qarTvelebi amerikaSi

giga eremaZe,

`eTnopolitikis~ korespondenti.

politologi, teqnikuri universitetis ganyofilebis gamge da studentTa samecniero sabWos xelmZRvaneli nugzar vaniSvili 40 dRis ganmavlobaSi amerikul civilizacias eziara. okeanes gaRma qarTvel despans erTi fraza aekviata: amerika aris dedamiwaze yvelaze kargi saxelmwifo da yvelaze gaurkveveli qveyana, xolo saqarTvelo gaxlavT yvelaze kargi qveyana cisqveSeTSi, magram yvelaze cudi saxelmwifo. marTalia, am cud saxelmwifos, Tavis droze, bevri dausxlta, magram amerikaSi leqciebis wasakiTxad Casulma leqtorma, Cvenda gasaocrad aRmoaCina, rom okeanesgaRmel qarTvelTa umetesobas tyuilad vwamebT mentalobis Secvlas, maT qarTuli buneba ar daukargavT da samSobloSi Camosvlas eSurebian. amasTan, sxva erovnebisagan gansxvavebiT, amerikaSi umwikvlo reputaciiTac sargebloben da marTalia, pirvel qarTvel mojiriTeTa msgavsad, amerikas ver gaakvirveben, magram arc saxelgatexilebi dagvibrundebian.

nugzar vaniSvili: amerikaSi yofnis periodi, ZiriTadad, iqauri sazogadoebis Seswavlas davuTme da, Cemi komunikabeluri bunebis wyalobiT, 100-mde qarTveli gavicani, maT Soris, ramdenime erTguli megobaric SeviZine da davrwmundi, rom Cvenze Rirseuli eri msoflioSi ar moipoveba. amerikaSi cxovreba emigrantebisaTvis problematuri araa, radgan am qveyanaSi milionobiT samuSao adgilia, dawyebuli saaTSi 5-dolariani, damTavrebuli 10 an metdolariani anazRaurebiT. amerikaSi Casuls samuSaos moZebnis safrTxe ar emuqreba, yvelgan misawvdomia, rusuli gazeTebi gamodis auracxeli reklamebiTa da samuSaos SemoTavazebebiT. orasgverdian gazeTSi daaxloebiT 75 gverdi samuSaoebis ganacxadebs aqvs daTmobili. zogierTs hgonia, rom amerika ukve aSenebuli da damSvenebulia, magram niu-iorkSi, sadac momiwia yofna, grandiozuli mSenebloba mimdinareobs da muSaxelic saZebnia. qarTvelebs SeuZliaT maRaziebSi, qarxnebSi, puris sacxobSi muSaoba. iq mcxovrebi qarTvelisgan gamigia, dReSi 1000 purs vyidio. qarTuli Tonis puri amerikaSi erTi dolari Rirs da, marTlac rom Semosavliani saqmianobaa. amitomacaa, rom, roca aq Tbiliseli biWebi sigarets eweodnen, alkohols an narkotikebs mimarTavdnen an ubralod, quCaSi usaqmod idgnen, iq samuSaoTi imdenad datvirTuli arian, amisTvis droc ar rCebaT. sasmelis moyvarulma emigrantma qarTvelma miTxra, saqarTvelodan wasvlis Semdeg, 6 welia wveTi ar damileviao. ase, rom marTali yofila ilia, usaqmuroba dedaa yovelive sisaZaglisao.

- somxebs Zalian myari saTvistomoebi aqvT ucxoeTSi, qarTvelebi ki ratomRac verasdros axerxebdnen Zlieri diasporis Seqmnas, amerikaSi Tu aris qarTuli dasaxleba?

- aseTi gaxlavT niu-iorkis erT-erTi yvelaze lamazi ubani, braitoni. Tavis droze am popularul dasaxlebaSi daiwyes moRvaweoba rusuli Slageris mimdevrebma Sufutinskim da uspenskaiam. braitoni, romelic sigrZiT 20 kilometramdea, zRvis napirs miuyveba da raRaciT soWsac mogvavgonebs. am ubanSi, Zalauneburad, mSobliur kuTxeSi grZnob Tavs, radgan yovel nabijze qarTuli firniSi SegxvdebaT _ `xaSi~, `xinkali~, `xaWapuri~. niu-iorkSi ramdenime qarTuli saTvistomocaa, gamodis qarTul enovani gazeTi `iveria~ ilia baramiZis redaqtorobiT. adre megona, rom nostalgias ar hqonda wamali, magram axla davrwmundi, masac aRmoaCnda gansakuTrebuli saSualeba, radgan axla ise dapataravda dedamiwa, rom samSobloSi darCenil TanamemamuleebTan kontaqti telefoniT Tu kompiuteriT advilad miRwevadia. iqidan saqarTveloSi darekva sul raRac 5 centi Rirs. adre Cvens emigrantebs rom awuxebdaT nostalgia, es marTlac sxva grZnoba iyo, menSevikebs samSobloSi dabrunebis imedi naklebad hqondaT, axlandelma emigrantebma ki ician, rom unda gaZlon 1-2 an kidev ramdenime weli, Tanxa daagrovon da samSobloSi dabrundnen. amasTan, ucxo miwaze erTmaneTis naxvis problemac ar aqvT da tradiciebs ar iviwyeben. sul axlaxans megobris Svilic movnaTle amerikaSi, sami Tvis Tengiz-luka supataSvili da samSobloSi CamoviyvaneT me da Cemma meuRlem. sul raRac erT weliwadSi misi mSoblebic dabrundebian da marto bebiisa da papis imedad aRar iqneba patara. saqarTveloSi dabrunebis survili emigrant qarTvelebs axali mTavrobis pirobebSi ufro gaumZlavrdaT.

- amerikaSi menSevikuri mTavrobis dros wasul qarTvelTa STamomavlebs Tu waawydiT?

- niu-iorkis maxloblad, Tavisuflebis qandakebidan daaxloebiT 100-200 metrSi, zRviT saval adgilas Tu gavuyvebiT, elisis kunZuls miadgebiT, sadac metad saintereso muzeumia. iq arsebuli eqsponatebis mixedviT Tu vimsjelebT, 1914 wlamde amerikaSi Casuli qarTveli ar fiqsirdeba. muzeumSi Sesvlisas did suraTs wavawydi, sadac Coxosnebi exatnen, gamixarda, iqneb qarTvelebi arian-meTqi, Tumca Sevcdi _ naxatze lekebi gamoesaxaT da maT daRestnur warmomavlobas warwerac adasturebda. ase, rom 1914 wlamde qarTveli, rogorc migranti, iq ar dafiqsirebula. kacma rom Tqvas, ra undodaT qarTvelebs iq, saqarTvelos saxiT walkotSi cxovrobdnen. elementarulad 1909 wlis ambavi maxsendeba, roca erTma senakelma glexma, gvarad kvaracxeliam, ruseTis imperator nikolozs 100 TeTri xari gaugzavna mxoloddamxolod ubralo simpatiis gamo da es xarebi tyupiscalebiviT hgavdnen erTmaneTs, msgavsi woniTa Tu formiT. am magaliTiT Tu vimsjelebT, qarTvelebs im periodSi araferi uWirdaT da ratom moiklavdnen Tavs amerikaSi wasvliT?

- okeanisgaRma cxovreba cvlis Tu ara qarTul cnobierebas?

- samwuxaroa, magram faqtia, rom arsebobs kategoria iqauri qarTvelebisa, romelTac ar surT saqarTveloSi dabruneba, maT sruli informacia ar miewodebaT da dRemde hgoniaT, rom Cvens qveyanaSi isev is krizisi, gamwarebuli sazogadoeba da puris rigebSi dgomis safrTxe eliT, rasac am aTiode wlis winaT gaeqcnen. erTma arc is damimala, CemTvis marTlmadidebuli sarwmunoeba da kaTolikuri erTi da igiveao. am frazam Zlier SemaSfoTa. rogorc Cans, Zalauneburad icvleba mentaliteti, qarTvel qalTa umravlesoba iq saukeTeso reputaciiT sargeblobs. amerikelebi maT gacilebiT afaseben, vidre russ, baltiispirels, polonels. qarTvelebs andoben TavianT saxlebs, savses qurqebiT, oqroulobiT da arc ki eparebaT eWvi, rom maT raimesken waucdebaT xeli. piradad mec SemeZlo meuRlesTan erTad davrCeniliyavi niu-iorkSi da dReSi 100-dolariani samuSao mqonoda, magram samSobloSi dabruneba varCie, qarTvelebs ki, vinc amerikaSi wasvlas apirebs, vurCev naxon es qveyana da, rogorc Tergdaleulebi eziarnen evropis civilizacias, maTac erTi-ori weli gaZlon usamSoblod, Tumca Svidi weli am qveyanaSi darCena sigiJea. vinc gasarTobad midis am zesaxelmwifoSi, cdeba. aq Sromis gareSe verafers gaxdebi. gamovTvale kidec, studentma sami akademiuri saaTi rom iswavlos, amerikaSi sacxovreblad saWiroa 8 saaTi mainc imuSaos. Cemi amerikuli voiaJi, Tundac, imitom Rirda, rom SemTxveviT, niu-iorkis marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi wavawydi bavSobisdroindel megobars, yifSiZis quCaze gazrdil aleko axvledians.

* * *

sainteresoa, rom nugzar vaniSvilis rCevam gaWra da samSobloSi dabruneba gadaawyvetina mis axalgacnobil megobrebs _ Savleg gogonaSvilsa da dima SalikaSvils. maTTan gasaubrebam damarwmuna, rom adamiani, Turme, ucxoeTSic SeZlebs qarTvelad darCenas, Tu am tvirTis zidvas ar gaeqceva. marTalia, 11 seqtembris teraqtis Semdeg amerikaSi emigrantis cxovreba garTulda da samuSaos Sovnac Wirs, magram qarTvelebs Sromis gasaocari niWi gamouvleniaT okeanesgaRma da am TvisebiT gamorCeul amerikelebsac ki jabnian am mxriv. marto is faqti rad Rirs, gia yaryaraSvilis batalionis wevrs tamiSis xidTan naRmze afeTqebul Savleg gogonaSvils, marjvena fexis mokveTis Semdeg, niu-iorkSi msoflio maraTonSi miuRia monawileoba da proTezis fexis gasakeTeblad yvelaferi uRonia, muSaobas ar dazarebia, radgan saqarTveloSi mis ojaxs saxsrebi ar gaaCnda. dRes nugzar vaniSvilis axlad SeZenili megobrebi saqarTveloSi arian da amerikaSi dabrunebas arc fiqroben.