There are 2 basic cell types: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

 

All cells, whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic have some common features.

 

The common features are:

1. DNA- genetic material located in a nucleiod region in prokaryotes and in the nucleus in eukaryotes.
2. Plasma membrane (cell membrane)- phospholipid bilayer with proteins that separates the cell from the surrounding environment and functions as a selective barrier for the import and export of materials.
3. Cytoplasm- the rest of the material of the cell within the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleiod region or nucleus, that consists of a fluid portion and organelles are suspended in it.
4. Ribosomes- the organelles that make proteins.

 

Prokaryotic cells:

 

·               Bacteria are prokaryotes. The simplest cellular organisms

·               Do not have a nucleus

·               Do not have membranous organelles

·               DNA is located in a nucleiod region that has no surrounding membrane

 

Eukaryotic cells:

 

·               Animals, plants fungi and protests are eukaryotes.

·               Contain a membrane bound nucleus

·               Contain membrane enclosed organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, golgi bodies)

·               DNA is found in the nucleus