THE
PHRASE
DEFINITION: A PHRASE is a group of
words that is used as a single part of speech and does not contain a verb and
its subject.
.
EXAMPLES: has been sitting (verb phrase; no subject)
About you and me (prepositional phrase;
no subject or verb)
I.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
DEFINITION: A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE is a
group of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or pronoun.
EXAMPLES: IN FRONT OF our apartment building
DURING
the night
NOTE: The noun or pronoun that ends the
prepositional phrase is the object of the preposition that begins the phrase.
A. THE ADJECTIVE PHRASE
DEFINITION:
ADJECTIVE PHRASES are prepositional phrases that are used as adjectives in a
sentence.
EXAMPLE: Students IN THE FRESHMEN CLASS
are planning a TV program ABOUT THEIR SCIENCE PROJECT.
NOUNS USED AS ADJECTIVES NOUNS USED AS ADJECTIVE
PHRASES
The
CAR door is open. The door OF THE
CAR IS OPEN.
This
is a HOUSE key. This
is the key FOR THE HOUSE.
NOTE
1.
An adjective phrase always FOLLOWS the noun or pronoun it modifies.
2.
More than one prepositional phrase may modify the same word.
EXAMPLE:
The picture OF ME IN THE NEWSPAPER was not flattering.
3. A prepositional phrase may also modify the object of
another prepositional phrase.
EXAMPLE: The books ON THE SHELF OF MY CLOSET
were all birthday gifts.
B. THE ADVERB PHRASE
DEFINTION:
ADVERB PHRASES are prepositional phrases that are used as adverbs in a sentence
and answer the questions
When? Where? How? How Much? How far? To what extent?
EXAMPLES: I dove INTO THE WATER. (WHERE???)
She
accepted the invitation WITH PLEASURE (HOW???)
Martin
missed the target BY A METER. (TO WHAT EXTENT???)
NOTE
1.An adverb phrase may modify a verb, an adjective or an
adverb
2.
Unlike adjective phrases, which always follow the words they modify, an adverb
phrase may appear in various places in a
sentence.
3.
Like adjective phrases, more than one adverb phrase may modify the same
word.
EXAMPLE: AT
NOON my sister goes TO WORK. (WHEN did she go??? WHERE did she go???)
II.
APPOSITIVES AND APPOSITIVE PHRASES
A. THE APPOSITIVE
DEFINITION:
AN APPOSITIVE is a noun or a pronoun that follows another noun or pronoun to
identify or explain it.
EXAMPLE:
Jimmy, a star athlete, will surely attend college.
B. THE APPOSITIVE
PHRASE
DEFINITION:
AN APPOSITIVE PHRASE is made up of the appositive and its modifiers or
complements.
EXAMPLE:
A man of integrity, Mr. Aldrich
never cheats anyonhe.
Dr. Reed, the woman sitting in the
front row, is my dentist.