Have you ever thought that people, who lived before the twentieth century, did have an intelligence of manage something? Actually, we can say that they had some abilities since there had been understanding of management even in Sumerians and Egyptians at the beginning of the Neolithic age, but they could not be aware of management theory and concept of manage a company or manage a farmland. They gained some abilities due to the some reformable movements such as industrial revolutions. However, there weren’t enough innovations in management area, and existing management techniques can only be the basic foundations for the companies. Also, in many countries, for example in India, there weren’t economic independence, so management concept can not be developed rapidly. Those things were the same for many countries except Europe in that time. I believe that there are three reasons that the management was not a recognized discipline before twentieth centuries: Firstly, people were not ready to work together and not aware of the leader’s importance or it can be said that late understanding of industrial revolution, secondly, wars and economic inconsistencies and collapses had been in many countries, and finally, world was not ready to innovations and intellectual way of thinking.

First of all, it is important to emphasize that past centuries people had lack of understanding of leadership and working together. Particularly, in 19^th century, there would be many industrial companies, but these companies were managed by the owners that could not have the management abilities. As a result of that, companies were “the restricted type of emperors”. Also, before the industrial revolution, there was no big companies, or factories had found. However, there was not enough knowledge to materialize classical perspective of management. Until the end of the 19^th century, people did not look at management as a important part of a one company. Moreover, working together and sharing work were not the wanted things, but in the twentieth century F.W. Taylor found assembly line and many other techniques at the end of the 19^th century and beginning of the 20^th century. From Taylor’s innovations, we can understand that people, in 19^th century and before the 19^th century, were having conceptual and scientific development which is called industrial revolution; nevertheless, at that time, it was too early to discover something that could be useful such as effective and efficient management.

In addition, I believe that wars and economic inconsistencies were the main reason of the management was not a recognized discipline until the twentieth century. First of all, it is better to mention about the economic inconsistencies and collapses. At the end of the 18^th century Napoleon invasion begun with French revolution and many countries were suffered. After that, the economic innovations cut out. Also, in 19^th century world economy suffered from high inflation. For example, Ottoman currency lost great amount of asset due to the wars and mismanagement in government foundations at the beginning of 19^th century. Because of these economic problems, investors couldn’t be successful to become more developed, and that caused to lose the affects of company managers since people believe that they are ineffective. Furthermore, wars were the reason of backwardness in management. Due to the wars, many countries economy were depend on war industry, so that the only way of thinking of manage something was produce more weapons than other country did. Relatively, countries had to spend their income to produce more weapons. Also, in global area, there are few countries that had their independence. From these independent ones, few of them were successful to find a way to management techniques. For example, nearly, all Asian countries had been under control of imperialist way of thinking. Those countries were even careless to apply new techniques in 20^th century.

Finally, world was not ready to innovations and intellectual way of thinking. In 19^th century, with the useful effects of industrial revolution, there were many people that were thinking of increase the quality of factories and workshops. For example, FW Taylor, Mary Parker Follet and Max Webber were the important ones. After these significant people, modern way of management has started. They found great innovations and developments. F.W. Taylor found the scientific management that we can explain easily like “there is always the best way of doing something”. Unfortunately all of these things became popular after these people had died. Moreover, before the industrial revolution, there were a conceptual development, but in my opinion, the government of countries were not ready to change basic opinions. As a result, new concepts in management accepted in twentieth century.

All in all, human beings were not successful to understand and realize new way of thinking rapidly. This may prevent the faster development in management. However, although, there was something that went wrong, management has become the most important job and in every company, there are managers whom are developing their selves with new techniques. As a result, we may not witness the incidents that human beings encountered in the past.

“Labor Unions and Labor Management:1900-1930” http://www.h-net.org/~business/bhcweb/publications/BEHprint/v011/p0150-p0158.pdf

Lowell E. Gallaway, “The Origin and Early Years of the Federation of flat Glass Workers of America,” Labor Histury, Vol.3 (Winter 1962).

“Management in 19th century” ,Nwesletter, October 2001.

Reis,D. Joseph “A Conspectus of Management Control Theory: 1900-1972”. www.bus.lsu.edu/management/faculty/abedeian/articles/ConspectusControlTheory-AMJ1974.pdf

“Scientists”, http://www.bilimveteknoloji.com/ .

Taylor, Frederick Winslow, “The scientific management and ‘the one best way’”.