L T P Class
Work: 50
3 1 - Exam:
100
Total: 150
Duration of
Exam: 3 Hrs.
Unit-1: Basic
Principles: Boolean algebra
and Logic gates, Combinational logic blocks(Adders, Multiplexers, Encoders,
de-coder), Sequential logic blocks(Latches, Flip-Flops, Registers, Counters)
Unit-2: General
System Architecture: Store
program control concept, Flynn’s classification of computers (SISD, MISD,
MIMD); Multilevel viewpoint of a machine: digital logic, micro architecture,
ISA, operating systems, high level language; structured organization; CPU,
caches, main memory, secondary memory units & I/O; Performance metrics;
MIPS, MFLOPS.
Unit-3:
Instruction Set Architecture:
Instruction set based classification of processors (RISC, CISC, and their
comparison); addressing modes: register, immediate, direct, indirect, indexed;
Operations in the instruction set; Arithmetic and Logical, Data Transfer,
Control Flow; Instruction set formats (fixed, variable, hybrid); Language of
the machine: 8086 ; simulation using MSAM.
Unit-4: Basic
non pipelined CPU Architecture:
CPU Architecture types (accumulator, register, stack, memory/ register)
detailed data path of a typical register based CPU, Fetch-Decode-Eecute cycle
(typically 3 to 5 stage); microinstruction sequencing, implementation of
control unit, Enhancing performance with pipelining.
Unit-5: Memory
Hierarchy & I/O Techniques:
The need for a memory hierarchy (Locality of reference principle, Memory hierarchy
in practice: Cache, main memory and secondary memory, Memory parameters:
access/ cycle time, cost per bit); Main memory (Semiconductor RAM & ROM
organization, memory expansion, Static & dynamic memory types); Cache
memory (Associative & direct mapped cache organizations.
Unit-6:
Introduction to Parallelism:
Goals of parallelism (Exploitation of concurrency, throughput enhancement);
Amdahl s law; Instruction level parallelism (pipelining, super scaling basic
features);Processor level parallelism (Multiprocessor systems overview).
Unit-7:
Computer Organization [80x86]: Instruction
codes, computer register, computer instructions, timing and control,
instruction cycle, type of instructions, memory reference, register reference.
I/O reference, Basics of Logic Design, accumulator logic, Control memory,
address sequencing, microinstruction formats, micro-program sequencer, Stack
Organization, Instruction Formats, Types of interrupts; Memory Hierarchy.