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The Past Continuous. زمن الماضي المستمر 1. The Past Continuous tense is used to describe an event in the past that started before a time and continued after it. e.g., و يستخدم ليصف حدثا بدأ قبل فترة و أستمر بعدها As he was swimming away, the ship sank. While he was having a bath, the telephone rang. We crashed when I wasn't looking.   2. The Past Continuous tense is used to describe a temporary event in the past e.g., يستخدم ليصف حدثا معينا في الماضي I was living in Madrid, when I was a student. She was working as a waitress, while at drama school. Angie was teaching with me, when we met.   3. The Past Continuous and the Past Simple. الماضي المستمر و علاقته بالماضي البسيط a) The Past Continuous and the Past Simple are often used together. The Past Continuous tells us about the background information and often about the action which started first and went on longest - here, was driving. يستخدما الزمنان معا إلا ان الماضي المستمر يخبرنا عن الحدث الذي بدأ اولا و استمر مدة أطول b) The Past Simple tells us about what happened while the longer continued action was going on - here, heard. بينما الماضي البسيط يخبرنا بالفعل الذي حدث أثناء حدوث الفعل الأطول ( الماضي المستمر ) ه She was driving to the airport, when she heard the bad news on her car radio.   4. The Past Continuous is often used with 'as', 'while', 'when' e.g., as  ( أثناء / بينما )  ,   while  ( أثناء / بينما )   ,  when  يستخدم الماضي المستمر غالبا مع :     عندما   While he was swimming away, the ship exploded. As we were talking, John appeared.   5. The Past Continuous and 'always' is used to say you don't like people's habits.                لتقول انك لا تحب عادات الناس  'always'       تستخدم كلمة ( دائما )ه   'Always' goes between was / were and the verb + ing e.g., ing  و بين الفعل و الـ was / were   بين الـ always   و توضع كلمة : دائما She was always losing her keys. They were always telephoning us late at night.   6. If two events happen one after another - they both go in the past simple. لو حدث فعلان واحدا  بعد الآخر فإن كلاهما يأتي في زمن الماضي البسيط   How to make the Past Continuous. تكوين زمن الماضي المستمر We make the Past Continuous tense with the verbs 'was / were' + verb + ing. was verb      الفعل ing were 1. Positive                                                                                                                                       الإثبات I was reading a book. You were staying here. He was living in Munich. She was playing tennis. It was raining. We were going out when the bomb exploded. You were staying with me. They were visiting friends.   2. Negative - we make the negative with 'was / were' + not + verb + ing.   ing و الفعل و   was  /  were  بين    not  في النفي نضع كلمة                 I wasn't / I was not reading a book. You weren't / You were not staying here. He wasn't / He was not living in Munich. She wasn't / She was not playing tennis. It wasn't / It was not raining. We weren't / We were not going out tonight. You weren't / You were not going to the shops. They weren't / They were not visiting friends.   3. Questions - we make questions with 'was / were' + subject + verb + ing. في السؤال يكون تركيب الجملة كالآتي من اليسار لليمين 'was / were' + الفاعل + الفعل  + ing               1                  2            3        4        Was I reading a book? Were you staying there? Was he living in Munich? Was she playing tennis? Was it raining? Were we earning money? Were you getting richer? Were they visiting friends?   4. Short answers                                                                                                     الإجابات المختصرة Positive    الصيغة بالإيجاب.          Negative   النفي المختصر        Full Negative Form  صيغة النفي الكاملة Yes, I was.                               No, I wasn't.                       No, I was not. Yes, you were.                       No, you weren't.               No, you were not. Yes, he was.                           No, he wasn't.                   No, he was not. Yes, she was.                        No, she wasn't.                  No, she was not. Yes, it was.                             No, it wasn't.                       No, it was not. Yes, we were.                        No, we weren't.                   No, we were not. Yes, you were.                      No, you weren't.                 No, you were not. Yes, they were.                     No, they weren't.                No, they were not.   5. Spelling rules for verb + ing                                                               ing  قواعد التهجي للفعل و a) Put -ing on the verb e.g.,                                                                                للفعل   ing  نضع wash - washing, read - reading, sleep - sleeping. b) For verbs finishing with -e take off the -e and put -ing e.g.,      ing     ثم نضع الـ     e   نحذف الـ     e الأفعال المنتهية بحرف الـ drive - driving, use - using, write - writing. c) For verbs with a short vowel sound and one consonant double the consonant and put on -ing e.g., ing  و تنتهي بحرف ساكن فنكرر الحرف الساكن ثم نضيف الـ   a.e.i.o.u  الأفعال ذات المقطع الواحد و في وسطها حرف متحرك swim - swimming, sit - sitting, put - putting.   Many verbs can NOT be used in the Past Continuous e.g., و هناك افعال كثيرة لا تستخدم في زمن الماضي المستمر know, understand, want, wish

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