zfsdf 9flsPsf tL el/ofx�sf sk8f ljleGg /�sf 6fnf6'nLdf 6flnP/ gofF l8hfOgsf a'�]]bf/ kf]zfsh:t} nfUy]]�5'6\ofpg} d'l:sn, l8hfOg g} o:t} t xf]Og < pgLx�dWo] sf]xL  emf/sf]6sf nh / xf]6]nx�sf nflu ;fdfg v]Kg hf]d;f]d emb}{ lyP . sf]xL, oxfFsf xf]6]n�nhx�df cufl8af6} :yfg ;'/lIft u/]/ hf]d;f]d cfOk'u]sf ljb]zL ko{6s�kfx'gf / pgLx�sf] ;fdfg cf];fg{ hf]d;f]d tkm{ cf]/fnf] eml//x]sf lyP . tn emb}{ u/]sf tL dWo] s]xLn] 8f]�ofPsf  3f]8f / vRr/df ;fdfgx� 6Dd nflbPsf] b]lvGYof]], sf]xL cf�g} lk7\o'Fdf ef/L nfb]/ lxpFn] cf]l;Psf] d'lQmgfysf] cf]/fnf] eml//x]sf b]lvGy] . ;'lgGYof] lxhf] cfh pgLx�sf] Joj;fodf s]xL dGbL cfPsf] 5 . ljb]zL ko{6sx�sf] cfudg w]/} kftlnP/ pgLx�sf] /f]hL/f]6Ld}+ k|lts"n c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 . d'n'se/ g} JofKt czflGt / lx+;f�xTofsf] c;/n] o:tf ko{6sx�sf] g]kfn cfudg cToGt kftlng' :jfefljs lyof] . of] kL8f d':tf�n] dfq xf]Og, ko{6s nf]EofP/ hLjg wfGg] xfd|f w]/} 7fpFn] ef]u]sf] ;femf kL8f lyof] of] . d':tf� cfpg] ko{6s klg log} sf/0fn] kftlng' c:jfefljs lyPg . s]xL jif{ cl3;Dd of] ;do ljb]zL�:jb]zL ofqLn] 5kSs} 9flsg] d':tf� s]xL jif{ otfb]lv l/Qf]�l/Qf] b]lvg yfn]sf] 5, xf]6]n�nhsf sf]7fx� k|foM l/Qf g} /x]sf 5g\ .

s]xL l5g cl3;Dd oxfFsf] ;f}Gbo{ / cg'kd k|fs[lts 56faf6 cfNxflbt eP/ ;f�\lu|nfsf] vf]hLdf ef}+tfl/Psf] d]/f] dg tL el/ofx�nfO{ b]v] kl5 e/� x'g k'u]sf] lyof] . cfkm}+;Fu k|Zg u/]sf] lyof] d]/f] dgn]]�d]/} hlt ;f}Gbof{af]w ug{;Snfg\ tL oxfFsf :yfgLo dflg;x�n] < of] ;f}Gbo{sf] cg'e"lt lng] ;do / pT;fx slt xf]nf ltgLx�;Fu < Psdfq afFRg] ;fwg ljb]zL�:jb]zL ko{6ssf] cfjfudg / ltgsf ;]jfsf nflu cfjZos a:t'x�sf] 9'jfgLdf lge{/ d':tf�sf d]/f tL g]kfnL efOaGw'x� Tof] ;w}+sf] lxpF s7\of�\lu|g] hf8f]df, v]tLkftL z"Gok|foM e"efudf afFRgsf nflu cxf]/fq ug'{kg]{ ;�\3if{nfO{ e'n]/ s] d}n] h:t} ;f}Gbo{af]w ug{ ;Snfg\ < d]/f] dgn] s;} u/] klg o;sf] hjfkm ;sf/fTds km]nf kfg{ ;s]sf] lyPg .

cl3Nnf] /ft k|sfz nhdf a:bf nhsf dflns :yfgLo JolQm 5]jf�\ cf�df u'?� / pgsL kTgL;Fu lgs} s'/fsfgL ePsf] lyof] xfd|f] . pgLx�af6 kfPsf] hfgsf/L afx]s  ToxL nhdf sfd ;3fP/ ToxL+ /ft latfpg cfPsf nh dflnSgLsf gft]bf/ b'O{hgf cfgL cyf{t\ af}4 leIf'0fLx�af6 c� yk hfgsf/L kfPsf lyof+} xfdLn] . xfdLn] kfPsf hfgsf/Ln] d/f] dgn] d;Fu u/]sf k|Zgsf] ;sf/fTds xf]Og, gsf/fTds hjfkms} k'i6L u/]sf lyP . jif{sf] rf/ dlxgf k"/} lxpFdf 9flsP/ e"ldut hLjg latfpg afWo d':tf� dh:tf bz{gfyL{ ko{6sx�sf nflu cf�gf] dfbs ;f}Gbo{n]  nf]Eofpg hlt ;kmn 5, cfsif{s 5, Tolt g} ToxL+ a;]/ hLjg u'hfg'{ kg]{x�sf nflu si6s/ klg � d s]xL lbg 3'dlkm/ ug]{nfO{ nf]Eofpg] o;sf] b'�x / b'u{d e"agf]6 ToxfFsf afl;Gbfsf] hLjgofkgsf nflu lgZro klg ;xh / ;xof]uL 5}g � of] d]/f] cg'dfg lyof] / d]/f] cg'dfg ;ToeGbf w]/} 6f9f 5}g eGg] dnfO{ k"/} ljZjf; lyof]  . af6f] / ;~rf/sf] ;'ljwfsf] cefjn] cfkm"n] kmnfPsf ;'g em}+ ;'Gb/ ;'gf}nf dL7f :ofp dfq xf]Og aGbsf]eL, d'nf, ufh/h:tf pTkfbgx�sf] ;d]t pgLx� sf}8Lsf] df]n kfpg ;Qm}gg\ .+ 3f]8f, vRr/, ufO{a:t' / e]8f�afv|fnfO{ v'jfP/ pkof]u ug{ afWo 5g\ pgLx� cf�gf pTkfbg . To;}n] pgLx� sd;]sd hf]d;f]d;Ddsf] df]6/ af6f]sf] ;kgf a'G5g\, ToxL ;kgf cf]9\5g\ / ToxL cf]R5\ofP/ s]xL eP klg ;'vL eljiosf] aL/an lvr8L ksfpF5g\, jt{dfgsf] ef]s d]6\5g\ . t/ ;kgf ;kg} xf], lgs6 eljiodf Tof] ljkgf aG5 eGg] :jod\ pgLx�nfO{ g} ljZjf; 5}g, cfzf 5}g . em'6} eP klg eljiosf nflu b]lvg] To:tf ;kgf hLjg ;+3if{nfO{ lg/fzfsf] ctn ;fu/af6  arfpg] Pp6f cfwf/ aGg] u/]sf] 5 pgLx�sf nflu . d[ud/Llrsf g} eP klg d?e"ldsf] ofqfnfO{ s]xL a]/;Dd cufl8 n}hfg ;xof]u k'�ofpg] Pp6f d[ut[i0ff klg xf] of] ;kgf, cfzfjflbtf � dfgj ;Eotfsf] nfdf] ofqfsf nlu cfjZos kfy]o klg xf] of], cfzfsf] slxNo} glgEg] lklNkn] Hof]lt � dfgj ;Eotfsf] si6s/ nfdf] ofqfnfO{ s]xL eP klg ;xh t'Nofpg ;fob o:tf ;kgf ;xof]uL x'g] u5{g\ �

dnfO{ d':tf� k|j]zsf] k|f/Deb]lv g} b'O{ ljk/Lt cj:yfsf] r/d cg'e"lt eO/x]sf] lyof] . hf]d;f]db]lv d'lQmgfy;Ddsf] of] ofqfdf dnfO{ slxn] nfUYof], d':tf� xf]6]n / nhx�sf] cfw'lgs hLjgdf r'n'{Dd} 8'a]sf] 5 � s] 5}g oxfF, cfw'lgs ;Eo hLjg / ;+;f/sf  ;'ljwfef]usf ofjt\ j:t'x� � vr{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf dfq} x'g'k5{, ;a} cfw'lgs ;f]v;onsf ;fwgx� pknAw 5g\ . slxn] eg] nfUYof], o;n] k|fUf\P]ltxfl;s k'/ftgaf6 cem} d'lQm kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g, af}4 u'?, cfgL / leIf'x�sf] /x:o /f]df~rsf] ;fu/df 8'a]/ �cf]d dl0fkb\d] x"F�sf] dGq;fwgfd}+ km';{t 5}g d':tf�nfO{ �  k|frLg pkrf/k4lt / o;sf k|of]Qmf cfDrLx�s} ltn:dLdf rf+}/L, vRr/ / e]8fx�sf] nfd;Fu} hLjg latfpgd} km';{t 5}g d':tf�nfO{ �

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