Chapter 31
? appeasement - giving into the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace. Western democracies adopted this such as US Britain and French
? blitzkrieg - Lightning war. This occurred when Hitler invaded Poland.
? cold war - Churchhills iron curtain became a symbol for the cold war. It expressed to growing fear of communism. Soviets on the east and US on the west(democracy).
? collaborator - People who helped the Nazis hunt down Jews. They would also ship Jews to their death.
? containment (policy) - This would limit communism to the areas already under soviet control. This was stated by the Truman doctrine.
? genocide - This was considered the only way to get rid of the Jewish problem. This would be the complete destruction of all Jews.
? kamikaze - They were Japanese pilots who took suicide missions. They would fly their planes into their targets.
? pacifism - opposition to all war. This forced governments to seek peace at any cost.
? Winston Churchill - A prime minister. He at first was the lone voice against that Nazis. In 1940, he rallied the British troops to fight.
? Francisco Franco - Lead the nationalist force. In 1936 he led a revolt that touched off a bloody civil war.
? Dwight Eisenhower - An American general who took control of a joint Anglo-American force in Morocco and Algeria. He combined with the British armies to trap Rommels army.
? Haile Selassie - The Ethiopian King who went to the league of nations for help. This was because Italy invaded them and the league placed sanctions on Italy
? Harry Truman - A president of the united states. He decided to use the atomic bomb. This was dropped on Hiroshima.
? Dunkirk - This is where 300,000 troops were sent to safety. This was known as the miracle of Dunkirk. This raised the British morale
? El Alamein - This is when the British army finally stopped Rommels advances. This forced him to surrender
? Guernica - a small Spanish market town that had no military power. Germany attacked this town.
? Hiroshima - On August 6, 1945, the Americans dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. More than 70,000 people were killed.
? Nagasaki - The atomic bomb was dropped here a day after Hiroshima. This bombing killed over 40,000 people.
? Pearl Harbor - This occurred on December 7, 1941. There were more than 2,400 people killed.
? Operation Barbarossa - This was first embarked on in June 1941. This was the conquest of the soviet union. Hitler wanted the living space and natural resources.
? D-Day- Believed to be Gods final day of judgment which no one can escape.
? Battle of Midway- Americas goal of the campaign was to recapture some Japanese held islands while bypassing others. The captured islands stood as stepping stools because American forces slowly moved from the Solomon Islands to Japan.
? Holocaust- Hitler was the leader of the Nazis. He sentenced all Jews to concentration camps which were brutal and lead to 2 1/2 million fatalities of Jews
? Cold War rivals (which nations)- In the east were Soviet communist countries and in the west were American nations. British zone, Russian zone, French zone, and American zone were all divided in Germany once Germany attacked Russia.
? Francisco Franco- a right wing general who led a revolt that touched off a bloody civil war. His forces called Nationalist rallied conservatives. Hitler and Mussolini sent forces to help Franco.
? Benito Mussolini- was a dictator with Hitler who viewed desire for peace as weakness. Mussolini used new military to pursue his imperialist ambitions using new weapons (tanks, machine guns, ect,)
? Adolph Hitler- a dictator who used appeasement (violence) and built up the German military to challenge the hatred Versailles treaty. He became the leader of the Nazis whose goal was to kill Jews and other racially inferiors and sentence them to death camps.
? Tojo Hideki- Japan general who did not wasn�t peace with the US. He ordered a surprise attack on the America Pearl Harbor which destroyed 19 ships and killed more than 2,400 people.
? Neville Chamberlin- He exclaimed he caused peace of our time. In the House of Commons he declared that the Munich Pact had saved Czecholovakia from destruction and Europe from Armageddon.
? Franklin Roosevelt- American president who found ways around the Neutrality Acts to provide aid to Britain because it stood alone against Hitler. The Lend Lease act allowed him to sell or lend war materials to any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the US?
? Stalingrad- The battle of Stalingrad was when Hitler and his German army surrounded the city fighting for one building. The German general finally surrendered because they were trapped with out food and no hope.
? Explain 2 reasons why the US used the atomic bomb against Japan- an American plane dropped the atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. By destroying everything they new Japan would surrender. America dropped the bombs because of Japans attack of Pearl Harbor.