Review
Questions Dec 02
1.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells have greater potential for use in the treatment of
disease than adult stem cells because________?
A. they are
larger and thus easier to work with than other cells.
B. they are
the most highly differentiated of all cell types.
C. they
have potential to differentiate a many more different types of cells.
D. they are
arrested at the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
E. they
retain nutritional reservoirs from mother.
2. Embryonic
stem cells are obtained from __________.
A. early
embryos (blastocyst)
B. fetus
after 20 weeks of pregnancy
C. new born
baby
D. bone
marrow cells in adult
E.
unfertilized egg
3. It is
much easier to clone plants than animals because _________.
A. plants
may be regenerated from a single somatic cell
B. mature
plants retain ability to dedifferentiate
C. most
mature animal cells do not divide
D. plants
can reproduce asexually
E. all of
the above
4. Which one of the following best
describes cancer cells?
A. Proto-oncogenes
control their cell division.
B. They
will divide 20 to 50 times and then stop.
C. They are
more highly differentiated than normal cells.
D. Normal
controls over cell division have been altered.
E.
Tumor-suppressor genes control their cell division.
5. A proto-oncogene may turn into an oncogene when
_________. An oncogene ________.
A. crossing
over occurs ......................................slows down cell division
B. an
activator binds to the oncogene ................ stimulates cell division
C. a
mutation(s) occurs to the proto-oncogene... stimulates cell division
D. an
inhibitor binds to the proto-oncogene........ slows down cell division
E. a
tumor-suppressor gene fails to function....... stimulate cell division
6. The
protein called p53 is a transcription factor which stimulates the expression of
genes that inhibit cell division. When a
mutation in the p53 gene results in the loss of the p53 protein, __________. The p53 gene is an example of __________.
A. cell
division is arrested .............. oncogene
B. cell division
is stimulated............ tumor-suppressor gene
C. cell
division slows down ............ proto-oncogene
D. cell
division is stimulated ..........
proto-oncogene
E. cell
division slows down.............. tumor-suppressor gene
7. Most
human cancers are __________.
A. caused
by the accumulation of mutations
B. caused
by viruses
C. inherited
from one parent, like an autosomal dominant
D. inherited
from both parents, like an autosomal recessive
E. caused
by radiation
8. The leading
cause of cancer in North America is __________.
A. UV
radiation
B. tobacco
C. viruses
D. dietary
fat
E. X-ray
radiation