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Shielding in cables is very importantand must be addressed on a multiple of planes. Noise once introducedinto any system is almost, if not impossible, to eradicate. Shielding becomes a fine balance between keeping out the things you don't want and not harming the signal that you wish to deliver intact. It's really all about not messing up what you are given. RF (radio frequencies) and hum are by far the biggest problems to tackle. To deal with these issues you must consider the effects of both H-fields, and M-fields, which are necessary to produce both electrostatic, and electromagnetic fields. Proper shielding and drain techniques are necessary to prevent the development of these types of noise. These techniques must be applied to preventing the pick up of both external and internally generated noise which is the generation of electrostatic fields caused by two adjacent dielectrics (insulators) when they rub together. This form of noise has been long identified and dealt with in studio microphone cables.
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