Report
SMU Jubilee visits
Anjungan Bali TMII
Made by:
Tifanny Tjiptoning
Iranidya Pratama
2004/ 2005
Preface
First of all I want to thank God, because without Him I will not be able to complete this work. Next I also want to say a big thank you for the school, and especially Ms. Eka for that matter, for her English lessons. Thanks again for Mr. Wayan for his invaluable information on Bali traditional buildings, history and the habits of Bali people. The main purpose of making this report is to meet the project quota of English Language, besides of course there are still many other purposes, like to give some little information to the readers. I hope the information contained in this booklet can be helpful for the readers. Lastly, I understand that this report is still far away from the word �perfect�. I will try to recover the mistakes should they be here. I also need lots of feedback, be it advices, critiques or maybe even flames. Once again I bid you thank you and see you in another chance.
April 9th 2005,
Tifanny Tjiptoning
Contents
Cover i
Preface ii
Contents iii
Unit 1. First words 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Purpose and Advantages 1
Unit 2. Inside Anjungan Bali 2
2.1 Summarised coverage 2
2.2 Map of Anjungan Bali 2
2.3 The front yard 3
2.3.1 Bale Gong, Bale Pengambuhan and the life of Balinese music and art 3-4
2.4 Inside yard/ Jebu Dalem 4
2.5.1 Bale Aling-aling 4
2.5.2 Bale Ranggi, Bale Gede, Rangda monument and Merajan 4-5
2.5.3 Bale Gedong and Bale Gaung 5
2.5.4 Bale Dauh, Bale Jineng and Bale Paon 5
Unit 3. Closing 6
3.1 Conclusion 6
3.2 Opinions and critiques 6
3.3 Bibliography 6
Supplements 7-8
Unit 1. First words
1.1 Background
Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) is one amazing building, because it hosts many varieties of museums, ranging from Stamps Museum, Science and Technology museum, etc. Not only that, TMII is also the only building complex areas which presents anjungan for every province in Indonesia. In this multicultural country, of course TMII is an invaluable learning resource to learn about the origin of a culture society.
This time, the spotlight is on Anjungan Bali. We all know that Bali society, whose 80% of inhabitants is Hindu, is one of the main pillar of Indonesia�s tourism life. Traditional customs, all sorts of religious rituals which demands high disciplines, and many other unique and beautiful artistic works. These are only a bit of Bali�s main attraction. Later will be explained thoroughly in the next units.
1.2 Purpose and advantages
- To know more about the background and history of Bali society/ community.
- To know more about Bali traditional house.
- To know more about Bali traditional customs and religious rituals.
- To know more about the cultural arts of Bali.
Unit 2. Inside Anjungan Bali
2.1 Summarised coverage
Anjungan Bali has a quite spacey area, and is divided into 2 area, which is the front yard and the inside yard, just like a real Balinese house.
2.2 Map of Anjungan Bali
Legend:
A. Gapura Sirawari/ Wirayasa H. Bangunan suci Merajan
B. Bale Gong/ Bengong/ Kukul I. Bale Gedong
C. Panggung Sendratari/ Bale Pengambuhan J. Monumen Rangda
D. Bale Wanpilan K. Bale Gaung
E. Bale Aling-aling L. Bale Loji/ Dauh
F. Bale Ranggi M. Bale Jineng
G. Bale Gede N. Bale Paon
2.3 Front yard
Located here, a Gapura (= traditional Balinese large gate, made from bricks) which functions as the Anjungan entrance door, Bale Gong, Bale Wanpilan, dan Bale Pengambuhan.
This gapura is named �Wirayasa� which means warrior.
Bale Pengambuhan atau Bale Wanpilan (the big stage) is used for the performing of cultural performances, like traditional Balinese dance or Balinese music performance.
Another trivia, behind Bale Gong is Bale Paruman (doesn�t included in the map), which is used as canteen and souvenir selling.
2.3.1 Bale Gong, Bale Pengambuhan and the life of Balinese music and art
It was named Bale Gong because its initial function is to store musical instruments (Gong = a traditional Indonesian musical instrument). The total of musical instruments stored here is about 25.
Examples of traditional Balinese musical instruments: barungan, gamelan, gong kebyar, ceng-ceng, rebab, suling.
Examples of Balinese traditional songs: Gendot, Galangkangin, Tabuh telu, Gambang Suling.
A complete music group consists of about 35 people, but nowadays only about 12 people which take part in a music performance.
Kerawang
Balinese traditional musical instrument made from a mixture of gold and bronze. The more gold parts in it, the better the sound. The string is made from cow skin. The number of gold plates varies according to the type.
Jaigogan: The biggest and tallest type of the kind.
Ugal: tall, with a total of 10 plates.
Pemadai: number of plates and size is the same with ugal but is shorter.
Calung: the tallest and the smallest type of the kind, with only 5 plates.
Teropong
This musical instrument is played by only one person.
Made from wood and gold. The �bowls� are counted 10. The other type, reong, is smaller in size, with 12 bowls and is played by 4 people.
Gendang wayang
Other type: gendang Larang Wadeng.
In the earlier era, this Bale is named Bale Bengong/ Kukul, which functions like a resting villa and musical/ dance performance for the royal family.
2.4 Inside yard/ Jebu Dalem
The area which portraits the real situation of a traditional Balinese house. This area consists of separated buildings, and each building has its own function. All buildings are faced to the middle area, with purpose so that the entire family can supervise themselves. The middle area has the Rangda monument which is used for religious needs.
2.4.1 Bale Aling-aling
This Bale hosts a statue which symbols the Trunyan village. The village is inhabited by the genuine Bali people (Bali ague). Until now, there are about 300 families which taken in the Hindu Bayu religion. The location pf this village is in Batul Lake. This village also has a phenomenon, which is if a corpse is stored here in less than 10 days, then for those 10 days the corpse won�t spread out rotten scent; on the contrary, it will spread out fragrant scents. This phenomena is the namesake for the village name, Trunyan village, as Taru Menyan = those who spread fragrant scents.
In a real house, this Bale is believed to be functioned as like a spiritually impenetrable wall, which blocks people who have evil intentions to invade the house.
2.4.2 Bale Ranggi, Bale Gede, monumen Rangda and Merajan
Bale Ranggi is used to store religion instruments, which is why it�s equipped with a lock. In the anjungan it is used as a library.
Bale Gede is used as the bale to host cultural and religious ceremonies, teeth cutting, wedding reception, preparation or corpse temporary burial and the family head bedroom. In the anjungan it is used as a Yadya human ritual exhibition.
Holy building Merajan is used as a praying site and adoration of the family�s late ancestors.
Rangda God is believed as a disseminator of diseases, and that is why many Balinese worship this God to protect their families from getting bad luck.
2.4.3 Bale Gedong and Bale Gaung
Bale Gedong is a closed building which is used as a bedroom for children, girls and unmarried women, and is also used as a storehouse for house tools and jewelries. This place is also used for newly weds. In the anjungan this place is used for display purposes or religion ritual exhibitions in Bali.
Bale Gaung is used as a bedroom for unmarried boys. In the afternoon this place is used for the working of the family�s creative works, like knitting, statue carving and art painting.
2.4.4 Bale Dauh, Bale Jineng and Bale Paon
Bale Dauh is used as a building to welcome the family guests. In the anjungan this place is used as a display place for Bali traditional statues.
Bale Jineng or �lumbung� (= rice barn) is the place to store rice, and below it as the resting place for farmers and their families, while under the Bale is used as the place to store farming tools. In the anjungan this place is used to store anjungan items.
Bale Paon or kitchen is used as the place for cooking or dining place in the house. In the anjungan this place is used as a replica of the real Balinese kitchen.
Unit 3. Closing
3.1 Conclusion
Bali is one of the most interesting province in Indonesia. Bali society, although can make loads as Indonesia�s main tourism sector, still remember its origin, religion and traditional customs. As an example, Bali people still worship some Gods, like Rangda or Barong, where Rangda is the God responsible for bringin bad luck to people and Barong is believed as the prosperity bringer, the family protector and to war the Rangda God.
Bali society also believes other traditional philosophies, such as:
- Hitakrana: harmonic relationship between God, humans, and nature spirits.
- Butakala: Hinduism belief that evil spirits may invade one�s body to make him feel scared.
- Tatwamasih: ancient philosophy �I am You, You are Me�, which means that humans have to treat other humans respectfully.
- Karma: every problem which came is considered as a warning that that human has done something not in favor of God, so that human has to compensate for his sins.
As for traditional rituals and ceremonies, Bali people still believe in:
- Sidakarya: religious dancing ceremony, with the equipments king mask, governor mask, evil human mask, and monkey mask.
- Ngaben: traditional corpse cremation ceremony which is still done until today eras. Ngaben Tower is measured 30 metres, and is carried by about 200 people. This tower is made from wood, bamboos, and gold. The corpse is cremated in the topmost level, and the ash is thrown into the open sea.
3.2 Opinions and Critiques
The anjungan building is seen not in its perfect condition, maybe the government has to give extra attention to this matter. TMII is a great resource, and it�s too bad if it got damaged severely. In the other side, TMII has given a great local guide with clear information and trivia. Books don�t seem to be very complete, but other instruments (masks, etc), statues and paintings are still in good condition.
3.3 Sumber-sumber
Mr. Wayan, as the local guide in anjungan Bali.
Pictures and numerous informations from TMII�s official website.
Map and other pictures original creation.
Supplements
Pictures in anjungan Bali