A
gestalt Theory on the nature of light and related phenomena:
by Dilip D James M.A., A .T.C.L ( Lond)
Venus in transit
A gestalt Theory on the nature of light and related phenomena:
by Dilip D James M.A., A .T.C.L ( Lond)
This year marks the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein’s discovery of the photoelectric effect and as a consequence of this , the elementary particle representing light and electromagnetic radiation which we now call the photon. The discovery of the photon re-awoke the dispute between followers of Sir Isaac Newton and Christian Hugyens , while Newton held the view that light consisted of a shower of particles , Hugyens thought of light as a wave. Faced with apparently incontrovertible evidence from both parties , scientists eventually settled on the view that light was both a wave and a particle , in a theory that came to be known as wave particle duality , with the understanding that light could never possess both properties simultaneously.
Now a new theory called the “Gestalt Theory of light and related phenomenon” has been formulated which might at last satisfy the followers of both Newton and Hugyens . This theory states that light is in fact a symbiosis of a particle and a wave based on the fact that high frequency sound waves , for instance , behave under certain circumstances like particles , as for example when used in medical science for the elimination of kidney stones and at other times as waves, as for instance when they undergo diffraction and interference.
Basing their research on the properties of the photon , and extrapolating these facts in a sequenced manner , the Gestalt Theory came up with a structure of the photon which according to them , not only satisfies all of the properties exhibited by the photon but also serves to unify many phenomenon which are at present attributed to different causative factors , hence the term Gestalt Theory.
Given below are some of the properties of the photon:-
1) The photon is a particle with no
rest mass.
2) Photons
always travel at the speed of light they are never at rest.
3)
Photons possess both wave like properties and particle like properties.
4) A photon’s
wave length is related to its frequency by the relation : w = c/f
5) There are
innumerable photon frequencies and wave-lengths , thus photons
wave-lengths can be as small as or smaller than ( 10 -12 m) and as large as , or larger than (10
6 m)
6) A photon
never loses its energy (identity) it is either absorbed or continues to
travel at the speed of light with its
original energy intact.
7) Photon’s are always emitted and absorbed by
electrons , even when they originate in the annihilation of the nucleus..
8) All forms
of heat and light energy are transferred by photons , with the exception of
electricity which is transferred by electrons.
9) The photon
is a neutral particle it carries no charge.
The proponents of Gestalt Theory eventually came up with the hypotheses that since the electron is a charged particle it was logical to expect that what the electron was in fact emitting and absorbing were pulses of electrical energy.
and that these pulses of electrical energy underwent polarization resulting in a solenoidal electromagnetic field being formed around the pulses of energy , this claims Gestalt Theory is the basic structure of the photon.
Thus the photon model proposed by Gestalt theory , since it resembles a capacitor , would have the capacity to store energy almost indefinitely. Given below is an illustration of the photon with its electromagnetic field.
Gestalt Theory points out that such a structure would fulfill all the attributes of the photon such as its lack of mass , its ability to preserve its energy almost indefinitely and the fact that it carries no charge , it is electrically neutral. This structure would be capable of storing and delivering up energy , which is the main function of the photon. This is the first part of the equation on the propagation of electromagnetic waves . The second half involves the resurrection of an idea that has been dead for almost two hundred years , namely that of an aether. Gestalt Theory claims that an aether consisting of “virtual” photons permeates the whole Universe. It has been proven by experiment ( Lamb shift )that all matter is continually emitting and absorbing “virtual” photons. “Virtual” particles are particles which have such low energies or life spans that they are able to flout the Laws of Conservation.
Thus according to Gestalt Theory the whole of the Universe is permeated with “virtual” photons which because of the photon structure postulated equates to a weak electromagnetic type of aether. Thus the aether consists of infinitesimal 8 x 10 –7 solenoidal points which are oriented at random. All matter would be completely permeable to an aether with these properties. “Virtual” photons because of their extremely low energy would pass through atoms without being absorbed. In the presence of a real photon the “virtual” photons of the aether line up in the direction of propagation of the real photon forming a line whose end rests on infinity , the energy of the real photon is transported along this line of virtual photons.
Given these two criteria , the existence of an aether composed of “virtual” photons and the solenoidal structure of the photon, Gestalt theory claims that all physical phenomenon to do with light and electromagnetism , including , electricity , magnetism , super conductivity and even gravity can be explained in a single unified theory.
Strangely enough , the idea of an aether seems to be gaining ground. Quantum mechanics , the same discipline which had at one time trashed the idea of an aether , has come up with its own version of an aether consisting of quantum entangled pairs which are formed out of pairs of linked electrons and positrons which since they represent matter and anti matter are constantly undergoing creation and annihilation. This aether , according to QM permeates the whole Universe. It should be noted here that the quantum entangled pair type of aether postulated by Quantum Mechanics is also essentially a “virtual” photon aether , since “virtual” photons are the causative and end factor in the creation and annihilation process of electron-positron pairs. Thus both schools of thought ( i.e . the Gestalt theory and Quantum mechanics ) postulate the existence of a “virtual” photon type of aether , although the manner in which this “virtual” photon aether came into existence differs in the two theories.
In a seemingly bizarre mix-up of facts it turns out that the Theory of Wave particle duality is irreconcilable with the idea of an aether. The two theories are mutually exclusive , if one accepts one theory it means that the other is wrong and vice versa. For instance in the Double Slit experiment , the existence of an aether would account for the interference pattern , without having to resort to the wave particle duality of sub-atomic particles . On the other hand if wave particle duality were false , the only alternative would be to postulate the existence of an aether. This is more important than it appears for it means that for the first time the infallibility of wave-particle duality which is one of the corner stones of Quantum mechanics comes into question. Proponents of Quantum Mechanics conveniently ignore the fact that the presence of an aether effectively negates the findings of the Double Slit Experiment , which is an experiment that is conducted to show that sub-atomic particles have the ability to disassociate ( i.e., be in two places at once) and so pass through both slits simultaneously , which to a large extent underpins the Theory of Wave particle duality, preferring instead to ignore the subject.
A key concept in the Gestalt theory of light is that of limiting the size of the longest wave-length photon that an electron can emit. Present theories hold that low energy electromagnetic radiation like radio waves are emitted by reason of the jiggling or oscillation of atoms and ions within an electrical conductor , while high energy electromagnetic radiation such as light and x-rays are directly emitted by electrons. The problem with this theory is that some radio waves , like those due to a 60 Hz ac current are more than 5 km in length. The question is how can the oscillation of an ion with a size of 10-10 m result in a wave which is 5 x 106 m in length? Further this huge 5 x 106 m wave length possesses all the properties of a normal photon , it travels at the speed of light , retains its energy etc., how can two such identical phenomena (i.e high energy light waves and low energy radio waves) be attributed to two different causative factors? The Gestalt theory states that there is a limit to the longest wave-length photon that an electron can emit and that the size of this wave-length is about 8 x 10-7 m which is just on the border of the longest wave-length of visible light. Since electrons have been seen to emit and absorb photons with a wave-length of 7 x 10-7 m this seems to be an acceptable conclusion. So how do large wave lengths form ? The Gestalt theory answer to this is that all electromagnetic waves greater than 8 x 10-7 m in wave length are composite waves , i.e they are made up of joined or connected photons. This joining up of photons is made possible because of their solenoidal structure and can take place in two orientations ; in series or in parallel.
.
The largest photon
wave length which an electron can emit is also , according to the Gestalt
theory , the photon which carries electrical energy and hence has been named
the “conduction “ photon. Light when it travels through substances such as
glass , crystal or water uses a method called “photon conduction” to pass through the substance , photons being rapidly absorbed and emitted during
its passage. Yet when it comes to the
conduction of electrical energy it is believed that it is electrons that serve
to conduct electrical energy. Thus although every other form of energy related
to electrons such as radiation and heat is mediated by photons , an exception
is at present made in the case of electricity . Photons according to quantum
mechanics cannot exist within a conductor due to the provisions of the Pauli
Exclusion principle. Yet there are many facts which mitigate against this
theory , electrons in a conductor have
a drift velocity of 10-3 cms /sec while the current is seen to be
established at approx the speed of light or 3 x 10 10 cms/secs. ( three billion
millimeters a second), this is a huge
discrepancy , how is it possible to rationalize this inconsistency ? The
commonly held theory is :
“that electrons in a metal travel only
slowly but that they can transmit a fast electromagnetic wave by
"nudging" their neighbours . To this one can only state that… The
size of an electron is not known, but it is presumably much smaller than an
atomic nucleus, which is about a millionth of a nanometre. That is, the
electrons are spaced apart by more than 100,000 times their diameter. “
So how exactly is
electrical energy conveyed ? In all
other cases of energy transfer , it is
photons that actually transfer the energy , exciting electrons in the atoms in which they are absorbed and raising
their energy levels , giving rise to heat and other types of energy. Yet when
it comes to electrical energy it is held that it is electrons which are the
causative factor in the transfer of
energy. Even in the case of cathode ray tubes or television sets , which is
frequently quoted as the ultimate proof of electrons as charge carriers , it is true that electrons are used to excite
the phosphor atoms of the screen , but here it is their kinetic energy which is
responsible for the excitation of the phosphor atoms resulting in the emission
of photons which we perceive as light and not the ‘electrical’ charge of the
electrons which results in the excitation. The electrons used in cathode ray
tubes are accelerated to high
velocities before they reach the phosphor screen, a little thought shows that
it could not possibly be the kinetic energy of electrons which is responsible
for electrical energy in an electrical conductor , since they are moving at an
average speed of only hundredths of a
millimeter a second and would thus lack any significant kinetic energy.
Could this premise , that it is
electrons which convey electrical energy ,
which has held sway for more than two hundred years , be wrong ?
Thus although electrons are responsible for uneven charge
distribution which is responsible for
the generation of potential difference , it is unlikely that electrons convey actual electrical energy. Electrical
energy according to the Gestalt Theory is conveyed by “conduction” photons. To elaborate on this theory , it must be
assumed that some sort of force applied to a conductor such as friction or heat
, gives rise to a redistribution of charges ( electrons) resulting in a
potential difference , which in turn gives rise to “conduction “ photons of relatively low energies ( 1.4 eV approx)
being emitted by the excited electrons of the atoms of the conductor. These
“conduction “ photons travel through the conductor , being absorbed and emitted
by free electrons , or electrons in the outer orbit of the atoms , in the conductor in much the same way that
light travels through glass , moving through the conductor at near the speed of
light. The “conduction” photons originate at the positive end of the conductor
and travel through the conductor in the manner above described , at the
negative pole they are either absorbed and give up their energy , or
alternatively if they are not absorbed , leave the conductor at the negative
pole and loop back to the positive pole by traveling along lines of “virtual”
photons ( the aether) which orient
themselves in the direction of the “conduction” photons travel , giving rise to the characteristic lines of force
that are observed around a conductor carrying an electrical current. Why does this happen ? Consider the
situation of a free electron within the conductor which has just emitted a
“conduction” photon , it is traveling within the vast interstitial spaces of
the crystal lattice of the conductor , far from any atoms from which it can make up the energy it has lost
, it has an urgent need to replace the lost energy by immediately re-absorbing
a photon of similar energy. The emitted “conduction” photons are in a similar
quandary , they need to be absorbed by an electron missing exactly the energy
value they possess. The closest
electrons missing such energies are within the conductor , however due to the
forces flowing within the conductor , it is not possible for the “conduction”
photons to immediately re-enter the
conductor at any point , they have to loop back to the negative end , or
similar points along the conductors length, thereby giving rise to the lines of
force.SeeFiga. a
In reality an electrical current flowing in a wire is always part of a circuit and so represents the interaction of two solenoidal fields . The solenoidal field caused by the flow of current in a wire between the positive and negative poles and the solenoidal field due to the flow of current from the negative to the positive pole of the EMF source. Since the two currents are flowing opposite to each other they diminish each other , tending to cancel out. Thus the field around a wire carrying an electrical current is not as represented in the simple schematic above which represents a solenoidal field like that found around a bar magnet but rather the field as would be found between two bar magnets placed side by side north pole to south pole , or the field around a circular magnet . This is the reason that magnetic lines of force around a wire carrying a current appear to be at right angles to the wire.
Now consider what happens when the “current” or (EMF) is switched off or the polarity changed , the photons can no longer have access to electrons within the conductor they therefore re-orient themselves in a parallel formation ( as explained earlier ) and , no longer connected to the conductor , leave the vicinity at the speed of light in search of other electrons which can absorb them.
Thus according to Gestalt theory , photons are not symptoms of electromagnetic radiation as had previously been thought to be the case but are in fact the causative and formative factors giving rise to electromagnetic radiation of low frequency.
The diagram above illustrates the difference between inductive fields where the photons making up the lines of force are connected in series and the radiative field where the photons undergo a change in orientation and are linked in parallel. It should be noted that when photons are linked in parallel the energy of a single conduction photon is distributed amongst all the Photons in the wave , thus the parallel formation has less energy than when the photons are connected in series.
According to Gestalt theory the huge
discrepancy between the speed of electrons accelerated in a field outside a
conductor and within a conductor , (i.e., a free electron between two plates
having a potential difference will travel between the plates at high
velocities , while an electron in a
wire the two ends of which are under a potential difference will travel at
speeds of fractions of a centimeter a second ) can be explained. The detailed and accurate work carried out on the manner of bonding
of atoms in a crystal lattice , serves to explain not only why electrons travel
only slowly in an electrical conductor
but also explains how two identical atoms , can because of the manner in
which they are bonded into crystalline formations have completely different
electrical and physical properties. To take one instance the element Carbon ,
exists in two allotropic forms that of diamond which has a DC ( Diamond Cubic )
crystalline structure and Graphite which has a weak inter sheet bonding type of
crystalline structure. While diamond is an insulator , Graphite is an
electrical conductor , although both of these forms consist of identical Carbon
atoms. Thus electrical conductivity depends not only on the structure of the
atom concerned but also on the manner in which these atoms are bonded together
in the crystalline structure of metals. Thus most good conductors of
electricity , such as silver , copper and aluminum have the same crystalline
structure , namely an FCC ( Front Centered Cubic) crystalline structure. In
this structure the atoms are closely packed together allowing free movement of
electrons. Under the influence of a difference of potential an electron is
freed from an atom and emits a “conduction “ photon which is a low energy
photon of about 1.4 eV , this
“conduction” photon proceeds rapidly through the conductor at near the speed of
light through alternate absorptions and emissions by free electrons , in the
meantime the original electron almost immediately re-absorbs another “conduction” photon , this results in the
movement “ drift “ of the electron in
the direction of the “field” or difference of potential. In good electrical
conductors such as silver, aluminum and copper most of the emissions and
absorptions take place in free electrons , this results in less resistance and
heat. Electrical conductors possessing a FCC structure are paramagnetic.
In other conductors such as iron ,
nickel and tungsten the crystalline structure is of the BCC ( Body Centred Cubic
) type , in this structure the atoms are comparatively loosely packed , with
fewer free or valence electrons available. In this situation the “conduction”
photons are emitted and absorbed by loosely bound electrons in the lattice ,
resulting in greater resistance and release of heat. For this reason almost all
the conductors having a BCC structure are ferromagnetic.
Similarly most insulators have a Diamond
cubic structure or a hexagonal close
packed structure while semi-conductors are either diamond cubic or Hexagonal
close packed in structure.
Thus
the present extant theory which states that electricity is conveyed by
electrons , the electrons alternately bumping into ions in the crystal lattice
and slowing down and then being accelerated by the field due to the potential difference , is not accurate.
Electrical energy is conveyed by photons.
To sum up Gestalt Theory states that, high frequency ,
high energy , short wave length photons are emitted by electrons and proceed to
move away from the electron at the speed of light along lines of aligned
“virtual” photons , while low energy low frequency , long wave length photons
such as radio waves , are composite waves made up of linked together photons ,
but also have all the characteristic and properties of high energy photons, these low energy
photons are initially bound to the electrons in the conductor but on their
release re-orient themselves in parallel formation and move away from the conductor
at the speed of light.
Magnetism
According to present
Quantum Theory Magnetism is due to the
spin and orbital motion of electrons in
atoms , as a result of this
atoms in which no vacancies are present have no magnetic properties ,
since the spin on the electrons would cancel out , it is only atoms in which
vacancies are present that magnetic phenomenon can be observed. , since in this
case the spin is reinforced. However ,
there is something about this theory of magnetism that seems familiar and if we
think about it the answer soon comes to mind. This is exactly the theory
proposed by Henri Lorentz , Maxwell and
other scientists to explain the origin of electromagnetic radiation , this is
the same theory that led to the Ultra Violet catastrophe and subsequently
to Planck’s discovery that
electromagnetic energy is radiated in discrete amounts and not as a continuous
frequency. It is held that it is not so
much the electrons orbit around the nucleus that contributes to magnetism so much as the spin of the
electron . This does nothing to explain
why if the spin of the electron can be responsible for magnetism , the
orbit of the electron around the nucleus cannot be responsible for
electromagnetism ! The reason , of
course , is that we already know that electromagnetic energy comes in discrete
units i.e., it is emitted in discrete packets of energy which are termed
photons . Low frequency electromagnetic radiation is according to extant theory
not supposed to originate in electrons at all , but in the jiggling or
oscillation of atoms and ions. As can be seen the present quantum theory is
very complicated involving no less than three different causes in order to
explain what is more or less the same phenomenon. Thus although it has been proved that electromagnetic radiation (
including radio waves ) comes in discrete units , magnetism which is
indistinguishable from electromagnetism
comes in the form of a continuous radiation. Is this possible ,
or even plausible ?
Gestalt Theory
states that there is no separate phenomena which can be called magnetism ,
there is only electromagnetism ,
this electromagnetism , whether
it is in the form of an electromagnetic field around a wire carrying a current
or the “magnetic” field around a permanent magnet , is due to the flow of “conduction” photons. Thus the phenomenon of
magnetism is due solely to the nature of the material through which the
“conduction” photons are flowing. In materials like iron or steel , the
conduction photons are passed from electron to electron in the outer orbits of
the atoms , this makes it possible for the flow of “conduction” photons to be stabilized , the same electrons being
repeatedly involved in the emission and absorption process. In this way the
“magnetic” field is maintained even when the current is turned off , since the
process is self sustaining. The conduction photons continuing to flow from
electron to electron in the outer orbits of the atoms of the magnet , leaving
the magnet at the North pole and re-entering the magnet at the South pole
thereby forming the “magnetic” field. Since every electron emitting a
photon in such an arrangement has its own dedicated photon , it is not possible
to draw current from such a system because the system is neutral, no difference
of potential exists to be exploited ,
there are no excess photons or electrons. Magnetism is made possible because of the comparatively stable
nature of the manner in which the “conduction “ photons flow through and
around the conductor. Materials in
which this phenomenon is observed correspond to ferromagnetics. In other
materials such as copper or aluminum , the “conduction” photons are passed on
mainly by free electrons within the conductor , this means that no formation is
possible after the current is switched off and that these materials can be
considered non-magnetic , i.e they do not display the property of magnetism.
Such materials are known as para-magnetics. Yet other materials , when subjected to an external field ,
display the same characteristics as di-electrics , the atoms of the material do
not conduct electricity but are polarised , thus seeming to form an internal
field opposed to the external field such materials correspond to diamagnetics.
All permanent magnetism
is due to a flow of current through the material which then displays residual
magnetism. Thus there is no difference between the electromagnetic field around
a wire carrying a current and the “magnetic” field around a conductor , both
fields , as shown by Oersted , are
exactly the same , yet the field around a wire carrying a current is said to be
due to the oscillation of ions within the crystal lattice while the field
around a permanent magnet is said to be due to the motion of the electron
around the atom and the spin of the electron. Once again there is a schism ,
two identical and indistinguishable phenomenon have been attributed to two
distinct causative factors.
Superconductivity
The significant
feature of superconductivity as proposed by Gestalt theory is that it is
possible given the nature of electrical energy as enumerated in the gestalt
theory for the field to be contained
wholly within the conductor. In ordinary manifestation of magnetism , there is always a north and
south pole , a super conducting magnet has no north or south pole . A current
in the form of conduction photons is flowing within the super conductor ,
however since this current forms a full circle , there is no definite negative or positive point , the current
flows in a continuous circle of conduction photons . This means that there is
no need for the conduction photons to leave the conductor at any point in order
to re-enter the conductor in order to be absorbed by a free electron ,
thus there will be no electromagnetic
field around the super conductor. The whole cycle takes place in a continuous
manner within the conductor. However , parallel connections with the “virtual”
photons of the aether can still take place , resulting in an electromagnetic
field having no negative/positive orientation. This explains the diamagnetism
manifested by super conductors , an external electromagnetic field will appear
to be ejected from the super conductor.
The present
theory of super conductivity states
that at very low temperatures electrons can link together to form cooper pairs
, this is a highly controversial idea, since the natural repulsion experienced
by electrons is one of the strongest forces in nature. Gestalt theory states
that at very low temperatures electrons within the conductor display far less
mobility , as has been shown in bose-einstein condensation , this means that
conduction photons are able to move from electron to electron in a very stable
manner , establishing a stable current which can exist almost infinitely and
accompanied by the peculiar , neutral ( i.e., having no positive or negative
poles ) electromagnetic field described earlier.
Gravity:
Ever since Galileo
first demonstrated the concept of
inertial mass by showing that all objects are attracted to the earth at the
same rate, scientists have been fascinated by the concept that a heavy iron
ball and a feather (in a vacuum) when released from a fixed height , take the
same time to fall to earth. Newton was able to explain the effects of gravity but
was not able to throw any light on what gravity actually was. Now finally with
the proposition of the concept of a
weak electromagnetic aether , the working of gravity finally begins to make
sense.
The gravitational force
is extremely weak , it is in fact one of the weakest forces known in nature ,
being a fantastic 10 39 times weaker than the electromagnetic force. Yet it is the force of gravity which eventually
shapes everything in the Universe. Gravity has the ability to act over huge
distances.
The experiment known as
the Lamb shift has shown that all electrons are continually absorbing and
emitting “virtual” photons. It follows that atoms with a greater atomic weight
(i.e., those atoms having a greater number of constituent parts and therefore a
greater number of electrons) would show evidence of a higher degree of
“virtual” photons activity than atoms with a lower atomic number. We must
assume that although “virtual” photons emitted by electrons in the atom possess
low energies they still possess enough energy to align the “Virtual” photons of
the aether. This means that the emission and absorption of “virtual” photons
within the atom results in a constant
on/off alignment of the “virtual” photons of the aether. This results in a weak
force of attraction , since the electromagnetic force is an attractive force.
Based on this theory we can now understand the concept of inertial mass and the
problem which had mystified both Galileo and Newton , namely how the concept of
inertial mass works. When an iron ball
and a feather in a vacuum are both poised at a certain height above the earth ,
the “virtual” photon activity within the iron is far greater than the “virtual”
photon activity in the feather , consequently the iron ball experiences a
greater force of attraction away from the earth than the feather does , exactly
balancing out the difference in their weight , similarly the earth experiences
a greater attraction towards the iron ball than it does to the feather with the
result that both objects fall to the earth at the same time. This very briefly
is the Gestalt theory of Gravity.
It has been seen
that as promised Gestalt theory has delivered a single unified theory to
explain all the concepts to do with light and related phenomena. The
mathematics of Gestalt Theory is simple , elegant and accurate.
Conclusion:
In general a sound scientific theory is one which reflects nature. A few basic precepts should be applicable over a wide range of related phenomenon. To take one notable instance , the building blocks of the vast Universe of which our Galaxy forms just a small part , consist of a mere 100 different types of atoms . Diverse combinations of these atoms give rise to everything in the Universe. Similarly the amazing varieties of life forms we see on earth are based on variations of simple DNA sequences involving no more than four basic amino acids. A scientific theory should therefore contain within itself the capacity for repetition , at the same time giving rise , by means of these repetitions or iterations , to innumerable variations so that it emulates the pattern set by nature.
A theory which is fragmented does not succeed in fulfilling this objective since the origins of similar or related phenomenon cannot be attributed to a common causative effect using such fragmented theories but are split into a multiplicity of causative effects to explain what is essentially the same phenomenon.
At present numerous contradictions exist both in the
implementation and explanation of
various phenomena , often two separate theories are used to explain the
working of a single phenomenon . This is bad physics , to use an analogy , it
is like trying to attribute the distance a ball is projected with the person
who is throwing the ball , if the ball is thrown by an amateur it travels a
lesser distance than when thrown by a professional. Although this might appear
to be both a logical and reasonable
statement , it is not an accurate
representation of the facts, numerous causes can be attributed to account for
the distance the ball travels. It is not until the concept of force is
introduced that a uniform explanation is found , the distance that the ball
travels under a given set of circumstances depends upon the force used to
propel it. This covers all possible conditions and makes no difference if the
ball had been propelled out of a canon or if it had been merely pushed. Yet
fundamental errors of this sort are to be found throughout present day physics. Scientists are in
almost Universal agreement that remedial work is necessary in order to evolve a
more coherent and unified theory of physics.
Gestalt theory offers such a
Unified Theory.
Dilip D James
“Arden Villa”,
St. Ann’s Rd.
Ootacamund 643 001
Nilgiris: S. India
Ph: 2443284 or 9894315543