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JABIR IBN HAIYAN
JABIR IBN HAIYAN, the alchemist Geber of the Middle Ages, is generally known as the father of chemistry. Abu Musa Jabir bin Hayyan, sometimes called al-Harrani an al Sufi, was the son of the druggist (Attar). He died in 803 C.E. Jabir"s major contribution was it he field of chemistry. He introduced experimental investigation into alchemy, which rapidly changed its character into modern chemistry. On the ruins of his well-known laboratory remained after centuries, but his fame rests on over 100 monumental treatises, of which 22 relate to chemistry and alchemy. His contribution o fundamental importance to chemistry includes perfection of scientific techniques such as crystallization, distillation, calcinations, sublimation, and evaporation and development of several instruments for the same. The fact of early development of chemistry as a distinct branch of science by the Arabs, instead of the earlier vague ideas, is well-established and the very name chemistry is derived from the Arabic word of al-Kimya, which was studied and developed extensively by the Muslim scientists.
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