Pharmacology of the Cardiovascular and Central Nervous Systems
111. The following drug interactions may occur in patients with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors:
a. T
b. F
c. F: A hypertensive response is more likely.
d. F: A potentiation of the hypoglycaemic response to tolbutamide may occur, as MAO inhibitors inhibit enzymes other than MAO thus slowing the metabolism of tolbutamide.
e. T
112. Tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine:
a. F
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T
113. Methylxanthines:
a. T
b. T
c. T
d. T
e. T
114. The following act as dopamine-receptor agonists:
a. F: metoclopramide selectively blocks dopamine receptors associated with drug-induced nausea and emesis and is used as an anti-emetic.
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. T
115. Blockade of dopamine receptors:
a. T: the dopamine theory of psychosis states that there may be overactivity of certain dopaminergic pathways.
b. T
c. T: dopamine inhibits release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary; uncontrolled release of dopamine following receptor blockade leads to inhibition of release of gonadotrophic hormone-releasing factors which causes infertility.
d. T
e. F
116. Vomiting can be caused by:
a. F: stimulation of dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone causes vomiting.
b. F: metoclopramide blocks dopamine receptors and can prevent vomiting induced by dopamine agonists.
c. T: ipecacuanha and cardiac glycosides cause vomiting by acting both in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and in the gastrointestinal tract.
d. F: 5-HT3 antagonists, for example odansetron, are highly effective antiemetics particularly effective in the treatment of vomiting caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
e. F
117. Dopa decarboxylase:
a. T: it is found in all cells in the body.
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. T
118. When L-dopa is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease it:
a. F
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T
119. The following drugs, by affecting dopaminergic mechanisms, can have the actions indicated:
a. T
b. F: reserpine will induce a Parkinsonian syndrome.
c. T
d. T
e. T: mazindol causes dopamine release and inhibits its re-uptake into neurons.
120. Chlorpromazine:
a. F
b. T
c. T
d. T
e. F: chlorpromazine causes a gain in weight and an increase in appetite.