Unit
thirteen
perfect adj. , v.,
& n.
— adj.
1complete; not deficient.
2faultless (a perfect diamond).
3very satisfactory (a perfect evening).
4exact; precise (a perfect circle).
5entire; unqualified (a perfect stranger).
6Math. (of a number)
equal to the sum of its divisors.
7Gram. (of a tense)
denoting a completed action or event in the past, formed in English with have
or has and the past participle, as in they
have eaten.
8Mus. (of pitch)
absolute.
9Bot. a (of a flower)
having all four types of whorl. b (of a fungus) in the stage where the sexual
spores are formed.
10(often foll. by in)
thoroughly trained or skilled (is perfect in
geometry).
perfect v.tr.
1make perfect; improve.
2carry through; complete.
3complete (a sheet) by
printing the other side.
patient adj. & n.
— adj. having or showing patience.
— n. a person receiving or registered to receive
medical treatment.
patiently adv.
understand v. (past
and past part. -stood)
1tr. perceive the
meaning of (words, a person, a language, etc.) (does
not understand what you say; understood you perfectly; cannot understand French).
2tr. perceive the
significance or explanation or cause of (do not
understand why he came; could not understand what the noise was about; do not
understand the point of his remark).
3tr. be
sympathetically aware of the character or nature of, know how to deal with (quite understand your difficulty; cannot understand him
at all; could never understand algebra).
4tr. a (often foll.
by that + clause) infer esp. from information received, take as implied,
take for granted (I understand that it begins at
noon; I understand him to be a distant relation; am I to understand that you
refuse?). b (absol.) believe or assume from knowledge or
inference (he is coming tomorrow, I understand).
5tr. supply (a word)
mentally (the verb may be either expressed or
understood).
6intr. have
understanding (in general or in particular).
understand each other 1 know
each other's views or feelings. 2 be in agreement or collusion.
understandable adj.
understandably adv.
understander n.
immediately adj.
& conj.
— adv.
1without pause or delay.
2without intermediary.
— conj. as soon as.
learning n.
knowledge acquired by study.
exactly adv.
1accurately, precisely; in
an exact manner (worked it out exactly).
2in exact terms (exactly when did it happen?).
3(said in reply) quite so; I
quite agree.
not exactly colloq. 1
by no means. 2 not precisely.
test 1 n. & v. —
n.
1a critical examination or
trial of a person's or thing's qualities.
2the means of so examining;
a standard for comparison or trial; circumstances suitable for this (success is not a fair test).
3a minor examination, esp.
in school (spelling test).
4colloq. a test
match.
5a ground of admission or
rejection (is excluded by our test).
6Chem. a reagent or a
procedure employed to reveal the presence of another in a compound.
7Brit. a movable
hearth in a reverberating furnace with a cupel used in separating gold or
silver from lead.
— v.tr.
1put to the test; make trial
of (a person or thing or quality).
2try severely; tax a
person's powers of endurance etc.
3Chem. examine by
means of a reagent.
4Brit. refine or
assay (metal).
put to the test cause to
undergo a test.
Test Act hist. 1 an
act in force 1672–1828, requiring all persons before holding office in Britain
to take oaths of supremacy and allegiance or an equivalent test. 2 an act of
1871 relaxing conditions for university degrees.
test bed equipment for
testing aircraft engines before acceptance for general use.
test card a still television
picture transmitted outside normal programme hours and designed for use in
judging the quality and position of the image.
test case Law a case
setting a precedent for other cases involving the same question of law.
test drive a drive taken to
determine the qualities of a motor vehicle with a view to its regular use.
test-drive v.tr.
(past -drove; past part. -driven) drive (a vehicle) for this purpose.
test flight a flight during
which the performance of an aircraft is tested.
test-fly v.tr.
(-flies; past -flew; past part. -flown) fly (an aircraft) for this purpose.
test match a cricket or
Rugby match between teams of certain countries, usu. each of a series in a
tour.
test meal a meal of
specified quantity and composition, eaten to assist tests of gastric secretion.
test out put (a theory etc.)
to a practical test.
test paper 1 a minor
examination paper. 2 Chem. a paper impregnated with a substance changing
colour under known conditions.
test pilot a pilot who
test-flies aircraft.
test-tube a thin glass tube
closed at one end used for chemical tests etc.
test-tube baby colloq.
a baby conceived by in vitro fertilization.
testable adj.
testability n.
testee n.
victorious adj.
1having won a victory;
conquering, triumphant.
2marked by victory (victorious day).
victoriously adv.
victoriousness n.
successful adj.
having success; prosperous.
successfully adv.
successfulness n.
alphabet n.
1the set of letters used in
writing a language (the Russian alphabet).
2a set of symbols or signs
representing letters.
learn v. (past and
past part. learned or learnt)
1tr. gain knowledge of
or skill in by study, experience, or being taught.
2tr. (foll. by to
+ infin.) acquire or develop a particular ability (learn
to swim).
3tr. commit to memory
(will try to learn your names).
4intr. (foll. by of)
be informed about.
5tr. (foll. by that,
how, etc. + clause) become aware of by information or from observation.
6intr. receive
instruction; acquire knowledge or skill.
7tr. archaic
or sl. teach.
learn one's lesson see
lesson.
learnable adj.
learnability n.
university n. (pl.
-ies)
1an educational institution
designed for instruction, examination, or both, of students in many branches of
advanced learning, conferring degrees in various faculties, and often embodying
colleges and similar institutions.
2the members of this
collectively.
3a team, crew, etc.,
representing a university.
at university studying at a
university.
system n.
1a complex whole; a set of
connected things or parts; an organized body of material or immaterial things.
2a set of devices (e.g.
pulleys) functioning together.
3Physiol. a a set of
organs in the body with a common structure or function (the digestive system). b the human or animal
body as a whole.
4a method; considered
principles of procedure or classification. b classification.
5orderliness.
6a a body of theory or
practice relating to or prescribing a particular form of government, religion,
etc. b (prec. by the) the prevailing political or social order, esp.
regarded as oppressive and intransigent.
7a method of choosing one's
procedure in gambling etc.
8Computing a group of
related hardware units or programs or both, esp. when dedicated to a single
application.
9one of seven general types
of crystal structure.
10a major group of
geological strata (the Devonian system).
11Physics a group of
associated bodies moving under mutual gravitation etc.
12Mus. the braced
staves of a score.
get a thing out of one's
system colloq. be rid of a preoccupation or anxiety.
systems analysis the analysis
of a complex process or operation in order to improve its efficiency, esp. by
applying a computer system.
systemless adj.
language n.
1the method of human
communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in an
agreed way.
2the language of a
particular community or country etc. (speaks
several languages).
3a the faculty of speech. b
a style or the faculty of expression; the use of words, etc. (his language was poetic; hasn't the language to express it). c (also bad language)
coarse, crude, or abusive speech (didn't like his language).
4a system of symbols and
rules for writing computer programs or algorithms.
5any method of expression (the language of mime; sign language).
6a professional or
specialized vocabulary.
language laboratory a room
equipped with tape recorders etc. for learning a foreign language.
language of flowers a set of
symbolic meanings attached to different flowers.
speak the same language have
a similar outlook, manner of expression, etc.
Prepared by:
Laith El turman
Fadi Abu ali
Mudafer Abu Haneyah