A. What is sport and exercise psychology?
1. It is the application of psychology—the scientific study of
behavior and cognitive processes-- to sport and exercise contents. These contexts involve skill, competition,
and strategies, and engaged in for the enjoyment or recreation of participants
and observers
2. Two major applications
a.
How do psychological
factors impact physical and motor performance?
b.
How does sports and
exercise participation influence psychological factors, health, and well-being
Question: What kinds of activities might a sports psychologist do? How do these activities help define a sports psychologist?
3. Sport psychology as a subspecialty of psychology
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Clinical |
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Counseling |
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Educational |
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Experimental |
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Industrial/Organizational |
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Developmental |
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Social/Personality |
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School Psychology |
4. Roles of sport psychologists: research, teaching, and consulting
Consulting may involve assessment,
intervention, crisis intervention, and prevention
5. Clinical and educational sport psychology
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Clinical |
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A licensed psychologist trained to work with those who
have serious |
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emotional disorders such as depression, eating disorders,
and |
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substance abuse. |
Educational
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Serves |
as coach or
teacher to help with anxiety, confidence, etc. |
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6. Why are there sport psychologists?
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Athletes pushing boundaries |
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Sports and politics |
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The financial side: salaries and team earnings, television
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Sports accomplishments as recognition |
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Extent of sports involvement: players and spectators |
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The fitness and exercise movement |
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Organized
sports programs for children |
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7. |
Who do sport and exercise psychologists
work with? People of all ages, all
athletic abilities, and those physically and mentally handicapped; players,
coaches, and fitness leaders |
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8. History of Sport Psychology
Six main periods going from “the early years” to “contemporary period”
Coleman
Griffith
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He was the “father” of sport psychology |
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First to devote career to psychology of sport (writes two books, |
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The Psychology of Coaching (1926)
and |
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Psychology and Athletics (1928) and 25 research
articles |
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Hired as Chicago Cubs sport psychologist |
Bruce
Ogilvie
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He is known as the “father” of applied sport psychology |
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Problem Athletes and How to Handle Them (1966) |
9. Organizations, journals, and certification
Major
Sport & Exercise Psychology Organizations
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North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and
Physical Activity (NASPSPA) |
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Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport
Psychology (AAASP) |
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American Psychology Association - Division 47 |
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International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP) |
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Sport
& Exercise Psychology Journals
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Journal of Applied Sport Psychology The Sport Psychologist Journal of Sport & Exercise
Psychology International Journal of Sport
Psychology Research Quarterly for Exercise &
Sport Journal of Sport Behavior 10.
The knowledge base in sport psychology |
a.
Scientific knowledge
(systematic, controlled conditions, empirical, critical evaluation). The goal is to develop a theory.
What
is the experimental method? What is
internal validity and external validity?
b.
Professional practice
knowledge.
c.
Importance of
integrating scientific and practice knowledge.
d.
The art of sport
psychology-recognizing when and how basic principles apply.
11. Three orientations
a.
psychophysiological: focus on brain and CNS
b.
social psychological: focus on person in relation to environment
c.
cognitive-behavioral: focus on thoughts and impact on behavior
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