Study Guide for Chapter 3 - People Created Thriving Civilizations in India

Terms and People to Know

 

Ch3 Sec 1 Pages 48-54

India   Pakistan   Bangladesh   Nepal   Bhutan   Sri Lanka    yogi      subcontinent

Himalayas   Karakorums    Hindu Kush     Khyber Pass     Indo-Gangetic Plain    Ganges River

Indus River   Deccan Plateau   Coastal Plain    Western Ghats     Eastern Ghats    monsoons  

Mohenjo- Daro   Harappa    citiadel   animism   

 

Ch3 Sec 2 Pages 54 - 57 

Aryans    Sanskrit    Vedas      Vedic Age     Varuna      Brahmans    rajah   

 

Ch3 Sec 3 Pages 57- 61

The Epic Age     Upanishads      epics     Mahabharata    Bhagavad-Gita      Ramayana  

Hinduism     caste-system     Kshatriyas    Brahmans    Vaisyas      Sudras   "untouchables"

monism    reincarnation    dharma      kharma      yoga       Brahma     Vishnu       Siva

Guatama Buddha    Siddhartha    The Four Noble Truths     nirvana     The Eightfold Path    Hinayana

Mahayana

 

Ch3 Sec 4 Pages  62-63

Chandragupta Maurya     Maurya Empire      Pataliputra       Asoka         Gupta rulers

Chandragupta I     Samudragupta   Chandragupta II      Andhras dynasty

 

Ch3 Sec5 Pages 63-65

polygamy      suttee     Panchatantra       stupa      Aryabhata     Susruta 

 

Ideas to understand

•   What are the significant geographical features of India?

•   How did the geographical features of India affect the civilization that developed in the Indus valley ?

•   What contributions did the Aryans make to Indian civilization during the Vedic Age?

•   How did Buddhism and Hinduism influence the structure of Indian society during the Epic Age?

•   What cultural impact did the dynasties and empires of the Maurya and Gupta empires leave on Indian society

•    Why did ancient Indian civilization flourish from the Epic Age to the Golden Age of the Gupta Empire?

•    What were the social, literary, artistic, architectural, and educational contributions made during the Gupta period?

 

Essay Questions ( give specific examples to support your statements )

1.      Describe and explain the effects that geography had on the development of cultures and civilization in the Indus valley. ( Give examples of India's geographical features and explain how they affected Indian culture)

2.      Describe and explain the development of early cultures in the Indus river valley. What civilizations were the first to appear in the Indus river valley? ( Give examples of the developments that were left by these cultures and explain their significance)

3.      Compare and contrast the rise of the two great religions of India. What are the similarities and what are the differences of the these religions?

4.      Describe and explain the Maurya and Gupta empires and the legacies they left in art, literature, mathematics, and the sciences.