Rumen

Author:DR.R.Menaka

...........................................................................................................................................................................................

A. Tunica mucosa - forms small and large tongue shaped or conical papillae.

i. Epithelium - Stratified Squamous epithelium - cornifying type and the stratum corneum forms relatively thick layer on the summits of the papillae.

ii. Lamina propria- Consists of a dense network of fine collagenous and many elastic fibers.

iii. Lamina muscularis - is absent

B. Submucosa - is loose and blends with lamina propria without any line of demarcation.

C. Tunica muscularis - two layers of skeletal muscle - an outer longitudinal and inner circular type.

D. Tunica serosa-  consists of varying amount of white adipose tissue, blood vessels, lymphvessels and nerves  are located in the loose connective tissue of serosa layer.

Reticulum

A. Tunica mucosa- beras numerous microscopic papillae which have a central core of connective tissue and covered by stratified squamous epithelium cornifying type in very large fold of a band of smooth muscle fibers occurs running in the same direction as the fold itself.

iii. Lamina muscularis - is made up of smooth muscles

C. Tunica muscularis - two layers of muscle fibers

D. Tunica serosa- is present as described in the rumen

Omasum

A. Tunica mucosa- the mucous layer bears numerous folds or omasal laminae of different sizes. These folds are studded with numerous papillae.

Each laminae or laminal folds includes-

a. Mucosae- epithelium - stratified squamous epithelium

b. Muscularis mucosa or lamina muscularis

c. Submucosa

Lamina muscularis is distinct and extends in to the folds

C. Tunica muscularis - made up of two layers of smooth muscle fibers

D. Tunica serosa- is present

Abomasum

The mucosa of abomasum has all the characteristic glandular regions of the stomach.

A. Tunica mucosa - the mucosa has extensive folds i.e. known as gastric folds which flatten as the stomach fills.

The mucosal surface is covered with small invaginations called gastric pits which are continuous with the gastric glands and receives their secretary products.

i. Epithelium - Simple columnar epithelium

ii. Lamina propria - the gastric galnds are densely packed. However loose connective tissue is often difficult to visualize in this area because of large amounts of gastric glands distribution.

In carnivore - a layer of densely packed collegen fibers called the stratum compactum. This  is found between the base of the gastric glands and lamina muscularis.

Stratum compactum - consisting of an elastic network and a dense, hyaline collagenous substances

Significance

    The function of this layer may be to limit penertion of the stomach wall by sharp bones

iii. Lamina muscularis- relatively thick usually comprising 3 layers. Small bundles of smooth muscle extends into the lamina propria.

The glandular region of the mucosa of the stomach is divided into three distinct smaller regions. Based on the various glandular types.

Back to Top                  Back to Tongue             Back to Home