The Past Perfect Simple and Continuous

زمن الماضي التام و المستمر

Here are the grammar rules for the Past Perfect Simple and Continuous.

How to use the Past Perfect Simple.

1. Like all the Perfect tenses the Past Perfect looks back in time. The Past Perfect is used to look back in time from the past.

1. مثل كُلّ tenses المثالي، الماضي يُتقنُ يَنْظرَ للوراء بمرور الوقت. الماضي المثالي يُستَعملُ لنَظْر للوراء بمرور الوقت مِنْ الماضي.

2. The Past Perfect is used to tell us about an event which happened before another one in the past e.g.,

2. الماضي المثالي يُستَعملُ لإخْبارنا عن حدثَ الذي حَدثَ قبل واحد آخرِ في الماضي ومثال على ذلكِ: - ,
 

I had finished all my shopping before you arrived.

- so the first thing which happened was the shopping and then this was followed by the arrival.

 

3. The Past Perfect is used to show in what order past actions happened. The action in the Past Perfect happened furthest ago.

3. المثالية الماضية تُستَعملُ للتَشويف في الذي يَطْلبُ أعمالَ ماضيةَ حَدثتْ. العمل في المثاليِ الماضيِ حَدثَ مضى أبعد.
 

4. The Past Perfect is used in telling stories and helps show the sequence of events.

4. إنّ الماضي المثاليَ مستعملُ في إخْبار القصصِ ويُساعدُ على تَشويف سلسلةِ الأحداثِ.
 

5. The Past Perfect and the Past Simple are used like this:

5. إنّ الماضي يُتقنُ والماضي بسيطَ يَستعملُ مثل هذا:
 

When I came, he left. = First I came then he left.

When I came, she had left. = She left before I came.

The Past Perfect tells us which of the two actions happened first.

الماضي التام يُخبرَنا الذي مِنْ العملين حَدثنَا أولاً.
 

How to use the Past Perfect Continuous.

كَيفَ يَستعملُ الماضي التام مستمرَ.
 

The Past Perfect Continuous is used to describe actions that happened before other actions and over a longer period of time. This emphasises the duration of the activity e.g.,

زمن الماضي التام المستمر تُستَعملُ لوَصْف الأعمالِ الذي حَدثَ قبل الأعمالِ الأخرى وعلى a فترة زمنية أطول. هذا يُؤكّدُ مدّةَ النشاطِ ومثال على ذلكِ: - ,

I had been trying to find it for 2 hours before I saw it on the carpet.

 

How to make the Past Perfect Simple.

كَيفَ يَجْعلُ الماضي التام بسيطاً.
 

1. We use had + Past Participle.

I | | gone ...

you | had | been ...

we | | seen ...

they | | played ...

_______________________ | smoked

he | | visited

she | had | kissed

it | | kicked

 

2. Questions.

2. الأسئلة.
 

We use had + subject + past participle. e.g.,

نَستعملُ كَانَ عِنْدَنا +الفاعل + إسم مفعول. ومثال على ذلك: - ,
 

Had you seen the Palace before?

Had he ever been to London?

Had they been in your new car before?

 

3. Negatives.   النفي

We use hadn't (or had not) + past participle. e.g.,

He hadn't ever eaten snails.

I hadn't done any work until yesterday.

They hadn't bought a new car before this one.

 

How to make the Past Perfect Continuous.           كيف يتكون الماضي التام المستمر

1. We use had been + verb + ing.

I | | going ...

you | had been | buying ...

we | | seeing ...

they | | playing ...

| smoking

he | | visiting

she | had been | kissing

it | | kicking

 

2. Questions.

We use had + subject + been + verb + ing. e.g.,

Had you been seeing John?

Had he been writing to you?

Had they been playing for many years?

 

3. Negatives.

We use hadn't (or had not) + been + verb + ing. e.g.,

He'd never been skiing.

I hadn't been doing any work.

They hadn't been studying very hard before the exam.

Look at these sentences about the Past Perfect Simple and Continuous. Drag in the missing word.

إنظرْ إلى هذه الجُمَلِ حول الماضي التام  البسيطً والمستمرَ. أسحب في الكلمةِ المفقودةِ.
 

The Past Perfect Simple is made with had + past participle.

The Past Perfect Simple is used to look back in time from the past.

The Past Perfect Continuous is used to describe actions that happened over a longer period of time.

The Past Perfect Simple is used to tell us about an event which happened before another in the past.

The Past Perfect Continuous is formed with had been + verb + ing.

The action in the Past Perfect happened longest ago.

Read these sentences and click on the correct verb form - the Past Perfect Continuous or Simple.

The police knew he had sold / he had been selling drugs for years.

My legs were very tired as I had run / had been running for a couple of hours.

I was so hungry by 6pm I hadn't had / hadn't been having any food all day.

She had worked / had been working in the garden all morning without any help at all.

Luckily I had insured / had been insuring my car before I had the accident.

We didn't know how good their team was as we hadn't played / hadn't been playing them before.

We had to take him to hospital after he had cut / had been cutting himself badly.

I had driven / had been driving for 27 years without an accident.

How long had you gone / had you been going out with her before you asked her to marry you?

He got a fine of £80 because he had broken / had been breaking the speed limit last Saturday.

Read these sentences and type in the verb in brackets at the end in the correct tense. Use

إقرأْ هذه الجُمَلِ وإطبعْ الفعلَ في الأقواسِ في النهايةِ في الزمنِ الصحيحِ. الإستعمال لـزمن

the Past Simple or the Past Perfect.

I missed the first part of the film because I hadn't been able to find anywhere to park. (be able)

When we got to the party we discovered it had finished an hour previously. (finish)

She got back from holiday to find that someone had broken into her house. (break)

The winner came out of the house after he had been there for eight weeks. (come)

After he had won the contest the TV asked him to appear on a chat show. (ask)

I was very upset when I learnt that Princess Diana had died. (die)

When I came back from China I hadn't spoken English for 2 months. (speak)

Why did you buy that awful purple shirt? (you / buy)

I didn't recognise her at all as we hadn't seen each other since leaving school. (recognise)

When did he move into his new house? (he / move)
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