Identify
Yuan Shikai- He was a powerful general that tried to set up a new ruling dynasty, with himself as emperor. Sun Yixian stepped down as president in hopes that Yuan would restore order and create a strong central government.
Twenty-One Demands- Japan brought forth the Twenty-one Demands, which sought to make China a Japanese protectorate. Yuan was too weak to resist, so he gave into to their demands.
May Fourth Movement- The May Fourth Movement was a cultural and intellectual ferment against China�s territory being considered conquered by Japan. The women played a role in the movement by joining marches and campaigning against arranged marriages, this brought forth women in education and the economy.
Guomindang- The Guomindang was Sun Yixian�s nationalist party, and they established a government in South China. He planned to raise an army, defeat warlords, and spread his government�s ruler over all of China.
Jiang Jieshi- After the death of Sun Yixian in 1925, a young energetic army officer took place as head of the Guomindang. From 1926-1927 Jiang ordered mass killings and the slaughtering of Communist party members, which would lead to a bitter civil war.
Mao Zedong- He was one of the Communists that escaped Jiang�s attack. Unlike other Chinese Communists, however, he believed that Communists should seek support not among the small urban working class but among the large peasant masses.
Long March- Mao and about 100,000 of his soldiers trekked more than 6,000 miles, facing daily attacks, just to go against the Guomindang. The Long March stood as a symbol of Communist heroism to Chinese opposed to the Guomindang.
Rape of Nanjing- Japan had set up a puppet government here. The killing and brutality of their entry became known as the �rape of Nanjing.�
Why did the new republic of China fall into chaos after 1912?
The new republic of China fell into chaos after 1912 because only a year before, the Qing dynasty had collapsed. Sun Yixian proposed the Three Principles of the People, which made little progress and China the fell into chaos.
The western ideas that appealed to Chinese reformers were Marxism. This appealed to them because they saw how the Russian Revolution offered a model of a strong, well-organized party could transform a nation.
These reformers planned to end the growth of foreign influence in China by ignoring the western powers pleas for building a democratic China.
Sun Yixian- He hoped to rebuild China on the Three Principles of the People. He also was the leader of the Guomindang, or the Nationalist party.
Jiang Jieshi- He was the successor to Sun, in becoming the new leader of the Guomindang, and he believed in reuniting China. He orchestrated the slaughtering of Communist party members and workers that supported them in 1927.
Mao Zedong- He believed that Communist should seek support among the large peasant masses rather than the small urban working class. He was determined to stop the Guomindang forces, so he came up with a way to oppose them, called the �Long March.�