| IGCSE study notes
Topics: | | Exam Techniques | Germany,1919-45 | IGCSE Biology | IGCSE Business | IGCSE Chemistry | IGCSE Geography | IGCSE History | IGCSE Physics | Study Techniques |
IGCSE Biology -
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is defined as the maintenance of
constant internal conditions within organisms. The principle can be
developed in a wide range of contexts, including the maintenance of
balanced water levels in the blood, the regulation of body temperature in
mammals, the regulation of blood glucose levels and the removal of
excretory products, such as urea.
IGCSE Biology - Responding
to Changes in the Environment
All organisms respond to
chnges in their environment and this section explores some of the ways in
which they do this. The human eye is studied as an example of a receptor
organ.
IGCSE Biology -
Respiration
This section introduces respiration as a process
for transferring energy from food (e.g. glucose) to the cells of an
organism. Oxygen is normally required for respiration and carbon dioxide
is produced as a waste product.
IGCSE Biology - Transport
Systems - The Blood, Heart and Transport in Plants
This
section allows transport systems to be examined. The need for transport
systems in large organisms is considered, together with the ways in which
the major transport systems of plants and mammals function.
IGCSE Biology - Gaseous
Exchange in Animals
This section provides the opportunity
for investigating how the human breathing system allows the exchange of
fases between alveoli and the blood caplillaries. The effects of cigarette
smoke on health are considered.
IGCSE Biology -
Photosynthesis
This section examines the physiology of
photosynthesis and how it related to agriculture and food production. The
value of photosynthesis as an oxygen producing process is examined and is
related to the maintenance of the composition of the atmosphere.
IGCSE Biology -
Digestion
Digestion is presented as a means of transforming
complex food substances into smaller molecules prior to absorption into
the body. The functions of the human digestive systems are examined, as
well as the role of enzymes as catalysts.
IGCSE Biology - Support and
Movement
This section develops ideas about how organisms
support themselves. Plant stems are strong and flexible and the importance
of lignin and turgidity in supporting cells are considered. The functions
of skeletons and muscles in animal movement are developed. An
understanding of joints and muscles can be used to discuss sports
injuries, athletic training and diseases such as arthiritis.
IGCSE Biology - Cellular
Organisation and Function
This section looks at the cell as
the basic unit from which most living organisms are constructed. The pats
of a cell are identified and their functions considered. Differences
between plant and animal cells performing different functins within a
plant or animal are discussed. The particular role of the cell membrane in
the uptake or loss of water is examined.
IGCSE Biology - The
Principles of Biological Classification and ther Diversity of
Organisms
All organism within a group show certain common
characteristics that have been used to place them in that group. Organisms
have a large number of different characteristics, many of which enable
them to survive in the ecosystem in which they live.
Welcome to
CramNotes
Welcome to CramNotes. Free IGCSE study notes,
as well as essay writing articles and other essay writing and studying
resources
|
