Inventions And Discovers by Year
|
Date |
Invention Or Discovery |
Inventor Or Discoverer |
Nationality |
|
1250 |
Magnifying glass |
Roger Bacon |
English |
|
1450 |
Printing press |
Johann Gutenberg |
German |
|
1504 |
Pocket watch |
Peter Henlein |
German |
|
1590 |
Compound microscope |
Zacharias Janssen |
Dutch |
|
1593 |
Water thermometer |
Galileo |
Italian |
|
1608 |
Telescope |
Hans Lippershey |
Dutch |
|
1625 |
Blood transfusion |
Jean-Baptiste Denys |
French |
|
1629 |
Steam turbine |
Giovanni Branca |
Italian |
|
1642 |
Adding machine |
Blaise Pascal |
French |
|
1643 |
Barometer |
Evangelista Torricelli |
Italian |
|
1650 |
Air pump |
Otto von Guericke |
German |
|
1656 |
Pendulum clock |
Christiaan Huygens |
Dutch |
|
1661 |
Methanol |
Robert Boyle |
Irish |
|
1668 |
Reflecting telescope |
Isaac Newton |
English |
|
1671 |
Calculating machine |
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz |
German |
|
1698 |
Steam pump |
Thomas Savery |
English |
|
1701 |
Seed drill |
Jethro Tull |
English |
|
1710 |
Piano |
Bartolomeo Cristofori |
Italian |
|
1712 |
Steam engine |
Thomas Newcomen |
British |
|
1714 |
Mercury thermometer |
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit |
German |
|
1717 |
Diving bell |
Edmund Halley |
English |
|
1725 |
Stereotyping |
William Ged |
Scottish |
|
1745 |
Leyden jar (condenser) |
E.G. von Kleist |
German |
|
1752 |
Lightning rod |
Benjamin Franklin |
American |
|
1758 |
Achromatic lens |
John Dollond |
British |
|
1759 |
Marine chronometer |
John Harrison |
British |
|
1764 |
Spinning jenny |
James Hargreaves |
British |
|
1769 |
Spinning frame |
R. Arkwright |
English |
|
1769 |
Steam engine (with separate condenser) |
James Watt |
British |
|
1769 |
Automobile |
Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot |
French |
|
1775 |
Submarine |
David Bushnell |
American |
|
1780 |
Steel pen |
Samuel Harrison |
English |
|
1780 |
Bifocal lens |
Benjamin Franklin |
American |
|
1783 |
Balloon |
Joseph
Michel Montgolfier and |
French |
|
1784 |
Threshing machine |
Andrew Meikle |
British |
|
1785 |
Power loom |
Edmund Cartwright |
British |
|
1786 |
Steamboat |
John Fitch |
American |
|
1788 |
Flyball governor |
James Watt |
British |
|
1791 |
Gas turbine |
John Barber |
British |
|
1792 |
Illuminating gas |
William Murdock |
Scottish |
|
1793 |
Cotton gin |
Eli Whitney |
American |
|
1795 |
Hydraulic press |
Joseph Bramah |
English |
|
1796 |
Lithography |
Aloys Senefelder |
German |
|
1796 |
Smallpox vaccination |
Edward Jenner |
British |
|
1799 |
Fourdrinier machine (papermaking) |
Louis Robert |
French |
|
1800 |
Jacquard loom |
Joseph Marie Jacquard |
French |
|
1800 |
Electric battery |
Count Alessandro Volta |
Italian |
|
1801 |
Pattern loom |
Joseph Marie Jacquard |
French |
|
1804 |
Screw propeller |
John Stevens |
American |
|
1804 |
Solid-fuel rocket |
William Congreve |
British |
|
1804 |
Steam locomotive |
Richard Trevithick |
British |
|
1805 |
Electroplating |
Luigi Gasparo Brugnatelli |
Italian |
|
1810 |
Food preservation (by sterilization and exclusion of air) |
François Appert |
French |
|
1810 |
Printing press |
Frederick Koenig |
German |
|
1814 |
Railroad locomotive |
George Stephenson |
British |
|
1815 |
Safety lamp |
Sir Humphry Davy |
British |
|
1816 |
Bicycle (no pedals) |
Karl D. Sauerbronn |
German |
|
1819 |
Stethoscope |
René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec |
French |
|
1820 |
Hygrometer |
J.F. Daniell |
English |
|
1820 |
Galvanometer |
Johann Salomo Cristoph Schweigger |
German |
|
1821 |
Electric motor |
Michael Faraday |
British |
|
1823 |
Silicon |
Jöns Jakob Berzelius |
Swedish |
|
1823 |
Electromagnet |
William Sturgeon |
British |
|
1824 |
Portland cement |
Joseph Aspdin |
British |
|
1827 |
Friction match |
John Walker |
British |
|
1829 |
Typewriter1 |
W.A. Burt |
American |
|
1829 |
Braille printing |
Louis Braille |
French |
|
1830 |
Platform scales |
Thaddeus Fairbanks |
American |
|
1830 |
Sewing machine |
Barthélemy Thimonnier |
French |
|
1831 |
Phosphorus match |
Charles Sauria |
French |
|
1831 |
Reaper |
Cyrus Hall McCormick |
American |
|
1831 |
Dynamo |
Michael Faraday |
British |
|
1834 |
Electric streetcar |
Thomas Davenport |
American |
|
1835 |
Pistol (revolver) |
Samuel Colt |
American |
|
1837 |
Telegraph |
Samuel
Finley Breese Morse |
American |
|
1838 |
Morse code |
Samuel Finley Breese Morse |
American |
|
1839 |
Photography |
Louis
Jacques Mandé Daguerre and |
French |
|
1839 |
Vulcanized rubber |
Charles Goodyear |
American |
|
1839 |
Steam hammer |
James Nasmyth |
Scottish |
|
1839 |
Bicycle (with pedals) |
Kirkpatrick MacMillan |
British |
|
1845 |
Pneumatic tire |
Robert William Thompson |
American |
|
1846 |
Rotary printing press |
Richard March Hoe |
American |
|
1846 |
Nitroglycerin |
Ascanio Sobrero |
Italian |
|
1846 |
Guncotton |
Christian Friedrich Schönbein |
German |
|
1846 |
Ether |
Crawford Williamson Long |
American |
|
1849 |
Reinforced concrete |
F.J. Monier |
French |
|
1849 |
Safety pin |
Walter Hunt |
American |
|
1849 |
Water turbine |
James Bicheno Francis |
American |
|
1850 |
Mercerized cotton |
John Mercer |
British |
|
1851 |
Breech-loading rifle |
Edward Maynard |
American |
|
1851 |
Opthalmoscope |
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz |
German |
|
1852 |
Nonrigid airship |
Henri Giffard |
French |
|
1852 |
Elevator (with brake) |
Elisha Graves Otis |
American |
|
1852 |
Gyroscope |
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault |
French |
|
1855 |
Hypodermic syringe |
Alexander Wood |
Scottish |
|
1855 |
Safety matches |
J.E. Lundstrom |
Swedish |
|
1856 |
Bessemer converter (steel) |
Sir Henry Bessemer |
British |
|
1858 |
Harvester |
Charles and William Marsh |
American |
|
1859 |
Spectroscope |
Gustav
Robert Kirchhoff and |
German |
|
1860 |
Gas engine |
Jean-Joseph-Étienne Lenoir |
French |
|
1861 |
Web-fed newspaper printing press |
Richard March Hoe |
American |
|
1861 |
Electric furnace |
Wilhelm Siemens |
British |
|
1861 |
Machine gun |
Richard Jordan Gatling |
American |
|
1861 |
Kinematoscope |
Coleman Sellers |
American |
|
1865 |
Antiseptic surgery |
Joseph Lister |
English |
|
1866 |
Paper (from wood pulp, sulfite process) |
Benjamin Chew Tilghman |
American |
|
1866 |
Dynamite |
Alfred Bernhard Nobel |
Swedish |
|
1868 |
Dry cell |
Georges Leclanché |
French |
|
1868 |
Typewriter |
Carlos
Glidden and |
American |
|
1868 |
Air brake |
George Westinghouse |
American |
|
1870 |
Celluloid |
John Wesley Hyatt and Isaiah Hyatt |
American |
|
1871 |
Continuous current dynamo |
Zénobe-Théophile Gramme |
Belgian |
|
1874 |
Quadruplex telegraph |
Thomas Alva Edison |
American |
|
1876 |
Telephone |
Alexander Graham Bell |
American |
|
1877 |
Internal-combustion engine (four-cycle) |
Nikolaus August Otto |
German |
|
1877 |
Talking machine (phonograph) |
Thomas Alva Edison |
American |
|
1877 |
Microphone |
Emile Berliner |
American |
|
1877 |
Electric welding |
Elihu Thomson |
American |
|
1877 |
Refrigerator car |
G.F. Swift |
American |
|
1878 |
Cream separator |
Carl Gustav de Laval |
Swedish |
|
1878 |
Cathode ray tube |
Sir William Crookes |
British |
|
1879 |
Cash register |
James J. Ritty |
American |
|
1879 |
Incandescent filament lamp |
Thomas
Alva Edison |
American |
|
1879 |
Automobile engine (two-cycle) |
Karl Benz |
German |
|
1879 |
Arc lamp |
Charles Francis Bush |
American |
|
1880 |
Linotype |
Ottmar Mergenthaler |
American |
|
1884 |
Steam turbine |
C.A. Parsons |
English |
|
1884 |
Rayon (nitrocellulose) |
Comte Hilaire Bernigaud de Chardonnet |
French |
|
1884 |
Multiple-wheel steam turbine |
Sir Charles Algernon Parsons |
British |
|
1884 |
Nipkow disk (mechanical television scanning device) |
Paul Gottlieb Nipkow |
German |
|
1884 |
Fountain pen |
Lewis Edson Waterman |
American |
|
1885 |
Graphophone (dictating machine) |
Chichester A. Bell and |
American |
|
1885 |
AC transformer |
William Stanley |
American |
|
1887 |
Air-inflated rubber tire |
J.B. Dunlop |
Scottish |
|
1887 |
Gramophone (disk records) |
Emile Berliner |
American |
|
1887 |
Gas mantle |
Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach |
Austrian |
|
1887 |
Mimeograph |
Albert Blake Dick |
American |
|
1887 |
Monotype |
Tolbert Lanston |
American |
|
1888 |
Adding machine (recording) |
William Seward Burroughs |
American |
|
1888 |
Kodak camera |
George Eastman |
American |
|
1889 |
Steam turbine |
C.G. de Laval |
Swedish |
|
1890 |
Rayon (cuprammonium) |
Louis Henri Despeissis |
French |
|
1891 |
Glider |
Otto Lilienthal |
German |
|
1891 |
Motion picture camera (kinetograph) |
Thomas
Alva Edison |
American |
|
1891 |
Motion picture viewer (kinetoscope) |
Thomas
Alva Edison |
American |
|
1891 |
Synthetic rubber |
Sir William Augustus Tilden |
British |
|
1892 |
AC motor |
Nikola Tesla |
American |
|
1892 |
Three-color camera |
Frederick Eugene Ives |
American |
|
1892 |
Rayon (viscose) |
Charles Frederick Cross |
British |
|
1892 |
Vacuum bottle (Dewar flask) |
Sir James Dewar |
British |
|
1893 |
Photoelectric cell |
Julius Elster Hans F. Geitel |
German |
|
1893 |
Diesel engine |
Rudolf Diesel |
German |
|
1893 |
Gasoline automobile |
Charles Edgar Duryea and |
American |
|
1894 |
Motion picture projection |
Louis
Jean Lumičre and Auguste Marie Lumičre |
French |
|
1895 |
X-ray |
Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen |
German |
|
1895 |
Rayon (acetate) |
Charles Frederick Cross |
British |
|
1895 |
Wireless telegraph |
Marchese Guglielmo Marconi |
Italian |
|
1896 |
Experimental airplane |
Samuel Pierpont Langley |
American |
|
1898 |
Sensitized photographic paper |
Leo Hendrik Baekeland |
American |
|
1900 |
Rigid dirigible airship |
Graf Ferdinand von Zeppelin |
German |
|
1902 |
Radiotelephone |
Valdemar Poulsen |
Danish |
|
1903 |
Airplane |
Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright |
American |
|
1903 |
Windshield wipers |
Mary Anderson |
American |
|
1903 |
Electrocardiograph |
Willem Einthoven |
Dutch |
|
1905 |
Diode rectifier tube (radio) |
Sir John Ambrose Fleming |
British |
|
1906 |
Gyrocompass |
Hermann Anschütz-Kämpfe |
German |
|
1907 |
Bakelite |
Leo Hendrik Baekeland |
American |
|
1907 |
Triode amplifier tube (radio) |
Lee De Forest |
American |
|
1908 |
Cellophane |
Jacques Edwin Brandenberger |
Swiss |
|
1908 |
Two-color motion picture camera |
C. Albert Smith |
British |
|
1909 |
Salvarsan |
Paul Ehrlich |
German |
|
1910 |
Hydrogenation of coal |
Friedrich Bergius |
German |
|
1910 |
Gyroscopic compass and stabilizer |
Elmer Ambrose Sperry |
American |
|
1911 |
Air conditioning |
W.H. Carrier |
American |
|
1911 |
Vitamins |
Casimir Funk |
Polish |
|
1911 |
Cellophane |
Jacques Edwin Brandenberger |
Swiss |
|
1911 |
Neon lamp |
Georges Claude |
French |
|
1912 |
Mercury-vapor lamp |
Peter Cooper Hewitt |
American |
|
1913 |
Ramjet engine |
René Lorin |
French |
|
1913 |
Multigrid electron tube |
Irving Langmuir |
American |
|
1913 |
Cracked gasoline |
William Meriam Burton |
American |
|
1913 |
Heterodyne radio receiver |
Reginald Aubrey Fessenden |
American |
|
1915 |
Automobile self-starter |
Charles Franklin Kettering |
American |
|
1916 |
Browning gun (automatic rifle) |
John Moses Browning |
American |
|
1916 |
Gas-filled incandescent lamp |
Irving Langmuir |
American |
|
1916 |
X-ray tube |
William David Coolidge |
American |
|
1919 |
Mass spectrograph |
Sir
Francis William Aston |
British |
|
1922-26 |
Sound motion pictures |
T.W. Case |
American |
|
1922 |
Insulin |
Sir Frederick Grant Banting |
Canadian |
|
1923 |
Autogiro |
Juan de la Cierva |
Spanish |
|
1923 |
Television iconoscope |
Vladimir Kosma Zworykin |
American |
|
1924 |
Quick-frozen food |
Clarence Birdseye |
American |
|
1925 |
Television image dissector tube |
Philo Taylor Farnsworth |
American |
|
1926 |
Aerosol can |
Erik Rotheim |
Norwegian |
|
1926 |
Liquid-fuel rocket |
Robert Hutchings Goddard |
American |
|
1928 |
Penicillin |
Sir Alexander Fleming |
British |
|
1930 |
Bathysphere |
(Charles) William Beebe |
American |
|
1930 |
Freon (low-boiling fluorine compounds) |
Thomas Midgley and coworkers |
American |
|
1930 |
Modern gas-turbine engine |
Sir Frank Whittle |
British |
|
1930 |
Neoprene (synthetic rubber) |
Father Julius Arthur Nieuwland and Wallace Hume Carothers |
American |
|
1931 |
Cyclotron |
Ernest Orlando Lawrence |
American |
|
1931 |
Differential analyzer (analogue computer) |
Vannevar Bush |
American |
|
1932 |
Phase contrast microscope |
Frits Zernike |
Dutch |
|
1932 |
Van de Graaff generator |
Robert Jemison Van de Graaff |
American |
|
1933 |
Frequency modulation (FM) |
Edwin Howard Armstrong |
American |
|
1935 |
Buna (synthetic rubber) |
German scientists |
German |
|
1935 |
Radiolocator (radar) |
Sir Robert Watson-Watt |
British |
|
1935 |
Cortisone |
Edward
Calvin Kendall |
American |
|
1935 |
Electron microscope |
German scientists |
German |
|
1935 |
Sulfanllamide |
Gerhard Domagk |
German |
|
1935 |
Nylon |
Wallace Hume Carothers |
American |
|
1936 |
Twin-rotor helicopter2 |
Heinrich Focke |
German |
|
1937 |
Snowmobile |
Armand Bombardier |
Canadian |
|
1938 |
Ballpoint pen |
Georg and Ladislao Biro |
Hungarian |
|
1939 |
DDT |
Paul Müller |
Swiss |
|
1939 |
Helicopter3 |
Igor Sikorsky |
American |
|
1940 |
Betatron |
Donald William Kerst |
American |
|
1941 |
Turbojet aircraft engine |
Sir Frank Whittle |
British |
|
1942 |
Guided missile |
Wernher von Braun |
German |
|
1942 |
Nuclear reactor |
Enrico Fermi |
American |
|
1942 |
Xerography |
Chester Carlson |
American |
|
1944 |
V-2 (rocket-propelled bomb) |
German scientists |
German |
|
1945 |
Atomic bomb |
U.S. government scientists |
American |
|
1945 |
Streptomycin |
Selman A. Waksman |
American |
|
1946 |
Electronic digital computer |
John
Presper Eckert, Jr., and |
American |
|
1947 |
Holography |
Dennis Gabon |
English |
|
1947 |
Chlormycetin |
Mildred Rebstock |
American |
|
1947 |
Polaroid Land camera |
Edwin Herbert Land |
American |
|
1947 |
Bathyscaphe |
Auguste Piccard |
Swiss |
|
1947 |
Microwave oven |
Percy L. Spencer |
American |
|
1948 |
Scintillation counter |
Hartmut Kallmann |
German |
|
1948 |
Aureomycin |
Benjamin Minge Duggar and |
American |
|
1948 |
Transistor |
John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain, and William Shockley |
American |
|
1949 |
Ramjet airplane |
René Leduc |
French |
|
1950 |
Color television |
Peter Carl Goldmark |
American |
|
1952 |
Hydrogen bomb |
U.S. government scientists |
American |
|
1952 |
Bubble chamber (nuclear particle detector) |
Donald Arthur Glaser |
American |
|
1953 |
Maser |
Charles Townes |
American |
|
1954 |
Solar battery |
Bell Telephone Laboratory scientists |
American |
|
1954 |
Polio vaccine |
Jonas Salk |
American |
|
1955 |
Synthetic diamonds |
General Electric scientists |
American |
|
1955 |
Carbon dating |
W.F. Libby |
American |
|
1955 |
Optical fibers |
Narinder S. Kapany |
Indian |
|
1956 |
Hovercraft |
Christopher Cockerell |
English |
|
1956 |
First prototype rotary engine |
Felix Wankel |
German |
|
1956 |
Videotape |
Charles Ginsberg |
American |
|
1957 |
Sodium-cooled atomic reactor |
U.S. government scientists |
American |
|
1957 |
Artificial earth satellite |
USSR government scientists |
Soviet |
|
1958 |
Communications satellite |
U.S. government scientists |
American |
|
1959 |
Integrated circuit |
Jack
Kilby |
American |
|
1960 |
Laser |
Charles Hard Townes, Arthur L. Schawlow, and Gordon Gould |
American |
|
1960 |
Chlorophyll synthesized |
Robert Burns Woodward |
American |
|
1960 |
Birth-control pill |
Gregory Pincus, John Rock, and |
American |
|
1962 |
Light-emitting diode (LED) |
Nick Holonyak, Jr. |
American |
|
1964 |
Liquid-crystal display |
George Heilmeier |
American |
|
1965 |
Kevlar technology |
Stephanie Kwolek |
American |
|
1966 |
Artificial heart (left ventricle) |
Michael Ellis DeBakey |
American |
|
1966 |
Tunable dye laser |
Mary Spaeth |
American |
|
1967 |
Human heart transplant |
Christiaan Neethling Barnard |
South Africa |
|
1970 |
First complete synthesis of a gene |
Har Gobind Khorana |
American |
|
1971 |
Microprocessor |
Ted Hoff |
American |
|
1971 |
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging |
Raymond Damadian |
American |
|
1972 |
Electronic pocket calculator |
J.S. Kilby and J.D. Merryman |
American |
|
1972 |
First magnetohydrodynamic power generator |
USSR government scientists |
Soviet |
|
1973 |
Skylab orbiting space laboratory |
U.S. government scientists |
American |
|
1974 |
Recombinant DNA (genetic engineering) |
U.S. scientists |
American |
|
1975 |
CAT (computerized axial tomography) scanner |
Godfrey N. Hounsfield |
British |
|
1975 |
Fiberoptics |
Bell Laboratories |
American |
|
1976 |
Supercomputer |
J.H. Van Tassel and Seymour Cray |
American |
|
1978 |
Synthesis of human insulin genes |
Roberto Crea, Tadaaki Hirose, Adam Kraszewski, and Keiichi Itakura |
American |
|
1978 |
Mammal to mammal gene transplants |
Paul Berg, Richard Mulligan, and Bruce Howard |
American |
|
1979 |
Compact disc |
Joop
Sinjou |
Dutch |
|
1979 |
Genetic flaw repaired in mouse cells by recombinant DNA and micromanipulation techniques |
W. French Anderson and coworkers |
American |
|
1981 |
Space transportation system (space shuttle) |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration engineers |
American |
|
1982 |
Artificial heart |
Robert K. Jarvik |
American |
|
1983 |
Scanning tunneling microscope |
Gerd
Binnig |
German |
|
1986 |
High-temperature superconductors |
J.
Georg Bednorz |
German |
|
1992 |
Magnetic boat |
Yoshiro Saji |
Japanese |
|
|
|||
Created by Mitul Kanani