| EXTRA CREDIT VOCAB and QUESTIONS |
| virus pathogen viroid piron capsid bacteriophage lytic infection lysogenic infection prophage |
| epidemic vaccine retrovirus obligate anaerobe obligate aerobe facultative aerobe plasmid flagellum conjugation endospore bioremediation toxin antibiotic |
| IN COMPLETE SENTENCES 11. Viruses, viroids, and prions are not considered to be living things. Which of their traits resemble living organisms, and which do not? 12. The flu virus has an envelope with surface proteins that allow it to infect its host cells. What structures help viruses infect bacterial cells? Explain. 13. Explain the differences between the 2 ways viruses infect their host cells. 14. Children across America get shots, or injections during their physical exams. Explain what these shots are and why they are recommended for all children. 15. The success of prokaryotes is due to special characteristics they have, such as the ability to form endospores and perform conjugation. Explain how each of these abilities helps the bacteria survive changing environments. 16. It surprises most people to learn that their lives depend on bacteria. Describe 3 roles bacteria play in human health and survival. 17. Dur to their unique ability to break down an enormous array of substances, prokaryotes play criticial roles in ecosystems. Summarize two of these roles. 18. Doctors recommend washing hands before eating to prevent the spread of disease. What is the connection between bacteria and disease? 19. Prokaryotes have the ability to carry genes other than their own. How is this trait important for genetic engineering? 20. Recently, doctors have been advised to limit the use of antibiotics whenever possible. Why is this recommendation important? |