9.  

a)        What are these pills used for?

           Contraception.

b)         What do these pills contain? 

            1.    Estrogen: ethinyl estradiol.

             2.    Progestogen: 17-hydroxyprogesterone. 

c)         Apart from the obvious benefits of this medication, name four other benefits. 

            1.    Regular cycle.

             2.    Decreased menstrual bleeding.

             3.    Decreased dysmenorrhoea.

             4.    Protects against ovarian cancer.

             5.    Protects against endometrial cancer. 

             6.    Prevents bone loss.

             7.    Alleviates symptoms of endometriosis.

d)         If a woman missed a pill, what would you advise her to do?

            < 12 hrs: take pill immediately and continue as before.

             > 12 hrs: take usual pill, omit other missed pills, use condom x 7 days, start next packet without usual 1 week break.  

e)         Name two contraindications to this preparation.

            1.    Previous history of CVA.

             2.    Smoker.

             3.    More than 35 years old.

             4.    Previous history of breast cancer.

             5.    Hypertension.

             6.    Diabetes mellitus.