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Name: 
 

TAKS: Objective 5 Physics


Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
During a time trial for the rodeo, a two-year-old quarter horse starts out of the
gate and accelerates from rest to 16 meters/second in 3.8 seconds. What is
the horse's acceleration?
a.
1.1 m/s2
b.
16 m/s2
c.
4.2 m/s2
d.
61 m/s2
 

 2. 
Bats can make high-pitched sounds that humans cannot hear. Compared to
sounds people make, the bats make sound with
a.
greater wave amplitudes.
c.
greater speeds.
b.
longer wavelengths.
d.
higher frequencies.
 

 3. 
The muzzle energy of a paintball gun stated on the side of the barrel is 0.4 joules. Lab students measure the velocity and mass of the paintball, and determine its kinetic energy to be 0.18 joules after traveling 6.8 meters. What is the efficiency of the paintball after traveling 6.8 meters?
a.
27.2% efficiency
c.
45.0% efficiency
b.
136.2% efficiency
d.
122.4% efficiency
 

 4. 
Three lab students have a box with a weight force of 1.0 Newtons when hanging from a spring scale. The students calculate the amount of work done lifting the 1.0 Newton weight force straight up a distance of 0.10 meter to be 0.098 Newton  meters or Joules. The students find that a force of 0.5 Newtons shows on the spring scale while sliding the object up a lubricated ramp. What is the approximate output of the lubricated ramp system?
a.
Output = 2
b.
Output = 8
c.
Output = 10
d.
Output = 5
 

 5. 
The picture shows the sound waves of a bird chirp. What part of the chirp is
the loudest?
mc005-1.jpg
a.
Part F
b.
Part H
c.
Part J
d.
Part G
 

 6. 
What kind of energy moves large rocks with a bulldozer?
a.
Chemical
b.
Nuclear
c.
Mechanical
d.
Electrical
 

 7. 
A student predicted that the total amount of energy released by burning gasoline in a car would be equal to the energy used by the car plus the energy released as unusable heat. Which of these allows the student to make this accurate prediction?
a.
Heat energy conversion rates
b.
The law of relativity
c.
Energy released by exothermic reactions
d.
The law of conservation of energy
 

 8. 
This compound pulley system is raising a resistance force of 160 Newtons. Without friction, and based on this pulley system, how much force would be required to lift the 160 Newton load?
mc008-1.jpg
a.
32 Newtons
b.
80 Newtons
c.
720 Newtons
d.
40 Newtons
 

 9. 
While training with cyclist Lance Armstrong, Team Discovery pedals for 4.8
hours at an average speed of 24 km/hr. Approximately how far did they travel?
a.
5.0 km
b.
29 km
c.
29 km
d.
150 km
 

 10. 
Science students build a fixed and moveable pulley system as shown.What is the ideal output of this pulley system for lifting a load attached to the moveable portion?
mc010-1.jpg
a.
Output = 5
b.
Output = 2
c.
Output = 3
d.
Output = 6
 

 11. 
The picture shows the amount of energy taken in by plants, plant eaters, and meat eaters in a community. The energy passes to the consumers as chemical energy in food. According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy taken into this community must equal the total amount of energy out of the system. Which of these best explains what is happening to the energy that does not get passed on as food?
mc011-1.jpg
a.
It is replaced by organic waste energy.
b.
It is removed from the community by plants.
c.
It is destroyed by plant and meat eaters.
d.
It is converted into other forms of energy.
 

 12. 
At a picnic, people may "roast" marshmallows over a campfire. The inside of
the marshmallow melts as the temperature rises and the marshmallow
molecules
a.
store potential energy.
c.
combine with oxygen.
b.
have more kinetic energy.
d.
move less and less.
 

 13. 
Identify the action-reaction pair described in the following situation. While
driving a car on a level road, a driver presses on the gas pedal. A motor force
of 15,000 Newtons is transferred from the tires to the road surface. The car
accelerates forward with the force applied by friction between
a.
the tires against the wind.
c.
the tires against gravity.
b.
the tires against the car.
d.
the road against the tires.
 

 14. 
A student at a roller-skating park has a mass of 50 kg including the
skateboard. The student is moving 2 meters/second. What is the momentum
of the student and the skateboard?
a.
100 kg•m/s
b.
50 kg•m/s
c.
25 kg•m/s
d.
52 kg•m/s
 

 15. 
The picture shows a seismogram. In what part of the picture is the frequency of the waves the lowest?
mc015-1.jpg
a.
Part B
b.
Part A
c.
Part C
d.
Part D
 

 16. 
Many large machines are mounted on shock absorbers. The shock absorbers prevent damaging vibrations and are designed to reduce which of these?
a.
Resonance
b.
Rarefaction
c.
Refraction
d.
Reflection
 

 17. 
A snow skier with a mass of 80 kg, including skis and clothing, has started
skiing down a steady slope. If the gravitational acceleration on the skier equals
2.9 m/s2, which of these is correct about the force accelerating the skier as the
skier travels down the slope?
a.
It increases.
c.
It keeps the speed constant.
b.
It decreases.
d.
It remains the same.
 

 18. 
The picture shows the epicenter of an earthquake. The circles show the distance from each seismic station to the epicenter. Scientists use the arrival times of waves to calculate the distance from the epicenter to a station. Using this method, scientists locate the position of an earthquake because waves
mc018-1.jpg
a.
can be transverse waves.
b.
can be refracted when passing through different materials.
c.
travel at the same speed in the same material.
d.
produced by constructive interference produce larger waves.
 

 19. 
The table shows the amount of energy in a pendulum experiment.
mc019-1.jpg
The results of this experiment confirm which of these ideas?
a.
Energy can be destroyed by a moving object.
b.
The total amount of energy in a closed system is constant.
c.
Most energy is created as it is used.
d.
Energy can be stored as chemical energy.
 

 20. 
A simple fixed pulley helps guide the ropes that open and close the heavy 3-meter-high stage curtains used in the school play. When the stage technician
pulls the rope down one meter, the curtains move one meter sideways to the
right. Which of these is the best statement about the output of this pulley
system?
mc020-1.jpg
a.
The output is 3, the technician pulls the rope with more force than the force required to move the curtains.
b.
The output is 4, the technician pulls the rope with less force than the force required to move the curtains.
c.
The output is 1, the technician pulls the rope with the same force as the force required to move the curtains.
d.
The output is 5, the technician pulls the rope with a greater force than the force required to move the curtains.
 

 21. 
When a bat strikes a stationary ball with a mass of .080 kg, it accelerates the
ball at 20 m/s2. How much force does the bat apply against the ball?
a.
3.5 kg•m/s2
b.
1.6 kg•m/s2
c.
2.8 kg•m/s2
d.
0.80 kg•m/s2
 

 22. 
When a vehicle airbag inflates, it protects the driver or passenger. According
to Newton's 3rd law, which of these statements must be true about the inflated
safety airbag to protect the car occupant?
a.
The airbag inflates completely to protect the occupant regardless of the speed of impact.
b.
The force the airbag applies to the occupant during expansion must be equal to the force the occupant applies to the airbag.
c.
The force the airbag applies during expansion will protect the vehicle occupant only when it is inflated to its full pressure.
d.
The airbag protects the vehicle occupant during expansion when it inflates to 1/2 its full pressure.
 

 23. 
What is the force applied to a 0.08 kg T-ball when it is struck by a .75 kg T-ball
bat accelerating at 5m/s2?
a.
4.9 Newtons
b.
3.75 Newtons
c.
3.0 Newtons
d.
3.6 Newtons
 

 24. 
Movies about people living in space often show an explosion in space accompanied by a loud sound. These sounds are impossible in space because sound
a.
amplitudes would destroy the recording instruments.
b.
must travel in a medium.
c.
waves would travel so fast in space they would turn into light.
d.
travels too slowly to be heard across great distances.
 

 25. 
Some astronomers believe that the interior of the moon has probably lost much of its internal heat to allow for convection. This lack of convection prevents which of these on the moon?
a.
Gravity
c.
Day and night
b.
Craters
d.
Plate movement
 

 26. 
Which of these occurs when light passes through a substance, emerging in
only one plane?
a.
Increased speed of light waves
c.
Polarization of light
b.
Constructive interference of light waves
d.
Destruction of light
 

 27. 

mc027-1.jpg
The picture shows how to make an electromagnet. The potential chemical
energy in the battery is transformed into electrical energy when the circuit is
closed. Which occurs when the closed circuit produces electrical energy?
a.
Electrical energy is destroyed by the magnet.
b.
Total energy in the system remains basically the same.
c.
Energy is changed to matter in the battery.
d.
Chemical energy is created in the wire.
 

 28. 
Vents in the ocean floor that release high-temperature water and thick clouds
of dark mineral particles are called "black smokers." The dark mineral particles
make the water near or around a smoker very dense and reflective. Using the
properties of the black smokers, which of these can now be used to find the
vents more easily?
a.
Spectral analysis
c.
Sonar
b.
Fiber optics
d.
Mass spectrometers
 

 29. 
Which of these align in polarized light?
a.
The frequency of the vibrations
c.
The amplitude of the vibrations
b.
The number of vibrations
d.
The plane of the vibrations
 

 30. 
Acoustic materials such as drapes, rugs, and ceiling tiles are used in large
auditoriums. Why are these acoustical materials helpful?
a.
They amplify sounds.
b.
They speed up sound waves.
c.
They reduce the reflection of sounds.
d.
They increase the frequency of sound waves.
 

 31. 
A pulley system with three fixed and three moveable pulleys has six passes of the rope, not counting the last section of the rope going to the worker's hand. The load being lifted has a weight of 2400 Newtons. Think of this machine as an ideal pulley system without friction. When the worker pulls the rope down 0.6 meter, how high will the load be lifted and with how much force does the worker need to pull?
mc031-1.jpg
a.
The load will raise 0.4 meter, and the rope must be pulled with a force of 600 Newtons.
b.
The load will raise 0.6 meter, and the rope must be pulled with a force of 400 Newtons.
c.
The load will raise 0.1 meter, and the rope must be pulled with a force of 1440 Newtons.
d.
The load will raise 0.1 meter, and the rope must be pulled with a force of 400 Newtons.
 

 32. 
A student bought an inexpensive ticket to a concert being held in a large old
auditorium. Other tickets were very expensive. During the concert the student
found out why the ticket was so inexpensive. The seat was in a "dead spot"
where the band could barely be heard. What most likely caused the dead
spot?
a.
Sound waves from the source interfered with each other at the dead spot
b.
The speakers were not strong enough to fill the auditorium with sound waves
c.
Upholstered chairs at the dead spot absorbed sound waves
d.
The ceiling reflected sound waves to the dead spot
 

 33. 
Newton's third law of action and reaction helps scientists analyze forces that
cause motion. When a runner accelerates down a track in a 100-meter race,
the force that pushes the runner forward is the force
mc033-1.jpg
a.
exerted by the friction from the track on the runner's foot.
b.
of the runner's body against the air in front of the runner.
c.
exerted by the runner's foot against the track.
d.
of the air in front of the runner on the runner's body.
 

 34. 
The picture shows four sound waves passing through cool and warm air.
Which wave is totally reflected at the boundary between cool and warm air?
mc034-1.jpg
a.
Wave 3
b.
Wave 1
c.
Wave 4
d.
Wave 2
 

 35. 
The universe is a complex system. Which of these is constant in the universe?
a.
The amount of energy
c.
The size of nebulae
b.
The number of galaxies
d.
The distance between stars
 

 36. 
When a student exerts a force on the handles of a pair of pliers, the force is multiplied inside the jaws of the pliers. If a student exerts a force of 30 Newtons at the end of the 12 cm handles of a pair of pliers, about how much force can the pliers exert on the nut in the 3 cm jaws of the pliers?
mc036-1.jpg
a.
3 times the force
c.
15 times the force
b.
4 times the force
d.
12 times the force
 

 37. 
Some cars get less than 20 miles to a gallon of gasoline. Other cars of the same size get more than 40 miles to a gallon of gasoline. If the cars produce the same amount of energy, what happens to the energy that is not used by the low-performing car?
a.
It is destroyed by the heat of the engine.
b.
It is broken down into subatomic particles.
c.
It is converted into wasted nuclear energy.
d.
It is lost as heat to the atmosphere.
 

 38. 
The diagram shows a model of a transverse wave. What does the distance X
on the diagram represent?
mc038-1.jpg
a.
Wave amplitude
c.
Wave speed
b.
Wave length
d.
Wave frequency
 

 39. 
A rodeo cowboy ropes a steer from his horse while galloping at 8 m/s, and he
brings the horse and steer to a stop in 2.3 seconds. What is the acceleration of
the horse when coming to a stop?
a.
-3.5 m/s2
b.
18.4 m/s2
c.
-10.3 m/s2
d.
2.3 m/s2
 

 40. 
A tennis player's serve appiles a force of 25.0 Newtons to a tennis ball that
has a mass of 0.35 kg. How much will the tennis ball accelerate during the
time the racket is on the ball?
a.
8.75 m/s2
b.
71.4 m/s2
c.
98 m/s2
d.
25.35 m/s2
 

 41. 
The surface sands on a beach or in the desert can become very hot in the daytime and cool rapidly at night. Which process is primarily responsible for both the heating and cooling of these sands?
a.
Radiation
b.
Conduction
c.
Convection
d.
Condensation
 

 42. 
After studying, a student climbs the stairs from the living room to the bedroom,
a height of 3.2 meters. The student weighs 530 Newtons. How much work did
the student do climbing the stairs?
a.
210 Joules
b.
1696 Joules
c.
850 Joules
d.
165.6 Joules
 

 43. 
The table shows some characteristics of four different mineral samples. If they all had the same elasticity, which sample would conduct sound at the fastest speed?
mc043-1.jpg
a.
Chert
b.
Pyrite
c.
Chalcopyrite
d.
Enargite
 

 44. 
The picture shows four different P-waves formed by an earthquake passing
through different densities of the Earth. Which of the waves was refracted as it
passed through the Earth?
mc044-1.jpg
a.
P-wave 4
b.
P-wave 1
c.
P-wave 3
d.
P-wave 2
 

 45. 
The picture shows a bowling ball about to strike some bowling pins. Which of
these best describes the energy transformation that occurs when the pins are
hit by the ball?
mc045-1.jpg
a.
Less heat energy evaporates from the surface of the pins.
b.
Most potential energy in the ball is destroyed.
c.
Less electromagnetic energy is converted to matter in the ball.
d.
Most kinetic energy is transferred to the pins.
 

 46. 
While pulling a nail from his wooden science project exhibit, a student measures that the hammer he is using has a length on 0.30 meters from its pivot head to the grip where he pulls on it. He estimates that he pulls of the hammer grip with a force of 40 Newtons. The student measures a distance of 10 cm from the pivot of the head to the nail fork. What is the student's correct estimate of the output of this hammer when pulling the nail?
mc046-1.jpg
a.
Output = 20
b.
Output = 32
c.
Output = 12
d.
Output = 5
 

 47. 
A baseball has a mass of .09 kg. A pitcher's fastball has a velocity of 40 m/s.
What would be the force, in Newtons, that a fastball exerts on a catcher's mitt
if it stops the ball in 0.125 seconds?
a.
0.45 N
b.
55.6 N
c.
28.8 N
d.
320 N
 



 
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