ECHOVIRUSES

Structure & Property	Transmission	Pathogenesis	Clinical findings	Laboratory diagnosis	Treatment	
Family: picorna

Genome: single-strand RNA, positive polarity.

Size: 20-30nm

Icosahedral nucleocapsid

Nonenveloped

More than 30 serotypes isolated.	Transmitted by fecal-oral route.		Aseptic meningitis (leading cause together with mumps & coxsackieviruses)

Upper respiratory tract infections

Febrile illness with or without rash.

Infantile diarrhea.

Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis	Isolation: 
- feces
- throat swabs

Diagnosis made by isolation of virus in cell culture.

Serologic tests are of little value.	No antiviral therapy or vaccine available.