You can also click here to access our local streetdirectory:
www.streetdirectory.com
www.canfind.com.sg
From www. worldatlas.com
Elements of a Topographical Map
Scales - line scale and RF (represenative fraction)
Grid reference - Easting and Northings
North arrow - directions and bearings
Map symbols
Contours

- lines which join places of the same height above sea level
- help us recognise the relief features on a topographical map
- shows the steepness of slope
closely spaced contour lines shows a steep slope and contour lines which are spaced far apart shows a gentle slope.
- the gradient of the slope can be measured using the following formula:

difference in height  between 2 points
    distance between the 2 points
Height can also be shown using spot heights, trigonometrical stations and bench marks.
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