October 1993    SRJ
3
The Angel Within
C. Fred Kleinknecht 
6
Masonic Tiffany Windows
William D. Moore 
8
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial
John W. Boettjer 
10
The Shining Ring
George E. Waren
13
The Studley Tool Chest
William Sampson 
18 
Masonic Symbols Decorating Our History
Mimi Handler 
24
Biennial Session Medallions Album 
25
The Lodge That Moved An Organ Factory
Emory F. Scott 
28
Ann Landers And Freemasonry 
29
Cornerstones Of Freedom  S. Brent Morris
34
Current Interest 
	34	Kentucky Celebrates
	35	President of Sojourners
        35      Amaranth Nears $2 Million
        36      Lamont Aldinni Pack, 33
        37      Patients Get A Lift
        38      Dennis E. Provencher, 33
	38	Unique Installation
	39	Philippines Gr\  	Cmdr\
	39	Pensacola Flag Day 
	40	Brother Brewer Honored 
	41	NATO Bases Reunion
	42	Masonic Food Drive
        42      Masonry's Triple Crown
	43	Alabama DeMolay Conclave
	44	S. Barry Casey, 33	
45	Where Do You Do 
	Your Shopping?
	Thomas E. Boles
47      Pipin' In The Haggis
	Ernest A. Neath
49	Sleep Apnea
	Morton B. Blager
52	Masonic Roots
	William A. McGinnis
54	Instructions From
	A Mason
	Rodney M. Larson
56	The Story Of A  Sailor
	William I. Miller
58	Book Reviews
	S. Brent Morris
61	Cornerstone Video Tape
63	Cornestone  Art Print
64	S. R. Visa Card

THE ANGEL WITHIN
The Grand Commander Frankly Speaking
C. Fred Kleinknecht, 33

THE story goes that Michelangelo was beginning a new sculpture from a
monumental piece of marble. It was a particularly hard stone and flawed in
several places. A fellow artist asked how he could hope to achieve his
sublime vision with so difficult a material. Michelangelo is said to have
responded, "There is an angel within this rock. All I have to do is set it
free!"

        Isn't this the mission of Freemasonry, to bring out the best from
faulted existence and human nature? To take the rough stone and make it
into a perfect ashlar? Truly, Freemasonry makes good men betterbetter
husbands and fathers, better workers and teachers, better citizens and
church members. Our Fraternity does not compete. Rather it enhances and
encourages each Brother's participation in the groups or activities of his
choice. The synergy, the coordinated and increased energy, created by
Freemasonry can be seen everywhere in the dynamic participation of Masons
in civic and service clubs as well as in their leadership roles in
professional and religious affiliations.

        Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one's courage, and
Freemasonry can inspire each Brother with the moral fibre and personal
commitment so essential to success. Success, after all, is failure turned
inside out. Despite inevitable setbacks, we can achieve our goals if we
keep our faith strong and our spirit fresh. Bernard Baruch, the famous
American financier, offered this formula for success: "Take the obvious,
add a cupful of brains, a generous pinch of imagination, a bucketful of
courage and daring, stir well and bring to a boil."

        This is exactly what Freemasons have always done  so well because
Freemasonry gives them a foundation of principle and practice from which to
build. Regarding values, what better basis than our Craft's belief in God,
country, and self? Regarding practice, what better training ground than
Symbolic Lodge Freemasonry, the Scottish Rite, and other Appendant Bodies
where Brothers can learn to follow as well as lead? Remember serving on
your first Masonic committee? There was work, hard work, involved. But you
learned to cooperate with others and to follow good leadership. Then you
had the thrill of success as the program came off beautifully or your
common goal was achieved.

        Or remember your first Masonic leadership position and the values
it taught? Perhaps you had to speak in public for the first time. Perhaps
you had to find among the Brothers the talents needed for a particular
task, and then convince the Brethren to follow your direction. It wasn't
easy. That is sure. But it brought out the best in you, as Freemasonry
always does! It liberated the "angel within," the ability you always had
but perhaps were never challenged to develop and share.

        In this issue of the Scottish Rite Journal, we recognize the
results of Masonry's inspirational power in a special field of endeavor,
material culture. This theme was the focus of the September 1992 issue of
the Journal where Masonic influence and achievement were demonstrated in
such varied fields as the creation of stage scenery, table china, postage
stamps, furniture, sculpture, public memorials, and architecture. The
present issue continues this special focus by showing Masonry realized in
stained glass, personal jewelry, stoneware, musical instruments, household
tools, furniture, quilts, decorative items and, most of all, the Masonic
custom of laying the cornerstones of significant buildings.

        Regarding the latter, I take particular pride in featuring here
(see page 29) the introductory chapter of The Supreme Council's newest
book, Cornerstones of Freedom: A Masonic Tradition which will be available
by late October. (See "Book Reviews," p. 58 for more details and ordering
information.) Written by Dr. S. Brent Morris, 33, author of the well-known
book Masonic Philanthropies: A Tradition of Caring as well as many other
significant Masonic works, this new book traces the history of the Masonic
custom of laying cornerstones. In particular, three cornerstone ceremonies
of special significance are detailed: the Federal District, 1791; the White
House, 1792; and the United States Capitol, 1793.

        Cornerstones of Freedom celebrates the bicentennials of these three
historic ceremonies and, most of all, the role of Freemasonry, as
symbolized in the Masonic cornerstone ceremony, in building our great
nation and a world where the "well-formed, true, and trusty" principles of
Freemasonry are an essential part of human betterment. In the cornerstone
ceremonies outlined by Ill\  Bro\ Morris, we see Masonry at work in the
beginning of magnificent public buildings. In Freemasonry itself, we see a
force that truly brings out "the angel within" by positively affecting
every aspect of life from individual self-improvement to the building of a
happier, wiser, and better world for all humankind.     s

It is always a pleasure to welcome visitors to the House of the Temple,
1733 Sixteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20009-3199. Located on Sixteenth
Street between R and S Streets, seven blocks NE of the Dupont Circle Metro
stop, Red Line, the Temple is open to Brothers, guests, and the general
public for tours from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. on weekdays. The Temple is also open
on weekends and holidays for groups of 25 or more, provided special
arrangements are made in advance with the Grand Executive Director's office
(202) 232-3579. Visitors are requested to register at the door.






Sleep Apnea

Cause and Cure
To Your Health!

Morton B. Blager, 32 
2338 South Jasmine Place
Denver, Colorado  80222

For quite a few years I had been drowsy during the day, sometimes falling
asleep while driving a car. My energy level was low, my blood pressure on
the high side, and my wife complained about my loud snoring. We tried all
kinds of supposed cures: special pillows, positioning of the head, no late
eating, etc. None of the things we tried was successful with the exception
of a prescription from my internist for high blood pressure.

        Despite a healthier blood pressure level, I still had all of my
sleep problems. To my good fortune, my wife, Florence B. Blager, Phd., who
is an Associate Professor of Otolaryngology and Psychiatry at the
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, is also
Chief of Speech Pathology and Audiology Services at the National Jewish
Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine (NJC) in Denver, Colorado.
At NJC she discussed my symptoms with Richard Martin, M.D., who is
currently Co-Director with David White, M.D., of the NJC Sleep Disorder
Laboratory. Dr. Martin interviewed me, checked my medical history, and
recommended that a sleep study be done.

        I spent a night at the Sleep Lab.  There they conducted a test
called a polysomnogram which monitors air flow through the nose and mouth,
the effort to breathe, heart rhythm, blood oxygen level, brain waves, and
muscle activity. At my follow-up appointment with Dr. Martin, he told me I
had obstructive sleep apnea with periods where I stopped breathing for  up
to 45 seconds. 

What is sleep apnea? What are its causes? What are some of the possible
harmful consequences? What are the treatments and cures?

From doctors Martin and White, along with a look through relevant medical
literature written in easily understandable terms, I found out that sleep
apnea is an increasing recognized disorder affecting primarily overweight,
mature males. The name sleep apnea comes from the Latin meaning no breath
or without breathing.

There are two main types of sleep apnea, obstructive apnea and central
apnea. Obstructive apnea describes apnea caused by the airways being
blocked by the tongue and soft palate. Central apnea describes apnea that
occurs when the brain intermittently fails to direct the body to breathe.

As obstructive apneas are by far the most common types, my comments will be
restricted to obstructive apnea. The typical patient may have many, but not
necessarily all, of the following characteristics: overweight, drowsiness
during the day, increased blood pressure, and loud snoring. In less common
cases, there may be a diminished sex drive, impaired thinking, or morning
headache. Dr. White pointed out the problems apnea produces for the
affected individual relate to the fact that the patient must wake up after
each apnea to resume breathing. The patient is not usually aware of his
waking up periods.                                

Until about 1981, the elective treatments for obstructive apnea were weight
loss, medication, avoidance of alcohol, sedatives, plus surgery. Although
weight loss, if accomplished, was often effective, surgery at that time was
the only consistently effective approach and generally required a
tracheostomy (an opening ln the windpipe below the voice box).

I am fortunate in that a simple new technique called Continuous Positive
Air Pressure (CPAP) was introduced as a method to keep the airways open
during sleep. With the portable CPAP, I wear a mask attached to a filtered
blower that gently pushes air through my nose. This column of air acts as a
support of the soft tissues of my throat and palate. It took me several
days to get used to wearing the mask, but now it is second nature for me to
put it on. I even take my CPAP machine when I travel.

Since using CPAP, some wonderful things have happened to me. I am more
alert during the day, I have extra energy to exercise and lose weight, in
addition I sleep soundly at night and dream ( for the first time in many
years). The reason that this story is being written is that I want to
encourage anyone with the symptoms described above to speak to his or her
physician about a referral to a sleep disorders clinic. If you or your
physician have any difficulty in contacting such a clinic or you have any
questions, write to: American Sleep Apnea Association, 2700 East Main
Street, Suite 206, Columbus, OH 43209-2536. Tel. 614-239-4200     s    

 Morton B. Blager

is a member of the Rocky Mountain S. R. Bodies, Denver, CO; Ionic Lodge No.
90 and St. John's Lodge No. 9, Seattle, WA; and Columbine Lodge, No. 147,
Denver, CO. A retired Colonel, AUS, and retired partner of the Colorado
Baggage Stores chain, Bro\ Blager is currently a member of ESGAR
(Employer's Support of Guard and Reserves), U.S. Dept. of Defense.

 NOTE: If you are a health professional or just an interested Brother and
wish to share with the readers of the Scottish Rite Journal some subject
you feel is relevant to their health interests, please send your essay
(from 500 to 700 words in length) to The Supreme council, 33, 1733
Sixteenth St., NW, Washington, DC  20009-3199. Please include a portrait
photograph and biography (see sample above) and address your letter Attn:
Scottish Rite Journal. Thank You!  

GOD'S DELAYS can be our blessings; His silence, our serenity; His
mysteries, our peace.






William A. Ward, 32
Fort Worth, Texas, Scottish Rite Bodies

National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial
Dr. John W. Boettjer, 33
Managing Editor 
Scottish Rite Journal
1733 Sixteenth Street 
Washington, DC, 20009-3199

On October 15, 1991, America dedicated the National Law Enforcement
Officers Memorial in Washington, DC. Today, that monument stands alongside
the Capital City's other great memorials as a special place of honor for
all who have served the law enforcement profession. Inscribed on the walls
of the memorial are the names of more than 13,000 brave officers who have
lost their lives in the line of duty. See views of the memorial on the
inside front cover page of this issue.

Just as Freemasons participated in the original dedication of the memorial
on May 13, 1993, Scottish Rite Masons shared in the memorial's candlelight
vigil during which 328 new names of officers were officially added to the
memorial's granite walls.

The ceremony was held during National Police Week, an annual period of
recognition saluting law enforcement officers, and was attended by some
7,500 law officers and guests from across the country. Of the 328 names
added to the memorial this year, 146 of the officers were killed in 1992,
and 182 died in previous years but were only recently discovered.

Among the officers added to the memorial this year were: Captain
Chin-Chi-Kee of the U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, who was shot and killed
in 1852the earliest death added; Sharon, Massachusetts, Police Officer
Stratford B. Allen and Nevada County, Arkansas, Deputy Sheriff R. D.
Purifoy, who were both 74 years of age when they were killedthe oldest
officers added; and 20-year-old Puerto Rico Police Officer Jimmy W.
Ortiz-Valentinthe youngest officer added.

There are now a total of 13,256 names on the memorial, dating from the
first known death in 1794. There are 726 federal officers' names on the
memorial, 213 correctional officers' names, and the names of 75 women.

Distinguished participants in the May 13 candlelight vigil were President
William J. Clinton, U. S. Attorney General Janet Reno, and Kathleen A.
Young, President of the Concerns of Police Survivors (COPS).

One of the evening's most emotional moments came when disabled Baltimore,
Maryland, Police Officer Mark Frye addressed the crowd after completing a
100-mile wheelchair trip to the memorial from his home in Wilmington,
Delaware. Officer Frye used the trip to raise money for COPS and to focus
public attention on the plight of the families left behind when a police
officer is killed.

The May 13, 1993, ceremony marked the fifth annual candlelight vigil
sponsored by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, and, as in
years past, the evening culminated with the thousands in attendance
lighting candles in honor of the fallen officers. Simultaneously, a blue
laser light was beamed skyward as a special tribute to the "thin blue line"
of protection provided by all of America's police officers.

The National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial is located at Judiciary
Square, as is the Albert Pike statue, between E & F Streets and 4th & 5th
Streets, NW.  The memorial is open year round, 24 hours a day. A visitors
center is located within easy walking distance of the memorial. In addition
to photographic and historic exhibits, the center features an interactive
video system which highlights pictures and biographies of selected
officers. Characterized by excellent use of sculptures, landscaping and
waterfalls, the memorial is a moving tribute to America's fallen law
enforcement officers and is well worth visiting.

For information and free guided tours, call or write: National Law
Enforcement Officers Memorial, 605 E Street, NW, Washington, DC 20004
(202) 737-3400.     s

John W. Boettjer
is a former professor of George Washington University, Virginia Military
Institute, and

Michigan State University. A member of Cypress Lodge No. 295, Naples, FL;
the Scottish Rite Bodies of 

Alexandria, VA; and Kena Shrine Temple, Fairfax, VA, he is also a member of
the Philalethes Society and, since 1989, managing editor of the Scottish
Rite Journal.








Where Do You Do Your Shopping?
Part VII
Thomas M. Boles, 33
Chairman, Scottish Rite 
Masonic Children's
Program Development
1761 East Woodcrest Avenue
La Habra, California  90631-3260

See pages 21 of August, 26 of November 1992, 25 of June, 53 of July,  18 of
August, and 31 of September 1993 Scottish Rite Journal for Parts I-VI of
this "Where Do You Do Your Shopping?" series.

was looking on the shelves of our Scottish Rite Store of Happiness and
realized I haven't reminded you of the "staples" department. This was
brought into focus just last week when I first met little Anna Maria. She
is a three-month-old little girl with beautiful black hair, dark eyes, and
olive skin.  Our first encounter wasn't really in person, because I heard
her before I actually met her. She was crying so loud, she could be heard a
block away. Between crying and whimpering, she never stopped. The sounds at
times were eerie, and I wasn't sure what it was that I was hearing. This
happened at the Loma Linda Medical Center, Loma Linda, California. 

        I'm reminded of  the unusual reason for the beginning of our new
friendship. In a way, it really started while I was gazing out of the
window of a helicopter on the way to the Loma Linda Medical Center, just
wondering what might be on hand at the other end of my trip.

        The sky was clear with a beautiful ceiling of blue, a perfect day
for flying. The copter was quite large, so large I could hardly hear the
roar of its great engine on top, or even the swirling of the blades. It
wasn't long before we landed, and, as usual, there was quite a bit of
hustle and bustle, with everyone going about their business.

        Time drifted for a while, and it didn't seem too long after landing
that I actually met Anna Maria. She was up on the 7th floor in the Cardiac
Intensive Care Unit, room 9. Being a little inquisitive at times, I asked
one of the nurses what was wrong with this beautiful little girl. I was
told that extensive tests were being run and that it would only be a few
hours before they knew exactly what to do. I wanted so much to pick her up
in my arms to see if it might help, but of course that wasn't allowed.

        It was then that I recalled the "staples" on our Masonic shelves.
Remember our first tenetsBrotherly Love, Relief and Truthand from that
beginning, all of those "staples" that followed? With good reason at that
moment, I thought of the charity of our Scottish Rite Childhood Language
Disorders Clinics, and the words "to relieve the distressed is a duty
incumbent on all men" came to mind. Isn't it mysterious how the shelves of
Freemasonry are always full when you need something?

        Anyway, in what seemed a very short time later, all seemed peaceful
and quiet. I was told that Anna Maria would not require bypass surgery, as
originally thought. A new valve would make her healthy again. Everyone in
the room reflected the good news. Being so involved with the children of
our great Scottish Rite Children's Programs, I was so emotionally involved
with this little girl and children like her that tears filled my eyes, and
I cried.

        Coincidentally, I had just been told that my emergency quadruple
bypass surgery was also successful.

        As you can see, a lot of things happened in our store last week,
and with the delivery of a new "pump," I can see my taking a revitalized
role in our Scottish Rite Store of Happiness. New products still need to be
placed on the shelves so that, if you keep shopping with us, you will
always have satisfaction guaranteed. How can we help you plan for a safe
and prosperous financial future with your estate while using our "staples"
of life? This question leaves our "ad" for the month to read:  
    
Take a Masonic "staple" from the shelf of life, and you will find the love
of a needy child.     s


Thomas M. Boles
has worked extensively in children's programs throughout our Fraternity.
For more information, call Tom at 310-691-4227 (FAX 310-691-5327) or the
Scottish Rite Foundation at 202-232-3579, ext. 22.



Biennial Session
Medallions Collection Album

Available for the first time, a Biennial Session Medallions Collection Album offers elegant safekeeping of Session medallions from 1969 though 1993 while displaying both sides of each medallion. The hardcover album, covered in simulated brown leather, has a gold embossed front picturing the Scottish Rite eagle and the words: "The Supreme Council, 33, Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, Southern Jurisdiction, Biennial Session Medallions Collection."

The album alone is $25.00. The album including all the medallions pictured
above is $110.00. The 1993 medallion alone is $11.00. The 1993 medallion
embedded in lucite is $22.00. Postage is included in price. The actual
sizes of the medallions are: circular, 1 11/16"; rectangular, 2" x 3". Make
checks payable to: The Supreme Council, 33. Mail to: Grand Executive
Director, The Supreme Council, 33, 1733 Sixteenth Street, NW, Washington,
DC  20009-3199. 

   
Masonic Symbols Decorating Our History Mimi Handler 6405 Flank Drive,
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania  171

Few of us realize how frequently Masonic symbols appeared in American
decorative arts 200 years agoor why. Two symbols are still part of
everyday lifethe All-Seeing Eye and the pyramid on the Great Seal of the
United States on the dollar bill, but many more, once commonly on all sorts
of things, seem arcane now. 

Most of us don't read the symbols for their deeper meanings, either, as
people once did, interpreting the pot of incense as the pure heart it
represents; immediately translating the arch as heaven; "reading"
architectural columns for their multiple allusions (to Solomon's Temple or,
if Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, to Wisdom, Strength, and Beauty).

In America, particularly from the Revolution until the 1830's, the symbols
of Freemasonry were entwined withand often identical tothe symbols of
patriotism, nation-building, and democratic values. The fraternal images'
lofty meanings were congruent with the country's lofty purpose; they
ornamented an astonishing variety of objects meant for the home as well as
the Masonic lodge. Usually more than one of several dozen Masonic motifs
appeared on coverlets and clocks, trivets and tea sets, sewing boxes and
furniture. Goods imported from England such as Wedgwood, historical blue
Staffordshire, and Liverpool pitchers were so decorated; the China trade
used the symbols in patterns for wares shipped to America, as did
Continental glassware and Japanese lacquer.

Between 1815 and 1830, American-made mold-blown glass flasks were decorated
with some different Masonic patterns. Familiar names in early American
craftsmanship incorporated Masonic symbols into their work; a cast-iron
fireback dated 1769 from Stiegel's Elizabeth, Pennsylvania, Furnace; glass
from John Frederick Amelung's factory in 1780's Maryland; and exquisite
work by Paul Revere, engraver, silversmith, patriot, and Grand Master of
Massachusetts from 1794 to 1797.

American Freemasons were meeting in taverns, inns, and homes well before
the Revolution; Benjamin Franklin mentions meetings in Philadelphia in
1731; meetings were held in Boston in 1733. Like an old tree with many deep
roots, Masonic tradition reaches to the stonemason's guilds of Europe
which, in the sixteenth century, began accepting members who were not
builders but who were drawn to the customs and practices, ritual and
philosophy.

As strong as the appeal was of Freemasonry's biblical and classical
references, achievement by degrees, and fraternal bonds, however, the
taproot of Freemasonry in America was its identification with the
principles of the Enlightenment. The equality of man, the triumph of
reason, science and the principles of natural law; the thoughts of
Condorcet, Voltaire, Lafayette, and Franklin (all Masons) nourished the
movement for American independence. George Washington, a Mason, encouraged
the establishment of Military Lodges in the Continental Army. At least nine
signers of the Declaration of Independence were Masons, as were countless
ordinary citizens in whom patriotism and fraternalism merged. It is with
them craftsmen, artisans, consumers, shop keepersthat the symbols of
Freemasonry became idiomatic in the vocabulary of early American ornament.

Between about 1830 and 1850, interest and membership in the Masons declined
sharply because of political and religious criticism and a specific
allegation that Masons had kidnapped William Morgan in Batavia, New York.
Perhaps because fraternal organizations forge supportive bonds during times
of national rifts, membership and interest grew again during and after the
Civil War. The symbolism remained the same, but its decorative expression
took on the look of the timesVictorian.

Some of it was factory-made; some was ladies' work, such as an arrangement
of tiny white wax flowers outlining the Masonic Compasses, Square, and "G"
(for Geometry as well as for Great Architect of the Universe). Shelf-clock
cases, picture frames, and what-not shelves in fret-sawn wood; hooked and
ingrain carpets; appliqud and crazy quilts; men's jewelry, daguerreotype
cases, and shaving mugs fused the familiar motifs to the late
nineteenth-century style of life. Furniture, china, and carpet
manufacturers filled orders for Lodge furnishings, and Lodges, no longer
meeting at inns and taverns, had built Masonic Temples that reflected the
era's taste for revival architectureGothic, Renaissance, Egyptian. By the
end of the century, the symbolism had become more private, less pubic, the
Mason's personal language rather than that of a nation no longer new.     s

Key to Quilt Symbols

Pictured on the facing page, left to right and top row to bottom row, are
Masonic symbols sewn in a cotton applique quilt made by the Beacon Light
Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star, Staten Island, NY, in the early
1900s.

Keys: Jewel of the Lodge Treasurer
Compasses: Jewel of a Past Master
G: Geometry, Grand Architect of the Universe
Setting maul and shovel: emblems of mortality
Quills: Jewel of the Lodge Secretary
Star: symbol of Divine Providence
Broken column, maiden, open book, acacia: symbols of time, 			     patience, and perseverance
All-Seeing Eye: the Supreme Being
Winged Hourglass: human life
Forty-seventh problem of Euclid: symbol of self-discovery
Jacob's Ladder: Faith, Hope, and Charity
Moon and stars: the Supreme Being
Tesselated pavement and Blazing Star: floor of Solomon's                             Temple
Square and Compasses: symbol of the Craft
Trowel: Brotherly Love
Apron: Master Mason's apron
Three candlesticks: the three Lesser Lights of Masonry; Sun, Moon, 		     Worshipful Master
The Great Light in Masonry: the Holy Bible
Beehive: industry
Plumb: to walk uprightly
Slipper: sincerity
Cornucopia: Jewel of Lodge Stewards, plenty
Pot of incense: a pure heart
Holy Bible, Square and Compasses: Great Lights of Masonry
Anchor: hope
Dove with olive branch: peace
Three columns: wisdom, strength, beauty
Level: Jewel of the Senior Warden, equality
Square and Compasses with Moon: Jewel of the Junior Deacon
Crossed swords: Jewel of the Tyler

Source: Museum of Our National Heritage, Gift of the Supreme Council of the
Scottish Rite of Freemasons, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction; photo: John M.
Miller.

Between 1815 and 1830, American-made mold-blown glass flasks were decorated
with some different Masonic patterns. Familiar names in early American
craftsmanship incorporated Masonic symbols into their work; a cast-iron
fireback dated 1769 from Stiegel's Elizabeth, Pennsylvania, Furnace; glass
from John Frederick Amelung's factory in 1780's Maryland; and exquisite
work by Paul Revere, engraver, silversmith, patriot, and Grand Master of
Massachusetts from 1794 to 1797.

American Freemasons were meeting in taverns, inns, and homes well before
the Revolution; Benjamin Franklin mentions meetings in Philadelphia in
1731; meetings were held in Boston in 1733. Like an old tree with many deep
roots, Masonic tradition reaches to the stonemason's guilds of Europe
which, in the sixteenth century, began accepting members who were not
builders but who were drawn to the customs and practices, ritual and
philosophy.

As strong as the appeal was of Freemasonry's biblical and classical
references, achievement by degrees, and fraternal bonds, however, the
taproot of Freemasonry in America was its identification with the
principles of the Enlightenment. The equality of man, the triumph of
reason, science and the principles of natural law; the thoughts of
Condorcet, Voltaire, Lafayette, and Franklin (all Masons) nourished the
movement for American independence. George Washington, a Mason, encouraged
the establishment of Military Lodges in the Continental Army. At least nine
signers of the Declaration of Independence were Masons, as were countless
ordinary citizens in whom patriotism and fraternalism merged. It is with
them craftsmen, artisans, consumers, shop keepersthat the symbols of
Freemasonry became idiomatic in the vocabulary of early American ornament.

Between about 1830 and 1850, interest and membership in the Masons declined
sharply because of political and religious criticism and a specific
allegation that Masons had kidnapped William Morgan in Batavia, New York.
Perhaps because fraternal organizations forge supportive bonds during times
of national rifts, membership and interest grew again during and after the
Civil War. The symbolism remained the same, but its decorative expression
took on the look of the timesVictorian.

Some of it was factory-made; some was ladies' work, such as an arrangement of tiny white wax flowers outlining the Masonic Compasses, Square, and "G" (for Geometry as well as for Great Architect of the Universe). Shelf-clock cases, picture frames, and what-not shelves in fret-sawn wood; hooked and ingrain carpets; appliqud and crazy quilts; men's jewelry, daguerreotype cases, and shaving mugs fused the familiar motifs to the late nineteenth-century style of life. Furniture, china, and carpet manufacturers filled orders for Lodge furnishings, and Lodges, no longer meeting at inns and taverns, had built Masonic Temples that reflected the era's taste for revival architectureGothic, Renaissance, Egyptian. By the end of the century, the symbolism had become more private, less pubic, the Mason's personal language rather than that of a nation no longer new.     s

	Please remember 
	The Scottish Rite Foundation, 
	S\J\, USA, with your 
	gifts and in your will.
	1-800-486-3331

Ann Landers Agrees a Masonic Ring is Not Just a Piece of Jewelry"

Dear Ann Landers: A heap of bravos to you for telling "Tears in
Springfield" that it makes no sense to bury a person with jewelry on. You
then went a step further and told the man from White Plains it was too bad
his father was buried wearing his Masonic ring because that ring would have
been a cherished heirloom for a son, grandson or nephew. I always admired
my grandfather's Masonic ring. He told me when I was a teenager that I
would inherit that ring one day, but I'd have to "earn" itthat it wasn't
just a piece of jewelry. He passed away when I was 22. I remembered my
grandfather's words and became a Mason when I was 30 years of age. I am now
wearing his ring, which will go to my eldest son, but like me, he too will
have to earn it. Thank you, Ann, for reviving some wonderful memories.
Rochester, NY

Dear Rochester, NY:  What a heartwarming letter. I have heard from hundreds
of Masons and their relatives these past several days, and each has a
different story to tell. Read on:

From Chattanooga, TN: I am proud to be the daughter of a 33rd Degree Mason.
My mother is a member of the Eastern Star. My two brothers belong to
DeMolay. The Masons raise millions of dollars for hospitals and have done a
lot to help victims of floods, fires, and hurricanes. I hope you will print
this. I am 11 years old.

Riverside, CA: There were four girls in our family. I was the only one who
joined Job's Daughters, an organization for girls whose fathers are or were
Masons. When Dad died, Mom took his Masonic ring and put it away. On my
30th birthday, she gave it to me. That ring means more to me than anything
I own.

Washington, DC: More years ago than I care to remember, I joined a sorority
at Northwestern University. A girl whom I disliked intensely was a sorority
sister. The first week, she wore a pair of earrings that were actually made
out of two Masonic rings. My father was a Mason, and I nearly flipped when
I saw those emblems being used like costume jewelry. I told her she had no
right to desecrate the emblem of Masonry, and we got into a hair-pulling
fight. She became extremely unpopular because of that incident and
transferred to Ohio State at the end of the year.

Baltimore, MD: I was married in 1969. It was a beautiful wedding, and I
wore the traditional gown and veil. When the minister instructed my future
husband to place the ring on my finger, his best man turned white as a
sheet. For some mysterious reason, the ring was not in his pocket. After
what seemed like an eternity, my father, who was standing behind me, took
off his own ring and handed it to the best man. It was the Masonic ring
that he had worn for years. My fiance put it on my finger, and we were
pronounced man and wife.







INSTRUCTIONS FROM A MASON
Rodney M. Larson, 32, K\C\C\H\
1918 149th Avenue NE, Anoka, Minnesota  55304

N operative mason spoke to us at our Scottish Rite lecture hour. He told us about his training, his working tools, his ideals, his philosophy, his love and respect for the craft. He talked about his brother masons and about the group's social lifeits songs, dinners and celebrations. He told about the close fellowship among the masons, how "when one brother had a problem, all of the brothers had a problem." He spoke with enthusiasm about the skills and philosophies he had learned during his year of training and how the goal, as he was taught, was to do each job with all the perfection the mason can achieve. Finally he spoke about his personal dedication toward making the craft known to other people and to seeing that it continued so that its works might continue to enrich the human race.
I wanted to call this man "Brother" because he seemed to embody so much of what we profess, but he is not a Freemasonhe is an operative stonemason. A former bricklayer, he had received a union scholarship to study for one year in France as a "Tailieur de Pierre" (tailor of stone). Since returning to the U.S., he has worked as a stonemason doing restorations and decorative stone carvings.
Many Masonic scholars have wondered why non-operatives joined the operative lodges during the 16th and 17th centuries. Why did high leaders of society join with men of the building trades during those formative years of our speculative Craft? Perhaps it was because of the qualities this young stonemason expressed, qualities of their association that we still discuss and proclaim and which, if he is to be believed, they still practice. These operative masons still believe that the leaf carving at the top of a spire should show its veins more perfectly than one at the bottom. Why? Because the higher one is seen more clearly by God. The purity of their practice seems to have been covered up by our weighty concerns for legislation, dogma, and written standards.
It is personally comforting to know that the wellsprings of our speculative Craft yet survive. Might we not do well periodically to compare ourselves with these operative brethren, in order to see which direction we are traveling?     s

Rodney M. Larson  is a member of  Anoka Lodge No. 30, and the Deputy Grand
Master of Minnesota (1993-94). Brother Larson is a member of  the
Minneapolis Valley and served as Wise Master of Minneapolis Chapter Rose
Croix in 1991-1993.

What the Heck!  
I was on the lunch committee at my Masonic Lodge. One day I had my
five-year-old grandson, Stephan, help me carry the food into the Lodge.
While I was fixing the lunch, the other members treated Stephan as a V.I.P.

So on the way home Stephan said, Those men were so nice. How could I join
your Lodge?

I told him there were three things he would have to do. First, believe in
God. Second, be a good American.

And because Stephan has been known to use a swear word, I stressed the following;

Third, no cussing.

Stephan was quiet for just a second, and then he said, Grandpa, how in the
heck did you ever get in?  Harry D. Gildersleeve, 32 Yankton, South
Dakota, Scottish Rite Bodies





MASONIC ROOTS

William A. McGinnis
Vice-President Board of Trustees,

Carnegie History Center
125 S. College, Tyler, Texas  75702


IN mid-December 1989, the Carnegie History Center in Smith County, Texas,
unveiled its own Masonic history display by holding a well-attended news
conference.

The exhibit "100 Years of Freemasonry in Smith County" details the rich
history of the Fraternity in our county.  The focus of the exhibit was a
recently rediscovered cornerstone box and its contents from our oldest area
Lodge, St. John's No. 53, Tyler Texas. It was originally laid in December
1889 when St. John's No. 53 built a new Lodge.

Also included in the display is a Lodge minute book dating from 1848. Its
tattered yellowed pages are no doubt one of the oldest written records in
Smith County, and local historians are already using it as a source to
explore our area's past.

Such exhibits demonstrating Ma-sonry's material culture on a local level
have a strong potential for educating the general public about the "roots"
of Freemasonry in their communities.

The members of the Board of Directors of our facility, which is a local
history museum located in the former Tyler Carnegie Library, were very
receptive and enthusiastic about the exhibit because they quickly grasped
the potential of this almost entirely untapped resource for shedding
further light on our area's history.

I would highly recommend this type of project to any Lodge, but I would
caution at the same time that the more involved you can get, the better.
Our exhibit contains artifacts from several of our nine Smith County
Lodges, and it was put together with the help of many local Masons. 

As for the importance of such an exhibit to Freemasonry, just let me say
that the Grand Master of Texas made a special unscheduled trip to Tyler to
view this unique chronicle of Smith County Masonry. Also, our Museum
Director plans to enter the exhibit in a competition among Southwest Museum
Exhibits.  We expect to win!  But whether we do or not really doesn't
matter. The Masons who erected this exhibit and the Craft itself are
already winners for having brought to the attention of the general public
the great and early achievement of Freemasonry in Smith County!     s

River of Life

Each person's life is predetermined, yet each one of us has the power to
change our lives at any moment. These may appear to be opposites; however,
they are really the same thing. The path of a river is predetermined much
like that of a man. Its water flows along varied ways, yet it accomplishes
its destiny. We, as free souls, may do well and, at the same time, strike
out to determine new paths, new adventures. Still, ultimately, like the
rivers, we reach the sea.

Please remember The House
of the Temple Historic
Preservation Foundation,
S\J\, USA, with your
gifts and in your will.
1-800-486-3331 







The Story of A Sailor and His Rings

William I. Miller, 33
1381 Mayfield Rd. 141-G
Seal Beach, CA  90740 


I am a ring. Let me tell you about my sailor.

The year was 1944. America was at war. The action in the Pacific Theater
was intensifying, and the aircraft carrier he was aboard was leaving for
duty in the combat area.

My sailors's wife of three and one- half years gave me to him to wear as a
token of her love and affection, a reminder that she and their baby
daughter would be thinking of him wherever he might be. I was proud to be
selected for such an important assignment.

"What monogram or emblem do you want on your ring?" she asked him. (I was
still just  a plain gold ring, just out of the jeweler's case, with no
particular significance.)

"Nothing. I would like it left just as it is, a plain gold ring, because if
I come back from this war, I would like to have a Square and Compasses on
it if I can become a Mason."

This is when I first learned of Masonry. My sailor had known about it for a
long time. He admired many men who were Masons. He had a burning desire to
become one of them.

We went overseas together, my sailor and I. We shared many long days of
being at sea. We were under fire by the enemy. We shared the invasions of
Leyte and Luzon and the trauma of a kamikaze hit at Iwo Jima. I had a part
in all of that, knowing that my Masonic emblem was getting closer.

The war was over. We were discharged from the Navy on a Tuesday. I remember
it well because one of the first things my sailor did was to place  a phone
call to a Masonic friend. He had waited years to do that.

By Friday of that week, a petition for membership was completed and
presented to be read in the Masonic Lodge on the following Tuesday night.

We made it! I got my Masonic emblem!

A wise old Past Master made the presentation on the night of my sailor's
Third Degree. "Leave this ring in the box" he said. "Take it home and have
your wife put it on your finger. She can not be with you here tonight, but
this is an occasion to be shared with her." My sailor did just that.

This is not the end of my story.

He began working in his Lodge and became an officer. When my sailor earned
the right to wear a Past Master's ring, I was replaced. With reluctance, he
laid aside. I have no regrets. We had shared a lot together, but it was
time for me to retire.

As time went on, the hand that had worn me so proudly also acquired a plain
gold band with a Scottish Rite emblem on it.

That ring now has two small threes side by side in a triangle, the ring of
a Thirty Third Degree Inspector General Honorary of the Scottish Rite.

I no longer hold the limelight as I share a corner in an old jewelry box
now, but I know he thinks of me often.

In fact I am very proud as I reflect on the many  happy memories I have
shared with my sailor.     s

William I. Miller
was a blacksmith and then a self-employed specialist in pipe and steel
fabrication before retirement. Now, though he still practices blacksmithing
as a hobby and loves to demonstrate this craft to elementary school
children, he is mainly active as Chairman of the Library Committee of the
Long Beach S. R. Bodies where he is computer cataloging all the library's
books and working in many of the Degrees.

A New Direction

OUR past has had its peaks and its valleys. We've had adversities and we've
had our rallies. We have had successes and suffered from mistakes. From
these experiences we know what it takes. Let's start today with the rest of
our lives, and forget the sadness, the tears, and the sighs. Let's take a
new direction and chart a new track, to go forward in life and not look
back.

Bob Coats
Sunshine Magazine







Masonic Tiffany Windows

William D. Moore
Director, Livingston Masonic Library & Museum
71 West 23rd Street
New York, NY  10010-4171


IN June of 1911, the Grand Lodge, F\&A\M\, of the State of New York
dedicated a new chapel on the grounds of their Masonic Home in Utica, New
York. This chapel, which was a memorial to M\W\ Daniel D. Tompkins, was
designed to serve as a non-denominational place of worship for all of the
residents and employees of the home.

]During the building of the chapel, a number of Lodges from throughout the
state of New York donated stained glass windows in memory or recognition of
their Brothers. A number of these windows were produced by the famous New
York City studio of Louis Comfort Tiffany.

Kane Lodge No. 454 of New York City presented a window featuring a full-
length portrait of King Solomon as a memorial to M\W\ Joseph Edward Simmons
who had been Grand Master in 1883. The Tiffany Studios were so pleased with
this window that they later featured it in a catalog (see facing page
illustration) as an example of the quality of their work.

A window depicting Hiram, King of Tyre, was donated as a tribute to
M\W\Townsend Scudder by his staff. Scudder had been Grand Master of Masons
for the State of New York from 1906 to 1908. This window (pictured in color
on the back cover of this issue) bears a quotion from Scripture that reads,
"Now Hiram, the King of Tyre, had furnished Solomon with Cedar trees, and
fir trees, and with gold, according to all his desire."

Excelsior Lodge No. 195 spent $1,000 on a Tiffany window as a tribute to
M\W\ Frank R. Lawrence, who served as Grand Master from 1885 to 1889. This
window depicts the biblical scene of Cornelius and the angel. It shows
Cornelius, who was a centurion and "a devout man, and one that feared God
with all his house, which gave much alms to the people and prayed to God
always," looking boldly into the face of an angel. (See the back cover of
this issue.)

Acanthus Lodge No. 719, of Brooklyn, also chose to give a window featuring
an angel. This window, which was dedicated to the loving memory of the
Lodge's deceased Brethren, represents the human soul meeting its guardian
angel immediately after death and preparing to ascend to meet the Great
Architect of the Universe.

These windows, although beautiful, are but a few of the examples of Masonic
stained glass  located throughout New York State. These works of art are
commonly found in Masonic Temples, chapels, churches, and mausoleums.
Unfortunately, there has never been a listing made of where these Masonic
windows are located. Therefore, the Chancellor Robert R Livingston Masonic
Library & Museum is currently undertaking a census of Masonic stained glass
in New York state which will culminate in an exhibition and publication.

Any information concerning stained glass related to Freemasonry, the
Scottish Rite, the Shriners, the Order of the Eastern Star, or other
related organizations would be greatly appreciated. The Library & Museum is
particularly interested in identifying the designers and firms responsible
for producing these works. If you have information about Masonic stained
glass, please contact William D. Moore, author of this article, at the
address noted on page 6, or call him at (212) 741-4505.     s

William D. Moore 
is the Director of the Livingston Masonic Library & Museum of the Grand
Lodge, F\&A\M\, of the State of New York and is a doctoral candidate in the
American and New England Studies Program at Boston University.







Cornerstones Of Freedom: A Masonic Tradition

Dr. S. Brent Morris, 33
5088 Lake Circle West
Columbia, Maryland  21044-1442

The following article is the introductory chapter of The Supreme Council's
latest book, Cornerstones of Freedom: A Masonic Tradition, available in
late October. See Book Reviews in this issue, page 58, for ordering
information.

Birthdays are fun! Who doesn't enjoy the special feeling of their own
unique moment, the well wishing, the presents, the cake and ice cream? And
birth, of course, is the very special beginning of every subsequent
birthday. After planning and preparing and waiting, the big day finally
comes for the family.

Buildings are like people in many ways in that the birth of each is eagerly
anticipated. Before a structure is occupied, the architects plan, the
builders prepare, and the public waits and watches as the walls slowly grow
upward. There are often several special events in a building's life: A
ceremonial groundbreaking, the formal cornerstone laying, and the final
topping out. The cornerstone laying counts as the birth-that first instant
when the final structure begins to emerge. For centuries the ancient,
honorable Fraternity of Free and

Accepted Masonsalso known as   Freemasonshas laid cornerstones around the
world as a symbolic link of modern buildings with ancient customs.

In the United States, Freemasonry's work in this regard has been
particularly impressive. Members of the Fraternity not only have laid the
physical cornerstones of buildings which stand as monuments to American
accomplishments, but they also have built and maintained the organizational
structures which support and defend our precious freedoms. It is these
"Cornerstones of Freedom" that are celebrated here.

This volume does not pretend to be a deeply scholarly work, nor does it
rely exclusively on primary source material. Rather it is hoped to be an
appealing recounting of history with sufficient details and references to
allow the interested student to pursue the subject further. There can be no
doubt that there is much more to be learned and written about Freemasonry
and the cornerstones of freedom.

ANCIENT CUSTOMS

No one can say when special ceremonies first were accorded the laying of
cornerstones. What is certain is that it is indeed an ancient custom. In
the Louvre are two terra-cotta cylinders recovered from the ruins of the
city of Lagesh in what was southern Babylonia. Covered with cuneiform
writing, these cylinders were foundation deposits to mark the construction
of a temple built about 3,000 B.C. by Gudea, ruler of Lagesh. These
cylinders were deposited just as coins, medals, and other mementos are
deposited during the Masonic ceremony.

Gudea's temple had no cornerstone per se, as it was built entirely of
brick, but in all other respects one can imagine a solemn celebration,
similar to a Masonic cornerstone ceremony today, surrounding the deposit of
cylinders. Of particular interest to Scottish Rite Masons is the totem of
the city of Lagesh: the storm bird, a double-headed eagle which stood
proudly as the visible emblem of power and dominion.1

Some 2,500 years later, Zerubbabel laid the foundation of the Temple of the
Lord, rebuilding the Holy House erected by Solomon. The scene described in
Ezra 3:10-12, is both joyous and poignant, with the young people happily
rejoicing future greatness and the old men tearfully remembering former
glories.

And when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the Lord, they
set the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites the sons of
Asaph with cymbals, to praise the Lord, after the ordinance of David King
of Israel.

And they sang together by course in praising and giving thanks unto the
Lord; because he is good, for his mercy endureth for ever toward Israel.
And all the people shouted with a great shout, when they praised the Lord,
because  the foundation of the house of the Lord was laid.

But many of the priests and Levites and chief of the fathers, who were
ancient men, that had seen the first house, when the foundation of this
house was laid before their eyes, wept with a loud voice; and many shouted
aloud for joy.

MASONIC CEREMONIES

About 200 years ago, one of the most successful experiments in democratic
government was started by a dedicated band of revolutionaries. Convinced
that power originated only through the consent of the governed, American
colonists  revolted against British tyranny and laid the symbolic
cornerstone of freedom for the world.

In 1793, George Washington, in his capacity as a Freemason, laid the actual
cornerstone of the United States Capitol which, in turn, has become the
symbol of freedom to people everywhere. Masons have laid both physical and
spiritual cornerstones throughout America, including: the White House, the
Capitol, systems of transportation and education, houses of worship, and
countless public buildings.

When one considers the teachings of Freemasonry, it is not surprising
Masons have been at the forefront of laying these cornerstones of freedom:


[They teach] that men have all the same rights, and are perfectly equal in
condition; that every man is naturally independent; that no one has the
right to command others; that it is tyranny to keep men subject to any
other authority than that which emanates from themselves. Hence the people
are sovereign; those who rule over them have no authority but by the
commission and concession of the people; so that they can be deposed,
willing or unwilling, according to the wishes of the people. The origin of
all rights and civil duties is in the people of the state, which is ruled
according to the new principles of liberty. The State recognizes no reason
why one religion ought to be preferred to another; all to be held in the
same esteem. 2


Whether 5,000 years ago in Babylonia, 2,500 years ago in Jerusalem, 200
years ago in the District of Columbia, or today in dozens of cities,
throughout America and around the world, there seems to be a universal
human urge to celebrate the start of a major building.

As this brief text hopes to reveal, Freemasons today continue these
ceremonies of celebration. They hold ancient rituals of cornerstone
dedication in trust for their communities, gladly helping, when called
upon, to launch any significant building on its career of service to
humanity.     s

NOTES:
1  W. J. Chetwode Crawley, "Two Cornerstones Laid in the Olden Time," Ars
Quatuor Coronatorum, Vol. XXIV, 1911, pp. 22-23.

2 Pope Leo XIII, Humanum Genus, April 20, 1884, in H. L.  Haywood,
Freemasonry and Roman Catholicism (Chicago:  Masonic History Co., 1948),
pp. 90-91.

S. Brent Morris, is a member of the Valley of Baltimore and Past Master of
Patmos Lodge No. 70, Ellicott City, MD. Aside from being the Executive
Secretary of the Editorial Board of the Scottish Rite Journal, he is also
the Editor for the Scottish Rite Research Society and the author of Masonic
Philanthropies.

Masonic Travels

Pipin' in the Haggis

To celebrate our 50th anniversary, my wife and I decided to take a trip. It
was our first visit abroad. We flew from Helena, Montana, to Seattle,
Washington, and from there non-stop to London. We were in the hands of a
professional travel company and are convinced that is the way to travel
since experienced drivers and guides make any trip more convenient,
interesting, and informative.

Prior to leaving Montana, I made arrangements to visit a Lodge in Scotland.
Upon arriving there from England, I was greeted by the Grand Secretary,
Arthur O. Hazel, O. St. J., who advised me that a new Lodge, to be known as
Robert Burns Initiated Lodge No. 1781, was being constituted that evening.
I was excited at the thought, but when the actual entry into the Lodge room
took place, I was walking three feet in the air when my escort took my hand
and led me to the altar while the organist played Scottish music. The
worshipful Master greeted me and invited me to sit in the East with him.

The ceremony was impressive. All attendees wore either a tuxedo or their
kilts, and the officers were regaled in their aprons, jewels, and cuffs.
The event was punctuated frequently by Scottish songs, and every Brother
sang at the top of his lungs.

After the constitution of the Lodge and the installation of its officers,
we all adjourned to the festive board where good Scotch drinks and food
were offered. The supper's main event was the "pipin' in of the haggis," a
traditional Scotch dish of minced meat with savory herbs. A huge tray was
carried into the dining room to the accompaniment of the bagpipes,
ceremoniously placed on the table, and then served to all. After supper,
speeches were in order. Following each one a toast was proposed and a
Scotch song raised the rafters.

It was an experience to be remembered. I hope many of the Scottish Rite
Journal's readers will avail themselves of the opportunity to visit a Lodge
in Scotland. There are 42 of them in Edinburgh alone     s

Ernest A.  Neath
is a Past Grand Master and Past R\ W\ Grand Treasurer of the Grand Lodge of
Montana. A 53-year-member of Gallatin Lodge No. 6, Boseman, MT, and a Past
Patron, Order of Eastern Star, he serves as musician for most of the
Helena, MT, Masonic Bodies.

Editor's Note: WANTED, MORE MASONIC TRAVEL ARTICLES! If you have an
interesting travel tale to tell and it has a Masonic slant, send it to the
Scottish Rite Journal, 1733 Sixteenth St., NW, Washington, DC 20009-3199.
Please include relevant travel pictures, a close portrait of yourself
(passport type photos are fine), and a brief biography noting a few Masonic
or other life details you care to share with the Brethren.


A 33 Degree Ring Bank

        A few years ago, the late Curtis E. "Buck" Cuddy, veteran 33rd
Degree member of the Roanoke, Virginia, Scottish Rite Bodies, had an idea.
Why not establish a bank where the Thirty-third Degree rings of deceased
members could be made available for newly created 33rds who, in turn, would
direct their heirs to return the rings to the Secretary's office for future
use?

The plan was proposed and approved. Several members are now wearing rings
formerly owned by others.

It is also of interest that a few 33rd Degree rings still worn by Roanoke
members are "home made." The late Dr. J. E. John, 33, Director of Work for
many years, was also a dentist of national reputation. As a hobby he
crafted the rings of new members as they were coroneted. The rings are now
prized possessions.

Hunter H. Akers, 33 Roanke, Virginia, Scottish Rite Bodies


    THE CORNERSTONE OF DEMOCRACY
The U. S. Capitol's Bicentennial

A Two-Part Television Documentary
Available on VHS Video


Part One: The History of the U. S. Capitol's Cornerstone (57:40)
Part Two: The 1993 U. S. Capitol Bicentennial Celebrations (57:40)

The United States Capitol Building is 200 years old on September 18, 1993.
Join in celebrating this important Bicentennial which commemorates the most
famous Masonic ceremony in history.

Freemasons laid the Capitol's cornerstone in a large and public Masonic
ceremony in 1793. George Washington personally deposited a silver plate in
a foundation trench on Capitol Hill. The Capitol's cornerstone was lowered
onto it, and then blessed with corn, wine, and oil. The 1793 American
Freemason symbolically dedicated the U.S. Capitol Building and all future
activities at the site. It was an all-day event, including a parade from
the White House, cannon salutes, and an ox barbecue until dark.

An independent television documentary is being produced that describes the
origins of the Capitol building, its symbolism, and Freemasonry's
involvement. Join the Grand Lodges of the District of Columbia, Maryland,
and Virginia in supporting this two-part television series by purchasing
one or more video copies of the series.

Part one reports on the modern searches for the 1793 cornerstone, which has
been lost for 200 years. This program describes the symbolism incorporated
into the design of the Capitol and the new "City of Washington on the
Potomac." Freemasonry's Masonic ties with the U.S. Capitol will also be
explained.

Part two summarizes the history, but focuses on the September 1993
Bicentennial events at the U.S. Capitol. The two-part series may also
appear on broadcast or cable if enough advance orders are received by
November 1, 1993.

As a tribute to George Washington, Capstone Productions will donate $5.00
directly to the George Washington Masonic National Memorial Association for
each VHS tape purchased. Tapes will be shipped around Thanksgiving, 1993.
Capstone Productions may cancel this offer and return advanced funds if
there are not enough orders prior to November 1, 1993.

A strong response in support of this documentary series would forever
enhance the public image of Freemasonry. Please support the George
Washington Masonic National Memorial and "The Cornerstone of Democracy"
television project.

Please send me            VHS Videotapes ($40.00 each, S/H included) of
THE CORNERSTONE OF DEMOCRACY for a total of $
enclosed. (MD orders please include 5% sales tax.)


Name

Address

City                                                       State                            Zip                              

Make checks payable to: Capstone Productions, Inc.
Mail Form and Check to: Capstone Productions, Inc.
12002 Citrus Grove Road, N. Potomac, MD  20878

(Capstone Productions reserves the right to cancel this offer and return
advanced funds if there are insufficient orders.)

The Lodge that Moved an Organ Factory

Emory F. Scott, 32
603 West 27th Terrace
Lawrence, Kansas  66046 

ONCE the new territory opened by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 became
available, many Brethren, seeing an opportunity to create a new
civilization, settled the land and sought to put down Masonic roots.

        In particular, one of the settlers, a former Past Master in
Missouri, was anxious to form a Lodge, and he discovered six Brothers in
the area who were equally interested. Travelling in secret across the
border to Missouri, they found a friend in the Craft and were able to gain
a dispensation from the Missouri Grand Lodge.

        The six Brothers, examining each other, met on the banks of the
Kansas River at a new town which was to become Lawrence, Kansas. Their
altar was a packing crate; their working tools were cut from a tin can. So
began Lawrence Lodge No. 6, actually the fourth Lodge founded in the new
territory.


        The Lodge grew vigorously. Most of the town's leaders became
members, including Charles Robinson, later elected the first Governor of
Kansas, Dr. James Naismith, inventor of basketball, and Senator Dudley C.
Haskell, after whom the famous Indian school was named.

        Setbacks on the frontier happened often, and fate struck cruel
blows when fire twice destroyed the Lodge. The first time was on August 21,
1863, when the Missouri border ruffian Quantrill and his gang of guerrillas
burned the town, shooting over 150 men and boys in the pillaging and
burning that ensued.  Five members of the Lodge were among the victims.

        Then in 1872, a fire of unknown origin occurred. Although the
building was destroyed, the Lodge records had fortunately been kept by the
Secretary in his residence.       

        The Lodge continued to thrive through the 1870's, surviving the
great grasshopper plague and national financial panics.  But something was
missing.  Members who had enjoyed music and singing in their eastern Lodges
longed for an organ.

        In 1866, the York Rite was established allowing the Brethren to
advance still further in Masonry. The following year, Acacia Lodge No. 9
received its charter, giving Lawrence its second Masonic Lodge.  With
additional Brethren, the clamor for the blessing of music in the Lodges
grew in intensity.

        Then in 1881, Lawrence Lodge of Perfection, Southern Jurisdiction,
augmented the two Lodges by making the Scottish Rite Degrees available.

        In the days when a twenty-five cent piece loomed large in their
pockets, careful saving finally allowed the Brothers to purchase a small
organ in 1898.

        In the meantime, Kansas University had been established. New Lodge
members from the University's music department contributed their talent
toward producing more sophisticated Lodge music. When Kansas University
installed a pipe organ, the Brethren again began to save their money.

        A nationally recognized pianist and composer at the University,
Carl A. Preyer, became a member of Lawrence Lodge No. 6 and then the
Scottish Rite. With such an outstanding musician in their midst, the pipe
organ issue came to a head in 1918.

        Brother Preyer was chosen to lead a delegation to visit a pipe
organ factory, the Reuter Company, in Trenton, Illinois, where they bid on
a deluxe organ that could be installed for $8,300.  Eventually, the Lodge
voted to purchase the instrument.

        During the negotiation, it was suggested that the firm move to
Lawrence, by then a thriving community in the center of the country. While
the pipe organ was being installed in 1919, Reuter members were impressed
with the growing city and its location.

        Thus the title of this article came true. The Reuter Organ Company
moved its factory to Lawrence, where it has remained ever since.

        Through the years, the company's backlog of orders has varied from
one to two years. The largest organ they built, an instrument of 100 pipes,
was installed in the First Methodist Church of Fort Worth, Texas. They
estimate its replacement at present-day cost to approach $1 million!     s

Emory F. Scott

was a member of the Lawrence, Kansas, S. R. Bodies, which he had served as
Venerable Master of the Lodge of Perfection, as well as a member of Acacia
Lodge No. 9, Abdallah Shrine Temple, and the York Rite in Lawrence. We
regret to note  Bro\ Scott passed  away  on  August  7, 1992.

God is more than available He is present; more than near He is within; more
than interested He is concerned; more than understanding He is forgiving.
William Arthur Ward, 32
Fort Worth, Texas
Scottish Rite Bodies







The Studley Tool Chest

William Sampson
Executive Editor 
Fine Woodworking
P.O. Box 5506
Newton, Connecticut  06470

The lasting legacy of most woodworkers usually is in what they produce with
their tools. But it is the tools themselves that have brought wider
recognition to a turn-of-the-century Massachusetts craftsman named Henry O.
Studley. Now the highlight of an on-going display at the Smithsonian
Institution's National Museum of American History, Studley's wall-mounted
tool chest packs some 300 tools into a space not much bigger than one of
those folding carry-on garment bags. But quality is as much the story as
quantity: The case and its contents display master workmanship and premium
materials, such as mahogany, rosewood, ebony and mother-of-pearl. It is
those things that make the tool chest reach out of its display case at the
Smithsonian and grab passersby, stopping them and holding them rapt and
transfixed on its myriad of detail. A photo of the chest, its first public
appearance, ran on the back cover of Fine Woodworking almost five years ago
(see front cover of this issue). Since that time, over 20,000 posters of
Studley's chest have found their way onto woodshop walls and into homes all
over the world.

Despite the fame of the chest, its creator was still an enigma. But
research by the Smithsonian is now beginning to shed light on the man who
left his mark as H. O. Studley on engraved silver nameplates in the
chest.      

Who was H. O. Studley?

A carpenter, Mason, machinist, organ and pianomaker, Studley was born in
1838 in Lowell, Massachusetts. When war broke out between the states in
1861, Studley joined the Massachusetts infantry, listing his occupation as
carpenter. He was taken prisoner at Galveston, Texas, in 1863 but was later
exchanged to rejoin Union troops. After the war, he returned to Quincy and
eventually married. There he became a member of Rural Masonic Lodge;
records show he achieved first, second and third Degrees in 1871.

He worked for 25 years for the Smith Organ Co. and then joined the Poole
Piano Co. in Boston as the popularity of the piano began to surpass organs,
according to Studley's obituary published in 1925 in the Quincy
Patriot-Ledger. Even that obituary gives testament to the legacy of
Studley's tool chest: One of the most remarkable things of his creation is
a tool cabinet, a most ingenious contrivance containing multitudinous
number of tools of all sizes and kinds.

It was apparently at Poole where Studley created his tool chest between
1890 and 1920. David Shayt of the Smithsonian, a museum specialist in
crafts and trades who has charge of the tool chest, notes that the
materials used to construct the case were once common to pianomaking:
ebony, ivory, rosewood, mahogany and mother-of-pearl. A 1990 Poole catalog
from when Studley worked for the firm speaks of highly figured woods and
displays a variety of finely detailed upright pianos. As to the products of
H. O. Studley's craft, little can be attributed to the man without
question. The pianos and organs he made carried company nameplates. The
owner of the tool chest, Peter Hardwick of Maine, has a mantlepiece Studley
built, but the tool chest remains as the craftsman's masterpiece. A special
place for every tool

The basic casework for the tool chest is dovetailed mahogany. Measuring
191/2 in. wide, 39 in. long and 91/2 in. deep, the chest is designed to
hang on the wall, opening like a book along its five butt hinges and
closing with a dial combination lock. A 1903 issue of American Machinist
describes patternmakers wall-mounted tool chests that are similar in
function to the Studley case. But the mastery of this case is in the
ingenuity of the holders for the tools, which are stored up to three layers
deep with trays (or tills) and special holding fixtures for each tool.

Studley's craftsmanly precision can be seen in the tight clearances that
allow a gouge to pass within 1/8 in. of a plane handle, and it can also be
heard in the soft click tools make as they snap into place. A
rosewood-handled screwdriver is not only held by exactly sized ebony
receptacles for its blade and ferrule, but a small rounded recess provides
extra clearance for the side of the handle. That same fitting technique has
helped Shayt and Smithsonian conservators find the proper locations for a
number of tools tucked incorrectly into various nooks and crannies of the
chest when the museum received it. Shayt noted that a pair of calipers was
oddly placed an inch away from three unused ebony holding devices that
turned out to fit the tool exactly. Adjustable tools such as marking gauges
must be set to certain lengths to fit exactly in the case. Where one
marking gauge was installed, Shayt noted evidence of wear, but when
adjusted slightly, the gauge rests securely with no unnecessary

 contact with the case.

There is no wasted space in this chest. A hollow cavity above a set of
chisels is there only to allow room to raise the tools out of their
pockets. Ebony keepers, inlaid with mother-of-pearl, swing into place to
secure many of the tools. Hidden swinging butterfly catches keep the
drawers from falling out of the case. As Shayt reached into a drawer to
trip one of the catches, he commented about the maker, He must have had
small fingers, that's for sure. Whole sections of the case swing or lift
out to reveal more layers and tools behind them. Some of those moving
sections have ebony braces to prop them open. In the top portion of the
right half of the chest, one panel lifts up to allow two panels of drill
bits to open like temple doors, revealing yet another layer. What seem like
decorated columns or long cylinders can be removed and opened like
cannisters to reveal small lengths of metal stock.

The temple motif of that section falls in line with the many Masonic
symbols that fill the chest. The most obvious is the Square and Compass
Masonic emblem formed from real tools in the left half of the case (see
photo above), but throughout the case there are more symbols significant to
the Masons. The numbers seven, five, three and eleven repeat throughout the
chest. Even the way the chest opens and closes, Shayt believes, reflects
the Bible, opening to reveal truth and beauty. A section of the case
built to hold a Stanley #1 plane may be fashioned after the archway over
the throne of Solomon, Shayt speculates.

The hundreds of individual tools in the chest include both manufactured
items and things obviously made by Studley himself. They range from large
bench planes to tiny screwdrivers and taps. Planes by Stanley and measuring
tools by L. S. Starrett make up much of the chest, but the maker's own
handiwork can be seen in such things as rosewood, brass and ebony marking
gauges. A whetstone rides in an ebony box with mother-of-pearl inlay and a
silver plate engraved H. O. Studley. A couple of tools feature handles
crafted from horn. He was into bits, no question: twist drill bits,
center, auger, spade, said Shayt, as he displayed not only the ordered
racks of bits in the case but the contents of several drawers filled with
bits.

Those familiar with pianomaking have helped Shayt identify a number of the
key-action regulators and other specialty tools, but the mysteries remain.
There are four brass capstan tools. Each has a center point that can be
lowered by turning an arm, then another part of the assembly has internal
pawls to rachet. Shayt speculates the devices were for tensioning piano
wire. 

Long road to Smithsonian

Studley's obituary reports that his wife died nine years before he did and
mentions no surviving children. In fact, the only direct kin listed in the
obituary was his brother, Charles Studley, who was then 76 and ailing. The
chest apparently was bequeathed to an attorney who was the grandfather of
the current owner, Peter Hardwick. The tool chest was handed down in the
family and belonged to Hardwick's brother until Peter traded a 1934 Ford
for it. Not a woodworker, it had been Hardwick's original intention to sell
the chest, but as more was found out about its historical importance, he
loaned it to the Smithsonian for research, conservation and display.

Once at the museum, a conservation team of Clinton Neuguth, B. A. Richwine,
David Todd and Nikki Horton took the case in hand. They described the case
as being in overall good condition with the exception of a few cracks and
broken pieces of trim and inlay. Heavy dust covered the chest, so all the
tools were removed for cleaning. The conservation report lists more than 50
steps taken to make minor repairs to the case, ranging from reassembling a
saw handle broken into four pieces to turning a new ebony drawer pull knob.
The work took 245 hours.

Today, the result of all that work is enshrined in a glass display case as
an exhibit that opened in 1991 on the first floor of the Smithsonian's
National Museum of American History in Washington DC. The Studley tool
chest shares space with other tool chests from the 19th and 20th-century
trades. Stretching the definition of a tool chest, the display includes a
seamstresses' needle box, a urologists surgical kit and even a contemporary
shoeshine box. Chests of the machinist and cabinetmaker contrast with those
of the farrier and child woodworker. The chests are all filled with the
tools they were built to carry, emphasizing the utilitarian importance of
each box. Common to virtually all of the tool cases featured in the exhibit
is wooden construction and detailing, but none compares to the masterpiece
crafted by H. O. Studley.

While the Smithsonian's policy proscribes them from declaring a value on
anything they exhibit, research suggests the Studley chest's historic value
goes well beyond the thousands of dollars its tools might fetch at an
auction. There are also plans to do fully dimensioned drawings of the tool
chest at some future date.     s

Reprint permission for this article (now condensed from the original) was
requested of Fine Woodworking. Subscription informaion for this craft
magazine may be obtained by writing to the address at the head of this
article or calling (203) 426-8171, Ext. 565.








The Shining Ring
Luck, Accident or Providence?

George E. Waren
Master Mason
P.O. Box 2003
Longview, Washington  98632-0166

OUR days are often made memorable by pleasing incidents, either large or
small, which occur without logic or explanation and whose mystery stays
with us through our lifetimes as we wonder why.

The year 1957 wasn't an especially exciting time  for me. I was twenty
years old and struggling to find my place in the world.  However, an
incident happened in the spring of that year which haunts my memory still.

It was early one Saturday morning.  My friend and I had gone fishing on the
Columbia River in southwest Washington. The fishing place we selected was a
stretch of sandy beach which was very popular with the area's fishermen.
Several were already there when we arrived, and others would soon come to
occupy their favorite spots.

My friend, Jim, and I had baited our hooks and cast our lines far out into
the mighty river's current and had settled back to await the anticipated
triumph of our skill over the wily steelhead.  The sun was peeking over the
Cascade Mountains in the east.

As the sun rose to open and govern the day, its rays touched a small object
in the sand about fifteen yards to my left and sent a glint of light toward
me.  I barely noticed it at first, for my friend and I were eagerly talking
and watching our poles for the first sign that one of us had a fish.

But the glint of light persisted and seemed to be demanding my attention.
I thought to myself, "Somebody must have lost a fishing lure."  I tried not
to think about the sparkle of light. My concentration was needed on the job
at handfishing.

As the sun climbed toward the meridian, the tiny light faded and slowly
disappeared.  Fishermen walked along the beach, and some must have stepped
close to the object in the sand.

I reeled in my line, changed the bait, and cast again in to the river.
When I sat again in the sand, it was in a different place, and the angle
from the sun was just right to shine on the small object sixty feet away
and reflect the sparkle into the corner of my eye again.  My impulse was to
ignore it as nothing but a shining bottle cap, an abandoned lure, or a
piece of bright but worthless metal. But my curiosity finally conquered my
will. I said to my partner, "Jim, there's something shining in the sand
over there.  I'm going to check it out."

I lazily shuffled to the mystery object and picked it up. I could scarcely
believe my eyes! It was a gold ring with three raised bands and the number
33 in a black triangle, a Thirty-third Degree Scottish Rite ring!

Racing back to my friend, I shouted, "Jim, it's a Thirty-third Degree
Mason's ring."  He looked puzzled and said, "A what?"  So I explained to
him that, being a DeMolay, I knew what it was.  To him, my luck had simply
helped me to find a gold ring.  "How much is it worth?" he queried.

I explained to him that the dollar value of the ring was not an indication
of its worth.  "Dollars couldn't buy what this ring means to the man who
earned it by great service to the Rite," was my comment as I returned the
ring to the zippered pocket of my windbreaker.

Then my thoughts turned to the problem of identifying the owner of the ring
and returning it to him. Was it possible?  It wouldn't be easy.  People
came from all over the region to fish for salmon and steelhead from this
beach.

My friend and I continued to fish, but I couldn't keep my mind on the
fishing.  The intriguing question of how to find the ring's owner had
overwhelmed me.  Finally, I unzipped my coat pocket and took out the ring.
Could there possibly be a clue on it, some kind of identification?  I
turned it over and around.  I looked inside the band andWhat's this?"
Something looked like worn and faded letters. Could it be a name? As I
squinted my eyes and turned the golden band just right, I could see the
letters, E. STONE.  "It is! It is a name!" I shouted.  At least I had the
last name and an initial.  These were the clues I needed.

Returning the ring to the security of my coat pocket, I let my mind race to
the next step in the search for the ring's owner.  I said to myself, "Now I
must find a Mason who can help me.  My brother-in-law is a Mason.  He can
help me find the owner."  I felt much better.

That afternoon I went to my brother-in-law's home and told him my story.
He immediately put me in touch with a long-time member of the Scottish Rite
who was the manager of a large company in the city. The gentleman received
me graciously and smiled as I related the strange story and handed him the
ring.  He said that he would do everything possible to find the owner.

He called me the very next day and said that he had located the man who
lost the ring, Judge Earl Stone, who had retired from the Superior Court
bench and was living right there in Kelso, Washington. I was elated, of
course, and asked the gentleman if he had returned the ring to Mr. Stone.
He replied, "No, I want you to come and pick it up at my office and deliver
it to him yourself."  When I picked up the ring, he gave me the address.

When I arrived at Mr. Stone's home and knocked on the door, an elderly lady
appeared and, before I could say a word, she asked, "Are you George?"

"Yes," I replied and she threw the door open wide, grabbed me for a big hug
and cried.  She invited me into the living room, and there was the judge.
Although somewhat slowed by arthritis, he advanced to meet me and shook my
hand for a long time.

With my free hand I pulled the ring from my pocket and handed it to him.
Taking it in his slender hand he held it to his breast and had a hard time
speaking and holding back the tears.  His wife told me that the Scottish
Rite had presented the ring to him in 1947 and that he had been extremely
distraught about losing it.

She explained that the Judge had lost weight after retirement, and the ring
no longer fit his finger snugly, so he had tried wrapping the ring with
tape to keep from losing it.  She thought the tape might have got wet at
the beach and allowed the ring to slip off.  The Judge said that he had
lost the ring two days before I found it.

The wonderful feeling I had when I left the home was indescribable.  But,
the haunting questions still penetrate my reverie.  When hundreds of people
walked directly over and around the ring, why did only I, a DeMolay, spot
it?  Why, when I moved from one spot to another on the beach, did the sun's
reflection follow me?  Why was just enough lettering left to identify the
engraving?  And the big question is, why, after two days where the tide
ebbs and flows twice in twenty-four hours, was the ring still able to catch
the sun's rays and send its beckoning message to me?

Luck? Accident? Providence? May-  be someday the Great Architect of the
Universe will give me the answers.     s

Robert E. Waren has served as Senior Warden of Kalama Lodge No. 17 of
Kalama, Washington, and was active in DeMolay where he was a Master
Counselor and a recipient of both the Representative DeMolay award and the
Chevalier Degree in the state of Kansas. He is a senior field electronics
engineer for an industrial robotics service company.








Well-Formed, True, and Trusty
Dr. S. Brent Morris, 33
Book Reviews Editor for
the Scottish Rite Journal

I was excited and flattered when Grand Commander Kleinknecht asked me to
write a book celebrating the bicentennial of the cornerstone of the U.S.
Capitol.  It was somewhat intimidating to know that I would be following in
the footsteps of Illustrious Brother  Ray Baker Harris, 33, whose 1961
book, The Laying of Cornerstones, is a classic.  I didn't try to expand on
his scholarship, but aimed to give my readers a broad overview of Masonic
involvement in so many significant American buildings.

As happens with almost every research project I undertake, I was amazed to
discover how little I knew about Masons and cornerstones (despite what I
thought before). The more I learned about Masonic participation in these
public ceremonies, the prouder I became. I hope that Cornerstones of
Freedom, if nothing else, imparts that sense of pride to its readers.

Cornerstones of Freedom:  A Masonic Tradition, by S. Brent Morris, 33,

196 pp. Hardbound, $12 postpaid; softbound, $8 postpaid; softbound in lots
of 10 or more, $6 postpaid. Checks payable to: The Supreme Council, 33,
1733 16th Street, NW, Washington, DC  20009-3199. Available by late October
1993. See p. 29.  

LLUSTRIOUS Brother S. Brent Morris, 33, has done the Craft a great service
by writing Cornerstones of Freedom.  He has assembled an amazing amount of
information about Freemasonry and cornerstones. There should be something
for every reader.

Browsers will be stunned by the visual images presented here.  There are
reproductions of pencil sketches, photographs, engravings, and oil
paintings.  These include every major image of Brother George Washington at
the 1793 U.S. Capitol cornerstone laying. The pictures range from Brother
Benjamin Latrobe's 1793 sketch of Brother Washington and Alexandria Lodge
No. 22 marching to Capitol Hill to pictures of the 1993 bicentennial
celebration of the Capitol cornerstone.  There are pictures of Masonic
cornerstones ceremonies, big and small, famous and little-known.
Cornerstones of Freedom will keep the browser glued to its pages.

Casual readers will have a hard time staying casual. They might think that
all they want to know are the details of the U.S. Capitol and perhaps the
White House.  In short order they will be intrigued by Jones Point, the
first boundary point of the District of Columbia. Then there is the mystery
of  the "lost" cornerstones at the White House and the Capitol. Before they
know it, casual readers will be absorbed by the cornerstone stories of the
Statue of Liberty, the University of North Carolina, St. Paul's Church in
Cambridge, Maryland, the B. & O. Railroad, and the Erie Canal.  It will be
hard to be a casual reader in the face of this wonderful assortment of
stories.

Serious Masonic students should know that Illustrious Brother Morris would
not let them down. He gives an excellent history of the evolution of the
Masonic cornerstone ceremony.  Its well-known words are followed for over
200 years, and each significant addition and change is noted. There is a
parallel presentation of the 1772 English ceremonies of William Preston and
Thomas Smith Webb's 1797 adaptation of them for American use. To add icing
to the already rich cake, Illustrious Brother Morris clearly shows the
association of the northeast cornerstone with the first cornerstone is a
"modern" innovation on the body of Masonry. Masonic students will find this
book an indispensable reference for their libraries.

The book is sumptuous to behold.  Its layout, typography, and illustrations
are first-rate, as is the writing.  The volume offers something for
everyone. Your non-Masonic friends, for instance, will enjoy reading the
stories about the White House and Capitol as well as those of other famous
American buildings.

It is a great book for your Lodge to present to the local library; the
pictures alone make it an invaluable reference for students writing about
Washington, DC. It is an ideal book,  both inspirational and instructional,
for the new Master Mason, and it is perfect for the seasoned Mason who
wants to learn more about his Craft. Finally, the student of Masonry needs
this volume for its comparison of historic cornerstone ceremonies,
discussion of the symbolism of the northeast cornerstone, and detailed
reference list, if nothing else.

The Supreme Council deserves our thanks for commissioning Cornerstones of
Freedom: A Masonic Tradition and for publishing it, through the office of
the Scottish Rite Journal, in such magnificent style. It is indeed a
fitting tribute to the bicentennial of the cornerstone of the U.S. Capitol,
which is itself, in the words of the Masonic cornerstone ceremony, the
symbolic cornerstone "well-formed true, and trusty" of freedom in the
world.

Professor Duane E. Anderson, 33
Duluth, Minnesota
Scottish Rite Bodies

Kentucky Celebrates America and Freemasonry

The American Republic and the Masonic Fraternity are closely linked. Not
only were many of our Founding Fathers Masons, but American governing
institutions and civic values have been, and continue to be, influenced by
our Craft. In celebration of this linkage, the American Heritage Committee
of the Valley of Louisville, KY, hosted a program on July 8, 1993, which
featured a dinner followed by an address by Ill\  Reynold J. "Dick"
Matthews, 33, Grand Archivist of The Supreme Council, 33, S\J\ 

Taking key roles in the program were the Legion of Honor Color Guard of
Kosair Shrine Temple, Bro\ C. L. Lane, 32, K\C\C\H\, organist of the
Valley of Louisville, and the Louisville Scottish Rite Choir.

The address by Ill\  Matthews featured an examination of the achievements
of those among our founders who were Masons. He also discussed Masonic
values, such as respect for civil authority and the faithful discharge of
one's obligations to God, family and neighbors, linking these to the
stability and prosperity of our Republic since its beginning.

At the conclusion of Brother Matthew's speech, he was presented with a
commission as a Kentucky Colonel by Ill\  John E. Moyers, P\ G\M\ , 33,
S\G\I\G\ in Kentucky. All present that evening could be thankful for the
heritage of American Freemasons, and have confidence in the future of the
United States and our Fraternity.

Bro\Harris Installed President of Sojourners

Bro\ (Colonel) Frank W. Harris III was installed as National President of
National Sojourners, Incorporated, on 18 June 1993, at the 73rd Annual
Convention.

Bro\ Harris served 34 years in the United States Navy and Marines Corps as
an Engineer Officer. His service included tours of duty in Okinawa, Guam,
Viet Nam, and England.

Raised a Master Mason in John A. LeJeune Lodge No. 350, Quantico, Virginia,
on 6 June 1955, Brother Harris served his Lodge as Worshipful Master in
1985.

He is a member of Scottish Rite Bodies in Okinawa, Japan, and Alexandria,
Virginia, Kena Shrine Temple, and Manassas Chapter No. 81, Royal Arch in
Manassas, Virginia.


Bro\ Harris is Vice-President of the Collingwood Library and Museum on
Americanism in Alexandria, Virginia.

Amaranth Nears $2 Million Mark

On June 27, 1993, at the 96th Annual Assembly of the Supreme Council, Order
of Amaranth, meeting in Little Rock, AR, H. L. Bert Toland, Supreme Royal
Matron, presented a check for $200,000 to the American Diabetes
Association. With this donation, Amaranth reached $1.8 million in
contributions to the American Diabetes Association. Each year donations by
members of Amaranth permit two to four doctors to each receive a grant of
$50,000 or more for research leading to a cure for diabetes.

The 96th Annual Assembly provided research funds for: Darrell H. Carney, Ph.D., Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, for a possible new treatment to accelerate diabetic wound healing; Daniel Kaufman, Ph.D., Univ. of California, Los Angeles, for immunotherapies for diabetes; and Daniel Porte, Jr., M.D., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, for a mentor-based postdoctoral fellowship.

Ill\ Pack Passes

Perhaps Ill\ Lamont Aldinni Pack, 33, at age 94 was one of the eldest
Scottish Rite Brothers to be coroneted an Inspector General Honorary. Born
in Kamas, Utah, on July 23, 1897, Ill\  Pack enjoyed a successful career as
a dentist. He was a member of George Washington Lodge No. 24 of Ogden,
Utah, and the Valley of Salt Lake City.

In addition to a lifelong dedication to Freemasonry, Ill\ Pack wrote a
valuable memoir of his Masonic family history and was a strong supporter of
the Scottish Rite Childhood Language Disorders Program and the House of the
Temple Foundation, Inc.

Ill\  Brother Pack passed away on July 28, 1993. He will be deeply missed
by all who knew this enthusiastic and knowledgeable Brother.

Patients Get A Lift

Recently, the Billings, Montana, Scottish Rite Bodies initiated a new
community service projectgiving rides to cancer patients receiving
treatment at the Northern Rockies Cancer Center in Billings, Montana.

Often a cancer patient is too ill, weak, elderly, or financially strapped
to afford private transportation to the Center. The new service provides
round-trip, door-to-door service and the personal touch of a driver who is
concerned and willing to wait while the patient receives treatment.

Brother William Alexander, 32, himself a patient at the Northern Rockies
Cancer Center, proposed the idea of providing courtesy transportation, and
it was rapidly accepted by the Billings Brethren. Richard A. Beulke, 32,
Venerable Master, Billings Lodge of Perfection, and Ill\ Bro\ Gerald V.
Shay, 33, P\G\M\ of Masons in Montana, spearheaded the project and
resolved, with the aid of several other Brothers, the many areas that
needed attention: permits, insurance coverage, licensing, tax-exempt
status, purchase of the van and a two-way radio, and the organization of a
staff of 25 volunteer Brethren donating their services five days a week
from 7:30 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.

The Center serves as many as 70 patients every day, so there is always a
demand for this fine Scottish Rite community service. Your outstanding
work, Brothers, gives a high positive profile to the Scottish Rite locally
and is of real assistance to people needing your help. Congratulations to
you all for this significant contribution!


Dennis E. Provencher, 33
Ill\ Dennis E. Provencher, 33, Deputy in Okinawa and Guam, was recently
installed as the Right Eminent Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery of
the Republic of the Philippines.

Unique Installation
When the guard changes for the queen of England, there is much pomp and
circumstance, and the public installation of officers at the Metro DeMolay
Chapter of Albuquerque, New Mexico, is no different. In full Scottish
regalia, piper and Bro\ Mike Henry, P\M\, 32, of the Albuquerque Scottish
Rite Valley, and a member of Ballut Abyad Shrine Temple in Albuquerque,
entertained all present. Pictured below (l. to r.) are: Aspen H. Russell,
Metro Chapter's Sweetheart, Job's Daughters; Stephen G. Perrin, Metro's
Master Counselor; James L. Massengale, Senior Counselor; Bro\ Mike Henry,
32; Christopher J. Davis, Jr. Counselor; and Erica D. Fitzpatrick, New
Mexico's State Sweetheart, Job's Daughters.

Philippines Grand Commander Appointed to Supreme Court

On June 29, 1993, President Ramos of the Philippines appointed Ill\
Reynato S. Puno, Sovereign Grand Commander of the Supreme Council of the
Philippines, as an Associate Justice of the 15-member Supreme Court of the
Philippines. 

Ill\ Puno comes to this highest judicial appointment within the Philippine
legal system after distinguished service to his country and to Freemasonry.
He graduated from the law schools of the University of the Philippines in
1962 and the University of California in Berkeley, CA, in 1968, and then
served as an assistant tax attorney, city judge, assistant solicitor
general, deputy minister of justice, and associate justice of the Court of
Appeals, before accepting his recent appointment to the Supreme Court.

In addition to his outstanding judicial career, Ill\ Reynato S. Puno is a
lay preacher of the United Methodist Church and former Grand Master of the
Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippines.

Flag Day
A Community Affair

This year's National Flag Day ceremonies conducted by the Pensacola,
Florida, Scottish Rite Masons took on an added measure of importancethey
were truly a "Community Affair." Due to inclement weather, the affair was
moved inside; however, the rain didn't dampen the spirit and enthusiasm of
those who participated with the Pensacola Brothers.

The ceremonies opened with a musical prelude by the Navy Choir, a massing
and presentation of the Colors, followed by a mass Pledge of Allegiance and
the reading of Flag Day Proclamations from the Mayor of Pensacola and the
Escambia County Board of Commissioners. The "Toast to the Flag" was given
by Ill\ Harold C. Detling, 33, Personal Representative of the S\G\I\G\ in
Florida. Following a musical postlude, all participants and guests were
treated to a reception hosted by the Pensacola Scottish Rite Woman's
Association. Those who desired were conducted on a tour of the historic
Temple building.

The following organizations participated: Pensacola Fire and Police
Departments; Pensacola K\C\ C\H\ Color Guard; Pensacola Elks Lodge No. 497;
Knights of Columbus Color Guard; Hadji Shrine Temple Legion of Honor; Naval
Air Station Pensacola Ceremonial Unit; Marine Aviation Training Support
Group, NAS, Color Guard; Navy Color Guard and Navy Choir, Naval Technical
Training Center, Corry Station, Pensacola; and Heroes of '76, National
Sojourners, Lexington Camp, Pensacola.

It is anticipated that additional local groups will join with these units
to make the 1994 commemoration, even more of a Scottish Rite and Pensacola
community affair.

Ill\ Brewer Honored

A highlight of the 1993 spring Reunion of the Scottish Rite Bodies of New Bern, North Carolina, was the presentation by Ill\ H. Lloyd Wilkerson, 33, S\G\I\G\ in North Carolina, of a well-deserved Scottish Rite Certificate of Honour to Ill\ James W. Brewer, 33. (See top photo p. 41.) Ill\ Brewer is the senior living Past Grand Master (1961) of the Grand Lodge of North Carolina, a Past Grand Treasurer of the Grand Lodge, Past Potentate of Sudan Temple, and has attended the Conference of Grand Masters for 43 consecutive years. At age 81, he is still very active in Freemasonry, especially the Scottish Rite.

NATO Bases 
International Reunion


The American Military Scottish Rite Bodies, Orient of NATO Bases, held its
Summer Reunion at the lovely Terrace Club in Frankfurt, Germany, on 17
July, 1993, and had the privilege of conferring the Scottish Rite Degrees
on NATO Brethren, as well as twenty-six Portuguese and three Czech
Brothers.  (See photo below.) Ill\ Robert W. Woodward, 33, Deputy, NATO
Bases, welcomed these Brothers which included M\W\ Fernando Paes Coelho
Teixeira, Grand Master of Masons in Portugal. Among the several guests of
honor were Ill\ Jiri Sonka, 33, Minister of State of the Supreme Council
of the Czech Republic; R\W\ Yves Trestournel, Grand Secretary of the Grande
Loge Nationale Franaise, 32, and R\W\ Jean-Francois Humbert, 32,
D\D\G\M\ of Honor, Grande Loge Nationale Franaise.

Masonic Food Drive
Aids Flood Victims

In response to the recent natural disaster in the Midwest, the Brethren of
King Solomon Lodge No. 94 in Gallatin, Tennessee, sponsored and organized a
food drive for the flood victims in Missouri.

The project began on July 16th with two trailers of relief supplies being
carried to Freedom Lodge No. 636 in Mehlville, Missouri. Upon his return to
Gallatin, Bro  Robert W. Lankford, 32, K\C\C\H\, Worshipful Master of King
Solomon Lodge, was contacted by a truck driver of the Westside Trucking
Company of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, who said his company would provide a 48-foot
trailer, tractor, and driver if the Masons could fill it up for a return
trip to St. Louis.

By August 5, the Brethren of King Solomon Lodge had the trailer filled with
approximately 65,000 pounds of nonperishable supplies, baby food and
diapers, disinfectants and cleaning supplies with a total estimated value
of $55,000.  At the other end, the Salvation Army distribution center in
Mehlville, Missouri, arranged for unloading and distribution.

As a bonus, the truck driver asked for a petition for Masonic Degrees!

Brethren from King Solomon Lodge, No. 94, Gallatin, TN, pitched in to help
the Midwest's flood victims. Pictured (l. to r.) loading relief supplies on
a 48-foot trailer  are: Bro\ Stanford Brooks, Lodge Secretary; Bro\ Charles
E. Thurman; Bro\  Grover Wade, 32; and Bro\ Robert W. Lankford, 32,
K\C\C\H\, Worshipful Master of King Solomon Lodge.

Masonry's "Triple Crown"

Bro\ William J. Lorenz, 32, K\C\C\H\, Prior of Kentucky Priory No. 25,
Knights of the York Cross of Honour, recently awarded six Past Grand
Masters of Kentucky with the "Triple Crown of Freemasonry" for their
outstanding service to the Symbolic Lodge, the Scottish Rite, and the York
Rite of Freemasonry in Kentucky. They are Past Masters: Ill\ William G.
Hinton, 33; Robert M. Wilhite, 33; Ill\ Joe McClanahan, 33; Ill\ George
R. Effinger, S\G\ I\G\ Emeritus; Ill\ Marlin White, 33; and Ill\ Robert M.
Sirkle, 33.

       All are Scottish Rite Masons and Knights of the York Cross of
Honour. Also, Past Grand Masters White and Sirkle are both Past Priors. The
ceremonies took place on July 31, 1993, at the Gayle D. Baber, 32, Banquet
of the Priory summer session in Covington, Kentucky. Other recipients, all
Thirty-third Degree Masons, included Ill\ Brothers Nolan Rose, Richard V.
Bergen, Fayette May, Fred Bryant, Jr., Charles L. Stevens, Samuel H.
Painter, and Morrison L. Cooke.

Those who will receive the Triple Crown award in September are Illustrious
Brothers Wendell P. Wright, Peter J. Kappas, John H. Martin, Rodney
Williams, Jr., and James B. Wall. Of the 73,000 Masons in Kentucky, only 22
Past Masters are honored with both the Thirty-third Degree and the York
Cross of Honour.

Alabama DeMolay Conclave

The Alabama State DeMolay Conclave was held in Florence, Alabama, July
15-17, 1993. The Conclave ended with a gala State DeMolay banquet which was
well attended by DeMolay members, Rainbow girls, and Masonic leaders from
the Grand Lodge, Scottish Rite and York Rite as well as the Order of
Rainbow for Girls. The spirit of dedication and determination which began
at the last Conclave continued throughout this meeting.

The State DeMolay Trophy, a new trophy honoring the late Ray R. Morgan,
33, former Executive Officer of DeMolay in Alabama, was presented to the
Chapter which had made the greatest progress in all areas of DeMolay.

The DeMolay members were eager and enthusiastic participants in all events,
including sports and ritual competition. Trophies were presented to each
winner of the various events, and DeMolay Greg Lard of the Florence Chapter
won the Sovereign Grand Inspector General's Trophy for his near-perfect
rendition of the Ceremony of the Lights.

The Grand Master of Alabama, M\W\ Robert L. Jones, 32 K\C\C\H\, made
appropriate remarks at the closing of the banquet.

Ill\ S. Barry Casey Passes

On August 21, 1993, Ill\ S. Barry Casey, 33, Emeritus Member, Past
S\G\I\G\ in Arizona, and Past Grand Orator, passed to the Celestial Lodge.
Ill\ Robert F. Hannon, 33, S\G\I\G\ in Arizona, attended the funeral
services on August 25 in Phoenix, AZ, as the representative of Sov\ Gr\
Cmdr\ C. Fred Kleinknecht, 33, and of the many Scottish Rite Brethren who
admired and loved this outstanding leader of our Order.

Born on December 11, 1909, in Kennett, Missouri, Ill\ Casey rose to
business prominence as owner and manager of the Casey Seed Company until
his retirement in 1968. He also served extensively as a member of the U. S.
Selective Service System, Central Baptist Church, Salvation Army, and
Americans United for Separation of Church and State.

Raised a Master Mason in 1945 in Silver Trowel Lodge No. 29 of Phoenix, AZ,
he served his Lodge as Worshipful Master and filled nearly every office in
the Grand Lodge of Arizona, serving as Grand Master, 1966-67, and as Grand
Treasurer. Though honored by DeMolay, Rainbow for Girls, and the York Rite
of which he was a member, he was most dedicated to the Scottish Rite where,
a member since 1945, he was recognized for his service by receiving the
K\C\C\H\ in 1955 and the Thirty-third Degree in 1962. Appointed Deputy in
Arizona in 1974 and S\G\I\G\ in 1975, he also served The Supreme Council as
Grand Orator and, appropriately, his portrait was installed in the Temple
Architects Hall of Honor in 1991 by the Brethren of the Valley of Phoenix.
Our Order will miss this good man and outstanding Masonic leader.

