The Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe is an island nation in the Gulf of Guinea. It is made of two islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located apart off of the coast of Gabon. Both islands are part of an extinct volcanic mountain range. São Tomé almost exactly on the equator. The name comes from Saint Thomas because Portuguese explorers discovered this island on St. Thomas's Day.
São Tomé and Príncipe constitute Africa's smallest country. São Tomé is 50 kilometers long and 32 kilometers wide and has the more mountainous of the two islands. Its peaks reach 2,024 meters on the sea level. Príncipe is smaller, about 30 kilometers long and 6 kilometers wide. Swift streams radiating down the mountains through forest to the sea cross both islands.
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