1.                    P__= polled   pp= horned
          P

p	Pp	__ p
p	Pp	__ p

     Cow A-pp

          P       p

p	Pp	pp
p	Pp	pp

      Cow B-pp
 

          P       p

P	PP	Pp
p	Pp	pp

        Cow C-Pp
 
 

2.    S__= spherical    ss= dented

         S      s                     75% spherical seeds          3/4

S	SS	Ss
s	Ss	ss

 
 

3.     RR=red      rr=white        Rr=roan
    A. 3
    B. incomplete dominance
    C. No.  In order to have all roan calves, a red must be crossed with a white.  The next generation would not remain roan, since 25% would be red and 25% would be white.
           R    r

R	RR	Rr
r	Rr	rr

 
 

4.    T?
    A. dominant
    B. dominant or
        recessive
         T      t

t	Tt	tt
t	Tt	tt

          T      T

t	Tt	Tt
t	Tt	Tt

 
 
 
 

5.    yy ;  see answer to #4, DUH.  (Please note, the duh referrs to me asking the same question twice.)
 
 

6.    T__= Tall            tt= short
          T    t

T	TT	Tt
t	Tt	tt

    genotypic:  1TT: 2Tt: 1tt
    phenotypic: 3 tall : 1 short
 
 

7.    Flower color in snapdragons is affected by incomplete dominance.
 
 

8.    SsYy        FOIL
                F:  SY
               O:  Sy
                I:  sY
                L:  sy
 
 

9.    SsYy x SsYy    S__= spherical   ss= dented   Y__= yellow   yy= green

              SY       Sy        sY        sy

SY	SSYY	SSYy	SsYY	SsYy
Sy	SSYY	SSYy	SsYY	SsYy
sY	SSYY	SSYy	SsYY	SsYy
sy	SSYY	SSYy	SsYY	SsYy

        9 spherical yellow
        3 spherical green
        3 Dented yellow
        1 Dented green
 
 

10.     AaBb x AaBb
            1/16 would be homozygous for both recessive traits.  See Punnett Square  in #9.
 

11.     C__= agouti        cc= albino
          B__= black          bb= brown

    Bb Cc  x  bbcc

            Half of the offspring are albino, cc.
           !/4 of the offspring are brown agouti.  The black agouti parent is BbCc.  In order for any of the offspring to have a recessive trait, the black agouti parent must carry the recessive allele.
 
 

12.   X^H X^H = normal, non-carrier, female
        X^h Y  = hemophiliac male

          X^h   Y

XH	XHXh	XHY
XH	XHXh	XHY

    None of the children would be hemophiliacs, although all girls would carry the hemophiliac allele.
 
 

13.  X^RX^r   = carrier  female
          X^rY     = hemophiliac male
 
 
 

	XR	Y
XR	XRXR	XRY
Xr	XRXr	XrY

50% of the male children will be colorblind; none of their female children will be colorblind.
 
 

14.    Mm   =  manx
 
 

	M	m
M	MM	Mm
m	Mm	mm

Since one of the homozygous forms  is never seen, one would conclude that one of the homozygous forms is lethal, causing death before birth.  (In fact, it is the homozygous dominant form that is lethal.)
 

15.        50% Type A; 50% Type B
 
 

	A	B
O	AO	BO
O	AO	BO

 
 

16.  S_ = spherical        ss = dented
          T_ = tall                tt = short

   Foil: SStt  and Foil: ssTT
 

	St	St	St	St
sT	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt
sT	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt
sT	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt
sT	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt	SsTt

    All would be spherical tall plants.
 

17.  Tay Sachs is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder.
 
 

18.  C_ = cuteness        cc = ugly
           P_ = pink              pp = blond
Foil CcPP and put these going across.
Foil CcPp and put these going down the side.
 

	CP	CP	cP	cP
CP	CCPP	CCPP	CcPP	CcPP
Cp	CCPp	CCPp	CcPp	CcPp
cP	CcPP	CcPP	ccPP	ccPP
cp	CcPp	CcPp	ccPp	ccPp

Genotype           Phenotype
1 CCPP                3 cute pink
2 CcPP                1 ugly pink
1 CCPp
2 CcPp
1 ccPP
1 ccPp
 
 

19.  A: A or O

	A	A/O
A	AA	A A/O
A/O	A A/O	AA/OO

          B: A or O

	O	O
A	AO	AO
A/O	AO/OO	AO/OO

          C:  A, B, AB

	A	B
B	AB	BB
B/O	AB/AO	BB/BO

           D:  A, B, AB

	A	B
A	AA	AB
B	AB	BB

           E:  A, B, O, AB

	B	B/O
A	AB	AB/AO
A/O	AB/BO	AB/OO/AO/BO

 
 

20.

21.

22.