Pharmacology of Antimicrobials and Cytotoxic drugs

11.    Methicillin:

a.     has less potent antimicrobial activity against microorganisms.

b.    is poorly absorbed orally.

c.    is resistant to the action of penicillamase.

d.    is readily effective against S.aureus.

12.    Chloramphenicol:

a.     is poorly absorbed orally.

b.     is excreted after glucuronide conjugation.

c.     can cause fatal pancytopenia.

d.     is not effective against anaerobes.

13.    Benzylpenicillin:

a.     when given orally is better absorbed than phenoxy-methyl-penicillin.

b.     hypersensitivity reaction is dose-related.

c.     can be used to treat pseudomonas infection.

d.     is eliminated mainly by the liver.

14.    Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole combination (cotrimoxazole):

a.     has a ratio of 1:10 respectively.

b.     produces sequential inhibition of tetrahydrofolate synthesis.

c.     is well absorbed orally.

d.     can cause skin eruption.

15.    Doxycycline:

a.      is poorly absorbed when given orally.

b.      is excreted mainly by the kidneys.

c.      can cause discoloration of teeth in kids.

d.      has a very short half-life.

16.    Methotrexate:

a.      is a structural analogue of PABA.

b.      reduces cellular level of tetrahydrofolate.

c.      can be given at very high doses if followed by leucovorin.

d.      is used for the treatment of choriocarcinoma.

17.    Resistance in cytotoxic drugs is due to:

a.      metastasis.

b.      increased DNA repair.

c.      marrow recovery.

d.      increased permeability.

18.    Erythromycin:

a.      commonly causes impaired hearing.

b.      may be used as an alternative to treat a minor streptococcus infection.

c.      may cause epigastric discomfort when given orally.

d.      is excreted in the bile and urine.

19.    The following drugs are ototoxic:

a.      polymyxin B.

b.      ethacrynic acid.

c.      streptomycin.

d.      kanamycin.

20.    Moxalactam:

a.      is a synthetic beta-lactam.

b.      has a broad spectrum anti-bacterial action.

c.      enters the CSF in sufficient amounts to be useful in meningitis.

d.      has greater activity against staphylococci compared to cephalothin.

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