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| Miguel Galv�n Ruiz |
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| Improvement of lime for their application in compound materials Doctoral research line: materials (2005-2008). Presents: Miguel Galvan Ruiz. Civil Engineer - Engineering Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Master of Science in Engineering - Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro. Advisors: Dr. Juan Bosco Hernandez Zaragoza. Dr. Mario Enrique Rodriguez Garcia. The problem Lime as adhesive in construction industry have been displaced by the Portland cement, that in spite of acquiring quick resistance in concrete, it has a superior price in Mexican market and implies bigger energy expense in their production, with the consequent high emission of greenhouse effect gases; lime overcomes to cement in impermeability, flexibility and adherence. The discussion is how to replace the air lime compound materials that acquire resistance after its slow reaction with the carbon dioxide from the air, for other obtained through the addition of low cost materials with pozzolanic effect that add hydraulicity (that is the property of a binder to harden in contact with water) to the lime, and improve its mechanical strength, reducing the energy expenses and the emission of greenhouse effect gases, as well as propitiate competition with the cement industry in construction specific applications, with consumers benefits. General objective Improvement of lime produced in Queretaro State region, optimizing their application in compound materials for construction. Specific objectives 1 Physico-chemical and mineralogical characterization of the Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3), the Calcium Oxide (CaO) and the Calcium Hydroxide (CA(OH)2), from the Queretaro State lime industry. 2 Locate and characterize materials banks with pozzolan activity, available for their incorporation in hydraulic lime production for construction pourposes. 3 Design optimum calcium hydroxide/pozzolan mixture, that impulse the commercial production of hydraulic lime over air lime, as a function of the product quality improvement and their financial viability. 4 Optimize the forced carbonatation of prefabricated products based in lime as adhesive, with combustion gases during Calcium Oxide production in kilns. |
| Research |
| Addendum |
| During nixtamalization, lime is fundamental in the process; at present time exist several marks of commercial lime that come from different banks; each one of them is different. Lime utilized for nixtamalization in Mexico and Central America is the same employed in construction. Calcium in tortillas varies from 0.07 to 0.5% (endogenous content in corn kernel); tortillas provide an important Calcium source to the population's diet. It is desirable to discard the presence of heavy metals and other dangerous substances for human health that could be present in the Calcium Hydroxide; during research we concluded that it is possible to use any mark of available commercial lime in market for nixtamalization, nevertheless that it doesn't contain the minimum of 90% of Calcium Hydroxide established in the international regulations, whenever it doesn't contain pollutants beyond the limits considered health safe in the corresponding norms. |
| Publications |
| 1. Dualidad cal-maiz. Book chapter under arbitration; Dr. Mario E. Rodr�guez Garcia, editor. FCE, 2006. 2. Physico-chemical characterization of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide for human consumption. M. Galvan-Ruiz, M. E. Rodriguez Garcia, and Hernandez-Zaragoza, J. B. Proposed to: International Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2006. Impact factor: 0.72 |