Australia
Bulgaria
Canada
China
Cuba
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Fed Rep Germany
German Dem R
Germany (1)
Great Britain
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Japan
Korea (South)
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Romania
Russia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
USA
USSR (2)
Yugoslavia
1948
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.4
3.7
5.9
7.4


N
2.2
0.0
7.4
5.9
N
0.0
1.5
3.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0

0.0
11.8
3.7
4.4

27.9
W
0.0
1948
1952
4.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0
4.7
1.3
4.0
4.0
0.0


0.7
0.0
10.7
5.4
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
2.0
0.7
0.7

0.0
8.1
1.3
1.3

26.8
14.8
0.7
1952
1956
8.6
0.7
1.3
B
0.0
0.7
0.7
2.0
2.6


4.6
4.0
0.0
6.0
5.3
2.6
0.0
0.7
B*
1.3
0.7
0.7
3.3

B*
5.3
B*
2.0

21.2
24.5
0.0
1956
1960
5.3
0.7
0.0
W
0.0
2.0
1.3
0.7
0.0


8.0
1.3
0.7
4.0
8.7
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.3
0.7
2.7
2.0

0.0
0.7
0.0
4.7

22.7
28.7
0.7
1960
1964
3.7
1.8
0.6
W
0.0
3.1
1.2
1.8
0.6


6.1
2.5
0.0
6.1
6.1
9.8
0.0
0.0
1.2
1.8
0.0
4.3
1.2

0.0
1.2
0.6
1.2

22.1
18.4
1.2
1964
1968
2.9
1.2
0.6
W
0.0
4.1
0.6
0.6
0.0
2.9
5.2

2.9
0.0
5.8
1.7
6.4
0.0
1.7
1.7
0.6
0.6
2.9
2.3

0.0
1.2
0.0
1.2

26.2
16.9
1.7
1968
1972
4.1
3.1
0.0
W
1.5
1.0
0.5
1.5
1.0
6.7
10.3

2.1
0.0
3.1
2.6
6.7
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.5
1.0
3.6
1.5

0.0
2.1
0.0
0.0

16.9
25.6
1.0
1972
1976
0.0
3.0
0.0
W
3.0
1.0
0.5
2.0
1.0
5.1
20.2

1.5
0.0
2.0
1.0
4.5
0.5
0.5
0.0
1.0
0.5
3.5
2.0

0.0
2.0
0.5
0.0

17.2
24.7
1.0
1976
1980
1.0
3.9
B
B
3.9
1.0
1.0
1.5
3.0
B
23.2

2.5
0.5
3.4
3.9
B
B
0.0
B
B
B
1.5
3.0

0.5
1.5
1.0
B

B
39.4
1.0
1980
1984
1.8
B
4.5
6.8
B
0.0
0.0
1.8
2.3
7.7
B

2.3
0.0
B
6.3
4.5
2.7
0.9
2.3
3.6
0.0
B
9.0

0.5
0.9
0.0
0.0

37.6
0.0
3.2
1984
1988
1.3
4.2
1.3
2.1
B
1.3
0.8
0.4
2.5
4.6
15.6

2.1
0.0
4.6
2.5
1.7
5.1
0.0
0.8
1.3
0.8
0.8
3.0

0.4
0.0
0.0
0.4

15.2
23.2
1.3
1988
1992
2.7
1.2
2.3
6.2
5.4
1.6
0.4
0.4
3.1

X
12.8
1.9
0.8
4.3
2.3
1.2
4.7
0.0
0.8
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6

5.1
0.4
0.4
0.8

14.4
17.5
X
1992
2000
5.3
1.7
1.0
9.3
3.7
X
0.7
0.7
4.3

X
4.3
3.7
1.3
2.7
4.3
1.7
2.7
0.3
4.0
0.3
1.3
2.0
3.7
10.7
1.0
1.3
0.3
1.0
1.0
13.3
X
X
2000
2004
5.6
0.7
1.0
10.6
3.0
X
0.7
0.0
3.7

X
4.7
3.0
2.0
2.7
3.3
5.3
3.0
0.0
1.3
1.0
1.7
1.0
2.7
9.0
1.0
1.3
0.3
1.0
3.0
11.6
X
X
2004
Key:-

B =Boycotted
B*=Boycotted the games in Melbourne, equestrian events took place in Stockholm
N =Not invited
W=Not part of Olympic movement
X= State had ceased to exist 
X*=Serbia & Montenegro used the name "Yugoslavia" in 1996, and won one gold medal
(1) = a unified German team took part from 1956-1964, although both German states were independent
(2) = a "united team" of 12 former Soviet Republics took part in 1992
Performances by leading countries from 1948-2004
The figures on this table represent the percentage of gold medals available won by leading countries from 1948-2004. Fpr example, the USA won 27.9 % of all gold medals in 1948, but only 11.6% of them in 2004.  Only those countries which were amongst the top ten at any one games have been included, as well as Greece and Mexico which I have added as they have both hosted the Olympics.Unsurprisingly, no African or South American country makes the list.

Of  interest is the steady decline of American pre-eminence, and also that of overall German achievements since unification; the rise of China; the failure of Franco's Spain to win a single gold medal; the renaissance of Australia, the general hopelessness of Canada; the decline of Hungary, Sweden & Finland, and the fact that Great Britain's successes in 2000 & 2004 are outranked by 1956.
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1996
3.3
1.1
1.1
5.9
3.3
X
1.5
0.4
5.5

X
7.4
0.4
1.5
2.6
4.8
1.1
2.6
0.0
1.5
1.1
0.7
2.6
1.5
9.6
1.8
0.7
1.5
1.5
3.3
16.2
X
X*
1996
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