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Welcome Friend!

This is the  personal page of  Hari Madugula,  Hyderabad, India.

FM radio waves travel by line-of-sight and only carry short distances because of the curvature of the earth. AM radio waves are  transmitted by the earth's surface skin and can travel a little further, but both can only be heard well in the country in which they are transmitted. This makes them subject to political control by that country

Shortwave radio waves, on the other hand, reflect off the upper surface of the atmosphere so they carry over large distances and cross national borders

DXing is the art and science of listening to distant stations (D=distance X=xmitter or transmitter)