Review Questions Nov 27

 

1. A prophage is a(n) _____.

A. emerging virus

B. virus that infects bacteria

C. type of retrovirus

D. prion that has been integrated into a bacterial cell's chromosome

E. viral genetic material that has been incorporated into a bacterial cell's chromosome

 

2. A microbiologist analyzed chemicals obtained from an enveloped RNA virus—similar to a mumps virus—that infects monkeys. He found that the viral envelope contained a protein characteristic of monkey cells. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

A. The virus gets an envelope when it leaves the host cell.

B. The virus forced the monkey cell to make proteins for its envelope.

C. The virus is a prophage.

D. Its presence is a result of the monkey's immunological response.

E. The virus fools its host by mimicking its proteins.

 

3. Which of the following illnesses are caused by virus?  Circle all you can find.

cold                              hemophilia                     herpes              cancer                         

mad cow disease           chicken pox                   diabetes                        mumps                        

cystic fibrosis                warts                            polio                             stroke                          

Down syndrome AIDS                             pneumonia

 

4. Reverse transcription, carried out by retroviruses, is the process by which _____.

A. DNA information is copied into RNA

B. RNA information is copied into DNA

C. RNA information is "read" to form a protein molecule

D. DNA is duplicated

E. information is copied from a protein molecule into RNA

 

5. Operons function in prokaryotes to _____.

A. regulate the catalytic activities of specific proteins

B. regulate the rate of transcription

C. phosphorylate specific polypeptide chains

D. degrade proteins

E. none of the above

 

6. In a prokaryotic gene operon, which of these will bind to the operator?

A. a histone

B. a transcription factor

C. a nucleosome

D. an active repressor

E. a RNA polymerase

 

7. The control of gene expression is more complex in multicellular eukaryotes than in prokaryotes because _____.

A. eukaryotic cells are much smaller

B. in a multicellular eukaryote, different cells are specialized for different functions

C. prokaryotes are restricted to stable environments

D. eukaryotic chromosomes have fewer nucleotides, so each nucleotide sequence must do several jobs

E. the genes of eukaryotes provide information for making proteins

 

8. Your muscle and bone cells are different because _____.

A. they contain different sets of genes

B. they contain different operons

C. different genes are switched on and off in each type of cell

D. they contain different histones