BioFertiliser

Bacillus thuringiensis 
Beauveria bassiana 
Verticillium lecani 
Metarhizium anisoplae 
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) 
Neembased sprays 

Rhizobium     
Azobacter      
Vermicompost
PSB              
PGR              

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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a naturally occurring, soil borne organism that has gained popularity recently for its ability to control certain insect pests in a natural, environmentally friendly manner.

Bt is considered ideal for pest management because of its specificity to certain pests. Also it is non toxic to human beings and natural enemies of many crop pests. More than 150 insects, mostly lepidopterous larvae, are known to be susceptible to B.t.var kurstaki.

Bt is effective in controlling insects in their larval stage only. Damage to the crop is maximum during the larval stage of insects. At this stage of life cycle, the larvae or the caterpillars feed on the plant parts voraciously. Hence, if Bt enters into its system during this stage, it is most effective in killing the insect.

Bt is applied to the foliage of infested plants. Generally application of Bt is recommended on the under surface of the leaves for two reasons:

        I.            Most larvae feed from the underside of the leaf surface.

     II.            Bt is broken down faster in sunlight. Application to the underside of the leaf surface prolongs its activity. High temperatures do not have any adverse effect on Bt.

After Bt spores are ingested by larvae, the bacteria grow and produce crystalline toxins. The crystalline toxin paralyses the digestive tract of larvae causing it to cease further eating. Death of the insect follows in 12 hours to 5 days after ingestion. This depends on the amount of Bt ingested, the size and variety of the larvae.

Bt var kurstaki controls Helicoverpa and other bollworms on cotton, tomato fruitworms, diamond back moth, cabbage looper, Spodoptera on various crops, chili pod borers, and many other caterpillars. Bt var israelensis can control mosquitoes and black flies.
Bt has gained popularity because of its distinct advantages over other pesticides viz:

1.      Bt toxin is active only in alkaline conditions as found in insect guts. It is safe for human beings and higher animals.

2.      Bt can be used right upto harvest unlike other chemical pesticides.

3.      Beneficial and non target insects are not killed by Bt as it is effective only against a certain class of insects (viz. Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera etc.).

4.      Insects that die from Bt infection do not pose any danger to birds or other animals feeding upon them.

5.      Bt does not pose any danger to crops on which it is sprayed. It also does not harm the surrounding environment.

6.      Little or no resistance has been reported to date.

Bt is compatible with most insecticides, acaricides, fungicides and plant growth regulators. It is not compatible with captafol, dinocap, alkaline sprays or micronutrients (3).

Integrating Bt with Trichogramma wasps.
Field studies conducted during 1996 and 1997 for testing the effectiveness of Bt alone and in combination with Trichogramma egg parasites showed that the latter was more effective in controlling tomato and cabbage caterpillars. Hence, Bt is an ideal component of IPM.

Bt is also compatible with Neem based pesticides. Bt with neem pesticides, NPV and Trichogramma provide a complete package for eco-friendly method of controlling insect.

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2. Beauveria bassiana

Beauveria bassiana for control of lepidopteran caterpillar pests of vegetables and fruit plants, mites and red spidermites of vegetables and ornamental plants, whiteflies of vegetables, coffee pod borer and colorado beetles of potato and vegetables.

3. Verticillium lecani

Verticillium lecani for control of whiteflies, aphids, mites, spidermites and thrips of various crops, particularly vegetables, oilseeds, cotton & tobacco & coccids of coffee.

4. Metarhizium anisoplae

META-PROTECT is a new kind of termite control product. META-PROTECT utilizes a naturally occurring soil fungus called Metarhizium anisopliae to attack termites where they are a problem and where they live. It comes as a 50% wettable powder in an easy to store and easy to use pouch. BIOSTOP is used as a direct treatment to active termites. META-PROTECT must be applied directly to termites and to as many of them as possible.

What is Metarhizium?
The specific fungus used in META-PROTECT is known as Metarhizium anisopliae. It can be found in soil throughout the world. Metarhizium has the ability to attack and kill insects. We have tested the isolate of Metarhizium used in META-PROTECT in many different ways to assess its safety to people and other (non-insect) animals. It was found to be safe to other animals and humans.

How does Metarhizium kill termites ?
The Metarhizium fungus is a contact termiticide. The spores of the fungus must come into direct contact with the termite. It has no effect by ingestion or vapor. The spores of the fungus can actually be spread from exposed termites to unexposed termites. This allows the fungus to be spread through the colony killing additional termites.

BIOSTOP Do's and Dont's!!
Do's
*Use META-PROTECT to treat all your termite infestation problems.
*Use sufficiently high quantity to eliminate the whole colony of termites.
*Use in conjunction with a chemical barrier treatment if desired but wait a week after META-PROTECT treatment to use the chemical. META-PROTECT can be altered with chemical treatments, but it is advisable to wait for a week between the treatments for best results.
Dont's
*Don't store META-PROTECT pouch in direct sunlight.
*Don't store META-PROTECT pouch open.
*Don't store water suspensions of META-PROTECT.
*Don't apply META-PROTECT merely in the vicinity of termites. It must be applied directly to the termites.
*Don't spray inside the mud tubes, spray into mud tubes. Don't spray onto wood, spray directly into galleries.
*Don't spray onto a few individual termites. Find a main concentration of termites and apply saturating amounts of product directly onto them and their tubes and galleries.
*Don't apply to excessively wet environments
*Don't tank mix with chemicals.

Trials using Metarhizium conidia as a repellent have been carried out. The conidia are mixed with soil to repel termites and prevent damage to susceptible timber. Conidia gave protection of up to 3 years in cool, dry conditions, but only protection of 6 months in tropical conditions.

Experiments are being conducted to test the efficacy of the product for control of cockroaches with encouraging results.

5. Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)

NPV is an insect virus used controlling difficult insects pests. Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus does not infect higher life forms. It is effective where other pesticides have failed.

Two specific products of NPV are available, called HelioKiller and BioKiller. Both NPVs are safe, effective, eco-friendly and work where other chemicals have failed to work.

The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus,(NPV). These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish, or even on non-target insects. This is especially desirable when beneficial insects are being conserved to aid in an overall IPM program, or when an ecologically sensitive area is being treated. The USDA Forest Service currently uses the gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdNPV) to aerially spray thousands of acres of forest each year.

How NPVs work?

Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses are encased by large protein crystals (Occlusion bodies "shut" the virus inside a protective coating so they can exist in the open air, outside the host's body). NPV must be ingested by the host to begin the infection process. Once inside the host, the occlusion bodies dissolve and the virus penetrates into the host via the gut. When the host eventually dies off the virus the occlusion bodies are released and re-infect other hosts.

Infection by baculovirus begins when an insect eats virus particles on a plant - perhaps from a sprayed treatment. The infected insect dies and "melts" or falls apart on foliage, releasing more virus. This additional infective material can infect more insects, continuing the cycle.

Relative Effectiveness It is widely acknowledged that baculoviruses can be more effective than chemical pesticides in controlling specific insect pests.

Appearance
Insects killed by baculoviruses have a characteristic shiny-oily appearance, and are often seen hanging limply from vegetation. They are extremely fragile to the touch, rupturing to release fluid filled with infective virus particles. This tendency to remain attached to foliage and then rupture is an important aspect of the virus life-cycle. As discussed above, infection of other insects will only occur if they eat foliage that has been contaminated by virus-killed larvae.

It is interesting to note that HelioKiller or BioKiller virus, unlike many other viruses, can be seen with a light microscope. The polyhedra look like clear, irregular crystals of salt when viewed at 400x or 1000x. The fluid inside a dead insect is composed largely of virus polyhedra - many billions are produced inside of one cadaver.

Pesticide Compatibility
Virus particles per se are generally unaffected by pesticides, although some chlorine compounds should be expected to damage or destroy viruses if applied at the same time. Baculovirus efficacy, however, can be altered in many ways by the effects of chemical pesticides on the host insect. A review by Jacques and Morris (1981) showed that of 10 pesticide-virus combinations, 9 resulted in an additive effect on insect mortality.

HelioKiller is recommended for control of Heliothis/Heliocoverpa in cotton, tomatoes, vegetables Grapes and pulses.

BioKiller is recommended for control of Spodoptera exigua in cotton, vegetables, grapes, flowers and ornamentals.

For dose and other details please contact the company.

 6. NeemBased Spray :

Azadirachtin based 1500 ppm, 30000 ppm products for control of Aphids, Jassids, White Flies, Beetles, Caterpillars, Cutworms, Shoot and Fruit Borers including Bollworms.

A balanced supply of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium is essential to improve crop productivity in my agricultural system. It is estimated that nearly 3.9 x 1015 tonnes of nitrogen is present in the atmosphere in its elementary form. None of the living organisms except a few bacteria are capable of using this nitrogen directly as a nutrient source. Rhizobium, Azospirillum and Azobacter are the most important nitrogen-fixing bacteria and preparations containing them are commonly known as biofertilizers. Some bacteria take Bacttus megaterium var phosphaticum are commercially used for solubilizing phosphorous in rock phosphates. They are known as PSM (phosphate solubilizing microorganisms). Another bio fertilizer, which is becoming popular now a days is mycorrhizae. They are used for field establishment of nursery stock, improvement of phosphorous nutrition of plants and biological control of certain soil borne pathogens. Our bio fertilizer preparations are Rhizobium, Azospirillum, Azatobactor,and Phosphobacteria

Continuous use of chemical fertilizers after the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and finally make the soil dead. An answer to this problem is the use of different bio fertilizers along with lot of organic manure.

8. Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria PSB 

Introduction : PSB is a microbial biofertiliser carefully prepared by growing phosphate solubilising micro organisms (bacteria & fungi) in the laboratory and mixing the same with a suitable carrier medium to make it easy to apply it in soil. Out of the thirteen essential elements required for plant nutrition, phosphorus is one of the most important elements and is responsible for the following :-

Bio-fertilizers are used to supplement chemical fertilizers as also to maintain soil fertility; besides the following:

• Healthy crop
• Firm fruit
• Disease resistance
• Higher yield

What is PSB : PSB is a Phosphate solubilising biofertiliser and contains a combination of bacterial and fungal strains. Some bacteria in the laboratory show very good solubilisation but are unfit for commercial use as they cannot compete for survival under natural conditions and die off. For preparing PSB selection of cultures is done in such a way that they are fairly good solubilisers and can withstand wide variation in temperature and pH conditions. Fungal cultures work well in acidic soils whereas bacterial species show good activity of P solubilisation in neutral to alkaline soil conditions.

Moreover, most of the cultures selected for preparing PSB are spore formers so that they can remain viable at high temperatures and germinate under congenial environmental conditions such as moist soils.
Method of Application : While using PSB, one should be careful and remember that the product consists of live culture and at no time be stored or used as other chemical products. There are various ways in which it can be used. The order of preference is given below.

i) With compost or FYM : The results are best when used with cow dung or other farm wastes. Here, care must be taken that the culture is not mixed while the compost is being prepared as the temperature rises very high while compost is being prepared. Required dose of PSB (usually 2 to 3 Kgs) is mixed with prepared compost or FYM, moistened and kept overnight before application to the field. Organic carbon and other organic nutrients help the cultures to grow and hence results with PSB is best when this application method is followed.

ii) Seed treatment : Seeds to be sown are mixed with moistened PSB so that the culture sticks to the seeds; this mixture is spread on a gunny bag or plastic sheet and kept for a while in a shade before applying to soil. Care must be taken that the seeds to be treated with PSB are not pre-treated with fungicides or any kind of chemicals like mercurials.

iii) Application of PSB directly in the field : Use of granular PSB is more suitable for this method of application. Required dose of PSB ( 3 to 5 Kgs per acre) is applied near the root zones of standing crops especially horticulture or plantations usually by making a ridge around the root zone where PSB is applied; this is followed by watering and filling the ridge with soil to avoid exposure of the cultures to direct sunlight.

Dose of PSB : Usually 2 to 5 Kg per acre of PSB is used for obtaining good results. Pulse crops, onion, oil seeds and horticulture crops generally require larger dose of PSB than cereal crops. Sugarcane crops require 8 to 10 Kg of PSB per acre. Dosage vary from soil to soil and more PSB is required in soils having low available (soluble) P. Higher dose of PSB would cause no harm to the soil or crop as it is a natural product and hence larger the dose, better the chances of good result, while lower dose than the one recommended may not give any perceivable result.
Action of PSB : Microorganisms present in PSB have special ability to solubilise insoluble phosphates in soil. These culture secrete organic acids and also have some special enzymes (alkaline phosphatase ) with which they can grow in an environment devoid of soluble phosphorus. This ability of these cultures is harnessed to improve the P availability of agriculture crops. When applied near the root zone of crops, these microbes solubilise more phosphorus than their own need which becomes available to the plants. In short, PSM cultures in PSB help the efficiency of utilisation of chemical P. But at no time can PSB completely replace chemical fertilisers as the biological process is gradual and slow, and cultivated crops require a heavy initial dose. PSB can only help to reduce its dose and effectively utilise the supplied P instead of accumulating it and wasting it in the soil.

1.       Bio-fertilizers are complement to chemical fertilizers.
2.       Bio-fertilizers are cheap and can reduce the cost of cultivation.
3.       Fix biological nitrogen in the soil which is readily available to plant.
4.       Increase crop yield by 4-5% on an average.
5.       Improves soil properties & sustain soil fertility.
6.       Provides plant nutrient at low cost and useful for the consecutive crops.

The applicability of bio-fertilizers marketed by NPC on different crops is as:

9. Veg Charge :  BioFertiliser for Plant growth Promotion  

Plants require various macro and micro nutrients for their growth and are supplied by way of adding various fertilisers to soil. However, to derive benefit from all such nutrients, it is essential to improve the physiological status of the plant. Veg-Charge is one such product that takes care of the general health and vigor of the plant and ensures proper uptake and absorption of nutrients from soil. In short, Veg-Charge helps to maintain balanced nutritional status in plants.

What is Veg-Charge? - Veg-Charge is prepared from naturally occurring substances and is of biological origin. It is a mixture of growth promoting phytohormones like cytokinins and auxins along with essential enzymes and hydrolysed proteins in the form of 20 amino acids.

Benefits of using Veg-Charge - Activity of Veg-Charge is many folds; hence, it offers innumerable benefits :

1. Proteins in the form of amino acids helps in cell growth.
2. Enzymes help to breakdown complex molecules into simple form which can be easily utilised by the plant.
3. PGRs in the form of Cytokinins and Auxins have important physiological functions to play such as
   
   

3.  Cytokinin stimulates

4. Auxins promote

 VEG-CHARGE is a vital food for plants and its use in agriculture and horticulture is as important as major nutrients of the plants. The presence of vital elements such as phytohormones and enzymes helps to stimulate physiological system. Due to balanced absorption of nutrients the plant becomes healthy and such healthy plants can fight adverse environmental conditions such as drought or heavy rainfall and offer more pest resistance.

When to use Veg-Charge ?-
Veg-Charge is essential at all stages of plant growth because it helps in
i) Seed germination
ii) Frame development
iii) Biomass development
iv) Vegetative growth
v) Balancing C/N ratio
vi) Reproductive stage
vii) Maturity

Rich root mass developed with Veg-Charge helps to reach and absorb nutrients that were hitherto not available. The yields improve significantly due to cell growth and cell enlargement.

Hence Veg-Charge is both a 'Primer' and an 'Activator'.

Dose And Time Of Application : Veg-Charge is recommended for all crops. 1 ml of Veg-Charge is mixed with one litre of water and sprayed on leaves. 180-250 litres of spray solution (180-250 ml of Veg-Charge) is sufficient for one acre of crop. Veg-Charge can be used on crops, green house crops etc.
Veg-Charge is compatible with most commonly used fertilisers, micro-nutrients and pesticides except the alkaline ones. Avoid its use with growth retardants and herbicides.

Shelf life : 2 years under normal storage conditions

Packing : Veg-Charge is available in 100 ml , 250 ml, 1/2 litre, 1 litre, 5 litres containers.

Veg-Charge is compatible with most commonly used fertilisers, micro-nutrients and pesticides except the alkaline ones. Avoid its use with growth retardants and herbicides.

"All the fertile areas of this planet have at least once passed  through the bodies of earthworms."                                      -Charles Darwin.

  NatureGold™ 100 %  Organic Premium Vermicompost - The Complete Plant Food  An Ideal Soil Conditioner for healthy Plant Growth. Enriched with Neem for increased protection against Pests

NatureGold^™ Premium  Vermicompost contains vermicasts of American Red Wrigglers (Eisenia Foetida - Earthworms). It is enriched with Neem for increased Plant resistance to pest attack. NatureGold™ is produced by using clean environment friendly pathogen free raw materials, in turn making the plants healthy.

  NatureGold™ Vermicompost has a very soil-like texture and all the necessary nutrients that plants require. We are tapping into Mother Nature to produce a product that has long been known to be beneficial to plants with no side effects. NatureGold™  Premium Vermicompost is 100% Organic and does not contain any chemical additives. It is an ideal combination of microbial cultures and Neem making it useful for universal application for all crops and plants. NatureGold™ slowly releases nutrients needed for healthy plant growth and increases flowers, fruit and vegetable production. It is high in soluble nitrogen, potash, potassium, calcium, magnesium, many other trace elements &  micro-nutrients. It is rich in vitamins, enzymes, antibiotics and growth hormones making it the most complete plant food. Researchers have proved that vegetables and fruits grown using vermicompost stay fresh for a longer time and also improves their taste. 

Gardeners will like NatureGold™ Premium Vermicompost for its ability to perform outstandingly well in diverse situations. It provides the optimum balance of major nutrients and trace elements essential for healthy plant growth. Make it your first choice for lawns, bonsais, orchids,  cuttings, potting, hanging baskets, outdoor plants and vegetable and field crops.
  

ACTIVE CONTENTS:-  COMPONENT VALUES OF NATUREGOLD^™

Other Ingredients

 Fulvic acid

 Humic acid

 Micronutrients

How do earthworms produce such a High Quality Organic Manure?

         Earthworms encourage the growth of micro organisms in their gut by providing ideal conditions therein. Bacteria and actinomycetes which are important in waste degradation increase exponentially along the length of its tubular bioreactor, reaching densities about 1000 times greater than in the surrounding soil. However, E. coli, salmonella and other pathogens are destroyed due to competition from the active microflora and intestinal secretions. Most of the human pathogens are anaerobic and cannot survive in the highly aerobic micro-environment created by the earthworms.

Earthworms produce castings with balanced plant nutrients. Vermicompost also has immobilised micro flora which continue their function in the soil. It is rich in vitamins, enzymes, antibiotics and growth hormones.

Earthworms play a key role in soil biology by serving as bioreactors to effectively harness the beneficial soil microflora and destroy soil pathogens, thus converting organic wastes into valuable Bio-Fertilizer with Bio-Pesticides, Vitamins, Enzymes, Antibiotics, Growth Hormones and Protein rich worm mass.
 

Superiority of NatureGold Vermicompost over  Chemical Fertilizers

Although chemical fertilizers have many nutrients listed and higher laboratory analysis percentages, the ability of plants to optimally use these nutrients is limited. Since the nutrients are not broken down in a manner that plants can readily use. Moreover, chemical fertilizers do not have sufficient organic matter that is essential for plant growth.
Everything requires some form of balance and NatureGold vermicompost contains an abundance of available nutrients providing a perfect mix that is available for long term nutritional needs. This allows plants to feed as needed for weeks and months at a time. Earthworm castings continually release the nutrients best suited for plant growth and production. In contrast, chemical fertilizers are completely unbalanced and usually provide only synthetic nutrients, much of which are quickly lost into the soil with watering. The plants’ root system can only absorb so much so fast. Chemical fertilizers are most often detrimental to soil microbiology, by-passing and often destroying much of the beneficial microbial and bacterial activity. It is also known to be harmful to earthworms. Earthworms don't like to be sprinkled with chemical fertilizers. They squirm and wriggle in a frantic attempt to rid their skins of adhering particles, which if left on, would in some cases burn holes in them and dehydrate them. If chemical fertilizer application greatly acidifies the soil, then earthworm population will decline. Many of these synthetic nutrients are also absorbed directly into your plants and food. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in both farms and gardens have become our country’s leading cause of water pollution. NatureGold vermicompost improves soil aeration because they do not pack together when mixed in soil. This in turn promotes rapid plant growth. Earthworm castings improve the soil’s drainage, reducing waterlogged soil and root rot. The soil’s water retention capacity also improves because NatureGold vermicompost contains absorbent organic matter that hold only the necessary amounts of water needed by the roots. The list just goes on.....
 

Usage

Germination - 20 to 30% NatureGold with sand as an excellent germination mixture.

Soil Conditioner - add a layer of NatureGold . Farmers will get excellent results with pasture grasses if they use 100 kg per acre.

Fertiliser - add NatureGold to the base of plants or apply on large scale with a phosphate spreader. NatureGold can easily be mixed with water. This liquid mixture can be used as a leaf folient spray.

Deodoriser - NatureGold contains aerobic bacteria, a thin layer placed over a compost heap will neutralise the smell almost immediately.

16 Reasons Why NatureGold Vermicompost is  an Ideal Organic Manure and an excellent Soil Enhancer for the luxurious growth of Plants and Crops.

Physical Improvement and Advantages

1)Promotes root growth and penetration.

2)Enhances water retention and nutrient transport to root zone.

3)Reduces soil compaction, crusting and erosion.

4)Improves soil structure, aeration and tilth.

Biological Advantages

5) Enhances resistance to pest attack.

6) Favourable to beneficial micro-organisms and acts as a life-line.

7). Enhances nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization.

8) Helps in increasing bioavailability of nutrients

9) Enhances seedling germination.

10) It is free from harmful pathogens like E. coli and Salmonella and discourages weed growth.

Chemical Advantages

11) Provides essential plant nutrients.

12) Improves usage efficiency of available and applied nutrients.

13) Better retention of Nutrients by plants.

14) Maintains pH of the soil.

15) Improves the Cation Exchange Capacity which means better retention of nutrients.

16) 100% Non-Toxic!