erovnuli postulatebi

gaioz (gia) mamalaZe,

qarTvel nacionalictTa erTobis Tavmjdomare.

wmida ilia marTlis mier saqarTvelos erovnuli moZraobisaTvis Camoyalibebuli formula: `mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba~ dResac gamoxatavs qarTuli nacionalizmis sam mTavar postulats, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, sam mTavar vertikalur postulats. araviTari mtkiceba ar sWirdeba, rom qarTulobis es sameba Cveni TavisTavadobis umTavresi safuZvelia. amas eyrdnoba Cveni ideologia. mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba aris sami aucilebeli piroba, raTa Cven Cvenve viyoT da ara aravin. es postulatebi vertikaluri mimarTulebisaa, romelsac amagrebs sxva sami horizontaluri postulati, romelTac qvemoT SemogvaTavzebT. axla ganvixiloT iliaseuli sami postulati, romlebsac Tavisi ganmartebebi aqvT.

mamuli qveyana, samSoblo aris adamianTa erTobisTvis, erisTvis is sasicocxlo areali, geografiuli garemo, romlis gareSec ar yalibdeba socialuri erTeuli eri, romelic sinamdvileSi RvTismieri erTeulia. miwa, samSoblo mxare, qveyana aris is erTaderTi adgili, sadac SesaZlebelia saukuneTa, aTaswleulTa manZilze, warRvnidan warRvnamde, meored mosvlamde cxovrobdes eri da viTardebodes. sadac ibadebian, moRvaweoben, ikrZalebian Taobebi da Taobebi. sadac yoveli mtkaveli, yoveli saflavi, yoveli nageboba da nangrevi, yoveli kultivirebuli mcenare, yoveli mdinare da mTa, raRac Zalian saerTosi, raRac Zalian Zvirfasis saxsovaria cnobierad Tu qvecnobierad. es aris is sakuTari Tixa, romlisganac RmerTma adami Seqmna da romladac iqca qarTvelTa eTnarqebis Tubalis, mosoxis, kardus saTayvanebeli Zvlebi. mravali eri moiazrebs sakuTar samSoblos dedamiwaze saukeTeso adgilad, edemad. aseve qarTvelic. aris legenda, rom sanam qarTvelebi borot gveleSaps ebrZodnen, RmerTma yvela xalxs gaunawila qveyniereba da radgan aRaraferi darCa dagvianebuli qarTvelebisaTvis, TavisTvis Semonaxuli saukeTeso nawili dedamiwisa gveleSapebTan mebrZolebs dauTmo.

qarTuli da, saerTod, qristianuli warmodgeniT, iveria aris RvTismSoblis wilxvedri qveyana da a. S.

saqarTvelos sazRvrebi aris gansazRvruli Tavad RvTis mier da es istoriuladac aris dadgenili. amitom misi yoveli gojis daTmoba mtrisaTvis aris RvTis mocemulis ganiaveba, Ralati. swored amitom dasabrunebelia, rac dakargulia.

ena ena aris komunikaciis saSualeba am sityvis saukeTeso gagebiT. igi saerTo gvaqvs qarTvelebs (aqve SeiZleba gavixsenoT, rom enac sami gvaqvs qarTveluri, anu aqac samebobaa). saerTo eniT vesaubrebiT erTmaneTs, gardacvlil da momaval Taobebs. qarTulad mivmarTavT RmerTsac. RmerTic qarTulad gvesityveba. SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom qarTveli kacis warmodgenaSi qarTuli ena aris lazare, RvTis saukeTeso megobari. qarTvels sjera, rom RmerTs misi enisa yvelaze ukeT esmis, rom misi ena pirveladia, uZvelesia, da erTaderTi iqneba, rom qarTuli eniT ganisjeba kacobrioba da rom Tavad ufali am eniT saubrobs. es sruliadac ar aris dasaZraxi. mesianisturi ideologia mraval ers aqvs. mecnierebi marTlac amtkiceben qarTuli enis uZvelesobas, mis siaxloves savaraudo uZveles saerTo kacobriul metyvelebasTan. sulTmofenobis dRes sulman wmidam qarTulad aametyvela Tavad RvTismSobeli da iveria argo gansanaTleblad. sulman wmidam qarTulad aametyvela wmida mociqulebi andria pirvelwodebuli, simon kananeli, mataTa, Semdeg wmida nino, Semdeg aTcameti asureli mama, Semdeg efTvime mTawmindeli RvTismSoblis gamocxadebam da a. S.

qarTuli ena aris TviTgamoxatvis erTerTi saukeTeso saSualeba. sakmaod mdidaria Cveni ena, maSasadame, sakmaod TviTgamoxatulni varT. kargad TviTgamoxatva aucilebeli fsiqologiuri pirobaa adamianisTavis. SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom qarTveli kargad saubars wyaros adarebs, macocxlebel wyaros, sicocxlis wyaros. wyali qarTul warmodgenaSi sicocxlis umTavresi pirobaa. qarTuli eniT SesaZlebelia yvelafris gadmocema, maT Soris, saxarebisa da vefxistyaosnisa.

sarwmunoeba qristes sjuli aris sarwmunoeba, romelic Cven advilad miviReT. romelsac velodiT, romlisTvisac mzad viyaviT. vinaidan imTaviTve Cveni Cveulebani iyo iseTi, rom mxolod marTlmadideblobis miReba SegveZlo. sxvaTagan gansxvavebiT, Cven gvjeroda, rom qalic adamiania, rom masac aqvs suli da `lekvi lomisa sworia~. Cven gvjeroda, rom SeiZleba arsebobdes umwikvlo qali, deda da amitom SevZeliT gvecno yovladwmida qalwuli RvTismSobeli. Tuki RmerTi arsebobs, maS, ubiwod Casaxvac SeiZleba, vfiqrobdiT Cven da vicaniT sityva. Tuki aq vcxovrobT, SesaZloa, merec vicocxloT, vicodiT Cven da macxovari virwmuneT. Cven alali xalxi viyaviT da virwmuneT, rom ufals marTlac etkina maTraxebi da jvarze gakvra. etkina imitom, rom Tavisi tkiviliT, wamebiT, jvarze gakvriT, sikvdiliTa da aRdgomiT gamoesyida Cveni codvebi da maradiuli cxovreba moeniWebina CvenTvis. maS, Tu mas ori buneba ar eqneboda, RvTiuri da adamianuri, rogorRa etkineboda. RvTiur bunebas rogor etkineba da Tu ar etkineboda, misi tanjva xom ar iqneboda namdvili, misi tanjva xom TvalTmaqcoba iqneboda, tyuili iqneboda. vaWari xom araa ufali. Tavad siwmindea igi da amitom viwameT Cven alalebma diofizitoba. Cven alali xalxi viyaviT da virwmuneT RvTiuri sialale. rac viwameT, mas SevwireT yvelaferi, SevewireT Tavadac. roca vambobT, sarwmunoebas SevwireTo yvelaferi, igulisxmeba, rom sxvagvarad ar SegveZlo. ar SegveZlo RvTis Ralati da ar SegveZlo sakuTari Tavis, WeSmaritebis, simarTlis Ralati, Tundac formalurad. rac WeSmariti ar aris, ver virwmunebdiT brZenni. ver daijereb damaxinjebul simarTles.

yoveli sarwmunoeba kargia da saSualebaa RmerTTan miaxlebisa, magram marTlmadidebloba yvelaze srulyofilia. nuravin SemekamaTeba, islami biZaSvilis colad moyvanas ar krZalavs, piriqiT, iezidizmic avaldebulebs, aseve iudaizmi, ar krZalavs kaTolicizmic. aseTi rame rogor SeiZleba RmerTs moewonos.

kacma, vaJkacma rogor SeiZleba biZaSvils Sexedos rogorc qals? igic xom daa! rogor SeiZleba Zmis qvrivze qorwineba?

mokled, kacisaTvis es sarwmunoebani maxinji formebia RmerTTan miaxloebis.

zustad amitom vZuldiT kompleqsianebs. zustad amitom gvanadgurebdnen, gvwyvetdnen ase gaafrTebiT. maT dedebs xom maTi biZebi uwvebodnen, maTi genebi xom daClungebuli iyo sisxlisaRreviT. ugunurebs xom ezizRebaT gonierebi, maxinjebs lamazebi, borotebs keTilni.

Cven tradicionalistebi varT, konservatorebi. TiTqos amitom ar vuRalateT mrwamss da ar miviReT filiokve. TiTqos es mxolod Teologiuri sakiTxia da meti araferi. sinamdvileSi mrwamsis Secvlam evropaSi gamoiwvia reformacia (principSi pirveli reformacia iyo filiokve _ `da Zisaganac~ _ gamomavloba suli wmidisa). reformaciam gamoiwvia kontrreformacia isteria, devna, koconebi, xocva-Jleta.

konservatizmi, tradicionalizmi Cveni sibrZne yofila.

Cveni sijiute gamarTlebuli yofila. zogierTi mkvlevari ambobs, rom Cveni gadarCena, Cvens mier qristianobis SenarCuneba Cveni sijiutis damsaxurebaao. iqneb asecaa. nacionalizmis zogierTi ucxoeli Teoretikosi sijiutes did mniSvnelobas aniWebs, nacionalizmisaTvis damaxasiaTebel stilad miiCnevs. magaliTad, kacma SeiZleba Tqvas, rom var nacionalisti da amitom mters jiutad arafers davuTmob. kaci var da ase minda, morCa da gaTavda. sinamdvileSi aseTi sijiute ar aris mxolod axireba. aseTi sijiute ar aris principuloba principulobisTvis. es aris codna, cnobieri an qveSecneuli. es aris sibrZne, dagrovili Taobebis mier. didi mniSvneloba aqvs gardacvlili Taobebis gamocdilebas, maT magaliTs, ase vTqvaT, maT karnaxs. saqarTveloSi, albaT, ver movnaxavT kacs, romelic mamis magaliTiT ar cxovrobdes (an babuis), Tundac is mama didi xnis gardacvlili iyos. saqarTveloSi yvela eTaTbireba xolme gardacvlil mamas. TaTbiri am SemTxvevaSi ar niSnavs `kiTxva-pasuxs~, araa laparaki `saubarze~, isedac yvelaferi garkveulia, isedac `mamam aswavla~, `mamam ase gaakeTa~, `babuam uambo~ da a.S. Tqmac araa aucilebeli, xSirad aseTi `saubrebi~ ganpirobebulia TaobaTa gamocdilebiT. me myavda leqtori beJan bardaveliZe. erTxel, gamocdebis moaxloebisas, man ram gangvicxada: `nuravin ifiqrebs, rom SeRavaTs gavuwev. visac ar ecodineba, niSans ar davuwer. me kefaSi vgrZnob Cemi winaprebis mzeras. sul male me movkvdebi da ar minda nawyeni Semxvdnen. minda valmoxdili da pirnaTeli Sevxvdeo maT~. darwmunebuli var, pirnaTelia igi zeciur saqarTveloSi.

frangma eTnofsiqologma lebonma aseTi ram Tqva: `nacia aris maradiuli arseba, romelic ar eqvemdebareba drois msvelobas, igi Sedgeba ara marto mocemul etapze mcxovrebi individebisagan, aramed mTeli wyeba gardacvlilTagan, romelnic iyvnen maTi winaprebi.

winaprebi marTaven mTel ganusazRvrel mxares qvecnobierebisas, romelsac eqvemdebareba gonebisa da xasiaTis yvela gamovlineba.

eris beds cocxlebze metad gankargaven gardacvlili Taobebi.

gardacvlilTa Taobebi ara marto gadmogvcemen eris fizikur aRnagobas, aramed azrebsac da ideebsac.

micvalebulni, udavod, erTaderTi ganmgeblebi aris cocxalTa~.

fransua lebonis sityvebs me davamatebdi momaval Taobebsac, jer dasabadebel Taobebs, romelTa bednierebisaTvis gvinda, rom isini Cven gvgavdnen, anu Cveni winaprebis gamocdilebiTa da sibrZniT cxovrobdnen da ara biZaSvilebis armcodne dacemulebis maxinji sarwmunoebiT da fsiqologiiT.

sxvaTa Soris, nacionalizmi aris rogorc sulieri ukvdavebis saSualeba, aseve erTgvarad fizikurisac. sasiamovnoa Segneba imisa, rom Cveni SvilTaSvilebi da maTi Svilebi iseTive lamazebi iqnebian, rogorc lamazebi yofilan da arian qarTvelebi. Cveni msgavsebi iqnebian. Rirs amisTvis brZola.

diax, gardacvlili Taobebis Tavdadeba qristianobisaTvis ar yofila mxolod sijiute an vaJkacoba. igi ganpirobebuli iyo gardacvlili Taobebis mier dagrovili sibrZniT.

dRes, marTalia, qarTvelebis erTi nawili aris mahmadiani, maTi ricxvi sakmaod didia, magram unda iTqvas, es ar aris gamousworebeli tragedia. ramdenime saukunis manZilze maTze ganxorcielebulma religiurma devnam Tavisi gaitana: saingiloSi, tao-klarjeTSi, qaldia-trapizonSi, fereidanSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi musulmandebodnen, Tumca mTavari safuZvlebi, romelTa gamoc marTlmadidebloba yvelaze misaRebi aRmoCnda CvenTvis Tavis droze, maT, gamahmadianebul qarTvelebs SenarCunebuli aqvT: dedis Tayvaniscema, qalis pativiscema, biZaSvil-naTesaoba, ena (did nawils, kargad), mamulis monatreba, sibrZne. es kargad gamoCnda sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis vizitebisas iranSi da TurqeTis saxelmwifoSi. perspeqtivaSi isini gacilebiT kargi qristianebi iqnebian, vidre varT dRevandeli qristiani qarTvelebi. dro yvelafris mkurnalia, sibrZne da codna yvelafers Tavis adgils miuCens.

es sakiTxi Zalian faqiz midgomas saWiroebs. amitom am problemas didi xania mivuZRveniT werili `aRmsarebloba da qarTuli nacionalizmi/erTobis formula~, sadac vwerT, rom dReisaTvis marTlmadideblur saqarTveloSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa da musliman, sxva saxelmwifoebSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa erTobisaTvis ar arsebobs barieri. zemoTaRniSnul werilSi vecadeT Camogveyalibebina qarTvelTa erTobis formula, romelic misaRebi iqneba yvela patiosani qarTvelisaTvis, miuxedavad aRmsareblobisa da romlis meSveobiTac Cven SevZlebT didi da diadi saqarTvelos aRdgenas:

istoriulad qarTul teritoriebze dRes da momavalSi qarTvelTa erToba da saxelmwifoebrioba unda daefuZnos warmoSobis (genis), msoflmimarTebis, kulturis erTianobisa da saerTo bedisweris, saerTo momavlis Segnebas.

Cveni mizania, arc erTi qarTveli ar daekargos saqarTvelos. Cveni poziciis marTebulobas isev didi ilias sityvebiT ganvamtkicebT: `ar gvaSinebs meTqi Cven is garemoeba, rom Cven Zmebs, osmalos saqarTveloSi mcxovrebT, dRes mahmadianis sarwmunoeba uWiravT, oRond movides kvlav is bednieri dRe, rom Cven erTmaneTs kidev SevuerTdeT, erTmaneTi viZmoT da qarTveli, Cvenda sasiqadulod kvlav daumtkicebs qveyanasa, rom igi ar erCis adamianis sinidiss, da didi xnis ganSorebuls Zmas Zmuradve SeiTvisebs, Tvis patiosans da lmobiers gulzed Zmas Zmuradve miiyrdens TvalSi sixarulis creml-moreuli qarTveli. da Tu amisaTvis saWiroa, rom sixarulis cremlis uwinares jer Cveni sisxli daiRvaros, nuTu qarTveli ukudrkeba da Tavs ar Seswiravs mas, risTvisac ori aTasi weliwadi Tavi uwiravT CvenTa didebulTa mama-papaTa~ (`osmalos saqarTvelo~, Txzulebani, t. IV).

didi ilias zemoTaRniSnuli formula `mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba~ dResac ukvdav postulatebad rCeba. es formula gamoxatavs nacionalizmis vertikalur mimarTulebas. formula, rogorc vTqviT, dawyebulia miwidan mamuli, miemarTeba enis meSveobiT da sarwmunoebis saxiT RvTisken.

saerTod cnobilia, rom didi nacionalistebi samyarosadmi vertikalur mdgomareobaSi imyofebian. isini amaRlebulni arian amqveyniur amaoebaze: `me ca mniSnavs da eri mzrdis, miwieri zeciersa, RmerTan misTvis vlaparakob, rom warvuZRve wina ersa~. isini samyaros vertikalurad ganicdian, Tumca kargad ician, rom maT zeviT aris bevri ram: ufro kargi adamianebi, marTlebi, wmidanebi, angelozebi da bolos RmerTi. didi nacionalistebi sakuTar Tavs ganixilaven ierarqiaSi, magram sulac ar wydebian miwasac, horizontsac da surT vertikalurad maTze zemoT mdgomebis meSveobiT, paradigmebiT gaaumjobeson maTze qvemoT myofTa Segneba da cxovreba, miwieri cxovreba, da ara marto miwieri. saerTod, TiTqmis yvelaferi SeiZleba moviazroT vertikalur da horizontalur sqemaSi. rogorc vTqviT, wmida ilia marTlis postulatebi vertikaluri mimarTulebisaa. igi qvemodan zemoT mziralia. zemodan Tu warmovidgenT, ufali sarwmunoebis meSveobiT, vertikalis meSveobiT, zemodan qvemoT wamosuli codnis meSveobiT gasageb enaze, Cvens SemTxvevaSi, qarTul enaze, gvaZlevs komunikaciis saSualebas, gzas masTan miaxloebisa. rac ufro marTebulia sarwmunoeba, miT ufro axlosaa oTxmocdaaT gradusTan miwidan atyorcnili vertikalis xazi. miwa-mamuli aris adgili, sadac xdeba amqveyniuri cxovreba-gamocda im xalxisa, romelsac RmerTi esaubreba ama Tu im eniT. romelma xalxmac met-naklebi sisworiT dainaxa RvTisken mimavali gza, rac, rogorc vTqviT, zemoTmimavali xazis vertikalurobis xarisxze, gradusze aisaxeba. mamuli aris samkvidro, sadac cxovrobs xalxi eri. mamuli aris ama Tu im sarwmunoebis (sibrZnis) matarebeli xalxis sacxovrisi. xalxi, eri, Tavis mxriv, iyofa Temebad, gvarebad, gvarebi Tavis mxriv ojaxebad, komlebadaa gaSlili.

Tu centridan, miwieri centridan, mamulidan warmovidgenT horizontalur xazsac gaSlils, miviRebT Semdeg suraTs: mamuli da eri erT wertilSia gadakveTili, mere eri iSleba gvarebad, gvarebi ojaxebad, ojaxebi individebisagan Sedgeba.

e.i. miviReT aseTi suraTi: individi rom srulyofilad daukavSirdes amqveyniur mTavar wertils (eri-mamuli), saidanac yvelaze srulyofilad daukavSirdeba uzenaess, mas unda hqondes srulyofili komunikacia damyarebuli ojaxTan, ojaxis meSveobiT gvarTan (es igive Temia, es igive mrevlia) da gvaris meSveobiT igi ukavSirdeba ers (es igive eklesia) da mamuls (es igive saxelmwifoa). am horizontaluri samebisa da vertikaluri samebis meSveobiT individi ukavSirdeba RmerTs. nebismieri wertilis, rgolis gamotoveba, nebismieri wertilis ararseboba an jerovani daufasebloba jebirebs uqmnis individis ganviTarebas, mis samsaxurs uflisadmi. yoveli wertili, yoveli rgoli usaTuo aucilebloba, gardauvalobaa, bunebrivi gadajaWvulobaa. magaliTad, Tu kacs ar hyavs col-Svili, erTgvarad igi srulyofilad ver dgas qveynis samsaxurSi. raRacas (Svilebs) mainc aklebs Tavis qveyanas da saboloo jamSi, RmerTs. laparakia eriskacebze da ara ber-monazvnebze, romlebic Tavisi locvebiTa da moRvaweobiT zrunaven ojaxebis simtkiceze, gvarebis siZliereze, eris erTianobaze, mamulis dacvaze, enis Seuryvnelobaze da rwmenis ganmtkicebaze.

mTavar sayrdeni wertilebis eri-mamulis simfoniuri marTva- gamgeobisaTvis RvTis mier dadgenili aris ori xelisufleba, saero da sasuliero xelisufleba, mefisa da patriarqisa.

maSasadame, individisaTvis, romelic qarTulad iTargmneba, rogorc calarsi (anu arsi, magram cali, e.i. ara sruli arsi). RvTis saukeTeso samsaxuria ojaxis, gvaris, eris, mamulis, enis, sarwmunoebis samsaxuri.

sxvaTa Soris, Cveni naTqvamis simarTlis dasamtkiceblad gavixsenoT testebi. adamiani, romelic SemTxveviT gaicnobs mogvares (an dedis mogvares, an bebiis) da sixaruliT ar aevseba guli, SegviZlia CavTvaloT, mTlad kargi qarTveli ar aris da mTlad kargi qristiani. aseve, adamiani, romelsac ar adardebs mamulis bedi, verasodes iqneba erTguli qmari an namdvili mama.

maSasadame, mamulis, enis, sarwmunoebis SesanarCuneblad saWiroa SevinarCunoT eri, gvari, ojaxi. xolo ojaxis, gvaris da eris SesanarCuneblad saWiroa SevinarCunoT mamuli, ena, sarwmunoeba.