中英對照佛學名辭 | ||
佛教名稱 Buddhist Terms 出家 Renunciation 剃度 Ordination/ Ordain 涅槃 Nirvana 業 Karma 菩提心 Boddhicitta 二諦 Two Truths 勝義諦 Ultimate Truth 世俗諦 Conventional Truth 輪迴 Samsara 手印 Mudra 咒 Mantra/長咒 Dharani/明 Vidya 儀軌 Sadhana 金剛 Vajra 壇城 Mandala 牧牛 Oxherding 尋 Investigate 伺 Analysis 念誦儀規 Liturgy 空性 Sunyata 如來藏 Tathagata-garbha 法界 Dhamma-dhatu 菩薩 Buddhisattvas 觀世音 Avalokiteshvara 文殊師利 Manjushri 菩賢 Samantabhadra/Visvabhadra 地藏 Ksitigarbharaja 大勢至 Mahasthamaprapta 維摩詰 Vimalakirti 藥王菩薩 Medicine King 人物 People 悉達多 喬達摩 Siddhartha Gautama 佛   Buddha 如來 Tathagata 菩薩 Boddhisattva 緣覺,辟支佛 Pratyeakabuddha 聲聞 Sravakayana 阿羅漢 Arhat 阿那含 Anagami(never-returner) 斯陀含 Sakrd-agamin (once-returner) 須陀含 Srota-apanna (stream-enterer) 比丘 Bhikhu/比丘尼 Bhikhuni 沙彌 Sramanera/ 沙彌尼 Sramanerika 優婆塞 Upasaka/優婆尼 Upasika 宗派 Schools (yana) 禪   Ch'an/ Zen 淨土 Pureland 天台 Tien Tai (terrace) 大乘 Mahayana 小乘 Hinayana 長老派 Theravada   金剛乘 Vajrayana 內觀 Insight Meditation/ Vipassana 唯識 Consciousness Only/ Vijnaptimatratasiddhi 中觀 Madhyamika 三藏 Tripitaka 經藏 Sutra-pitaka 律藏 Vinaya-pitaka 論藏 Abhidharma-pitaka (Shastra) 三寶  Three Jewels (Triratna/Ratna-traya) 佛 Buddha /法 Dharma/僧 Sangha 上師 Guru 三法印 Three Dharma Seals 諸行無常 Impermanence 諸法無我 Nonselfness 涅槃寂靜 Nirvana 三苦 Three Sufferings (Dukkha) 苦苦 Suffering of Pain 壞苦 Suffering of Change 行苦 Pervasive Suffering 無常 Impermanence 三身 Three Bodies (Trikaya) 法身 Dharma Body/ Truth Body 報身 Complete Enjoyment Body 化身 Emanation Body 三毒 Three Posions 貪 Greed/嗔 hatred/癡 delusion |
經 Sutras 金剛經 Diamond Sutra 妙法蓮華經 Lotus Sutra 華嚴經 Avatamsaka Sutra 阿含經 Agama 長阿含 Dirgha-Agama 中阿含 Madhyama-Agama 雜阿含 Samyukta-Agama 增一阿含 Ekottara-Agama 法句經 Dhammapada 維摩詰經 Vimalakirti Sutra 大乘涅槃經 Mahaparinirvana Sutra 大般若經 Mahaprajnaparamita Sutra 圓覺經 Sutra of Perfect (Complete) Enligntenment 阿彌陀經 Amitabha Sutra 觀無量壽經 Sutra of Meditation on Amitabha Buddha 楞伽經 Lankavatara Sutra 那先比丘經 Milindapanha Sutra 論 Shastra 大乘起信論 Awakening Faith of Mahayana 大智度論 Mahaprajnaparamita Upadesha 十二門論 Dvadashamukha Shastra 中論 Madhyamaka Shastra 成實論 Satyasiddhi Shastra 四念處 Four Foundations of Mindfulness 身   Body 受   Feeling 心   Mind 法   Dharma 四智 Four Wisdoms 大圓鏡智 Mirror-Like Wisdom 平等性智 Wisdom of Equality 秒觀察智 Wisdom of Discrimination 成所作智 Wisdom of Accomplishment 四勝諦 Four Noble Truths 苦 Suffering (Dukkha) 集 origin of suffering 滅 cessation 道 path 四無量心 Four Immeasurable Thought 慈 Metta/ Loving Kindness 悲 Compassion 喜 Joy 捨 Equanimity 五蘊 Five Aggregates(Skandha) 色 Form/受 Feeling/想 Thinking 行 Mental Formation/ Volition 識 Consciousness 五戒 Five Precepts (Panca Sila) 殺生 killing 偷盜 stealing 邪淫 adultery 妄語 lie 飲酒 intoxicant 六道 Six Realms of Existence 天 Heaven/人 Human Being 阿修羅 Asura (demi-god) 畜牲 Animal/ 餓鬼 Hungry Ghost 地獄 Hell 六根、觸、識、境 Six Root/ Sense/ Consciousness/ Phenomena 眼 Eye /耳 Ear/鼻 Nose 舌 Tongue/身 Body/意 Mind Six Dusts (Gunas) 六塵 sight, sound, scent/smell, taste tangibles/touch, dharma/idea |
六度   Six Paramitas (Perfections) 布施 Dana (giving) 持戒 Sila (precepts) 忍辱 Ksanti (patience) 精進 Virya (perseverance) 禪定 Dhyana (meditation) 智慧 Prajna (wisdom) 六通 Six Abhinnas (Psychic Power) 神境通 reach other realms 天耳通 heavenly ear 他心通 read mind 天眼通 heavenly eye 宿命通 Knowledge of Former existences 漏盡通 eradicate defilements 七佛 Buddhas 毗婆尸佛 Vipashyin 尸棄佛 Shikkin 毗舍婆佛 Vishvabhu 拘樓孫佛 Krakucchanda 拘那含佛 Kanakamuni 迦葉佛 Kashyapa 釋迦牟尼佛 Shakyamuni 燃燈佛 Dipankara 彌勒佛 Maitreya 藥師佛 Bhaisajyaguru 阿彌陀佛 Amitabha 大日如來 Vairocana 法身佛 七覺支 Seven Enlightenment Elements 念 Mindfulness 擇法 Wisdom 精進 Effort 喜 Joy 輕安 Suppleness 定 Concentration 捨 Equanimity 八識 Eight Consciousness 眼 Eye 耳 Ear 鼻 Nose 舌 Tongue 身 Body 意 Mind 末那 Manas (mano) 阿賴耶 Alaya     Amala 八正道   Eightfold Paths 正見 Right View 正思惟 Right Understanding 正語 Right Speech 正業 Right Action 正命 Right Livelihood 正精進 Right Effort 正念 Right Mindfulness 正定 Right Concentration 十大弟子 Ten Disciples 舍利弗 Sariputra (wisdom) 目犍連 Mahamaudgalyayana (superpower) 大迦葉 Mahakashyapa 阿那律 Aniruddha (heaven-eye) 須菩提 Subhuti (expounder of emptiness) 富樓那 Purna (expounder of Dharma) 迦旃延 Katyayana (discussion & exegesis) 優波離 Upali (disciplinary) 羅侯羅 Rahula (son & esoteric activities) 阿難陀 Anada (heard much) 十二緣起 Twelve Dependent Arising 無明 Ignorance 行 Formation 識 Consciousness 名色 Name & Form 六入 Sixfold Base 觸 Contact 受 Feeling 愛 Craving 取 Clinging 有 Existence/Being 生 Birth 老死 Aging & Death |