The XML schema in A sample XML schema defined a number of XML elements with the <xsd:element> element. The first two elements defined, <address> and <name>, are composed of other elements. The <xsd:sequence> element defines the sequence of elements that are contained in each. Here's an example:

<xsd:element name="address">
  <xsd:complexType>
    <xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:element ref="name"/>
      <xsd:element ref="street"/>
      <xsd:element ref="city"/>
      <xsd:element ref="state"/>
      <xsd:element ref="postal-code"/>
    </xsd:sequence>
  </xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
          

As in the DTD version, the XML schema example defines that an <address> contains a <name>, a <street>, a <city>, a <state>, and a <postal-code> element, in that order. Notice that the schema actually defines a new datatype with the <xsd:complexType> element.

Most of the elements contain text; defining them is simple. You merely declare the new element, and give it a datatype of xsd:string:

<xsd:element name="title"      type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="first-Name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="last-Name"  type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="street"     type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="city"       type="xsd:string"/>