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Mangosteen (Qua
mang cut)
The Mangosteen is a fruit that is unique to
South-East Asia. The fruit is extremely hard to grow and it often takes
8-15 years for a tree to bear fruits. The rind of the mangosteen is dark
purple marked by a yellowish resin. In terms of size and shape, the
mangosteen is similar to the Japanese persimmon. It is also compared to
a small tomato.
When sliced at the equator, the mangosteen
yields white segments of flesh. These segments taste sweet and sour and
have a slight acid after-taste similar to grapes or strawberries. |
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Rambutan (Qua
chom chom)
The Rambutan, also known unofficially as
Hairy Cherry, has its origin in the tropical low-lands of Malaysia. The
name rambutan came from the Malay word 'rambut' for hair. Today, the
rambutan is grown in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. The fruit is about 5
cm long and has soft fleshy hair from 2 to 3 cm long over the entire
surface. The peel turns from green to yellow to red as the fruit ripens.
Once peeled the fruit yields a flesh that is white and firm. The
rambutans grow in large bunches on trees that are 20 m high. |
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Sapodilla (Qua hong xiem)
Sapodilla is one of several fruits which
were brought to South-East Asia from Central America. During their
occupation of the Philippines, the Spaniard brought this fruit to the
country and eventually it was exported to the rest of region.
When ripe, the fruit is very sweet, and has
a molasses-like taste. The peel is thin and brown and the flesh itself
is light brown. It is best eaten a couple days after it is picked, to
wait for its resin to dry.
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Sweet-sop (Qua
na)
Sweet-sop, sugar-apple, and custard-apple
are names given to this fruit from South America. Like the pomegranate,
the sweet-sop is packed with seeds. The edible pulp is a thin layer
covering the individual seed. The outer layers appear to be rough and
scaly. The fruit is green even when it is ripe.
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Longan (Qua nhan)
In Vietnamese, "long nhan" means
dragon eye. The Longan is a close relative to the litchi. Longans are
grown mostly in the cooler highlands of South-East Asia. It was brought
here by Chinese immigrants as they migrated south and settled in various
areas. The peel is brown and brittle. The meat is translucent white and
is very juicy and sweet. In Vietnam, dried longans are cooked in water
to make a dessert drink called ''Longan juice".
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Star Fruit (Qua khe)
The starfruit is a native fruit of
South-East Asia. The fruit has a distinct taste and is often used in
cooking. When sliced cross-wise, the pieces look like five
distinct-angled stars. Consequently, the fruit is a must in certain
Vietnamese dishes as garnishes. The fruit can be eaten raw or cooked.
Starfruits grow in cluster of three of four.
The sizes vary from 5cm to 17cm. The fruit is green when young, turning
yellow to almost orange and slightly translucent when ripe. Starfruit's
skin is quite tough while the flesh is soft, juicy, sweet and sour
tasting. |
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Papaya (Qua Du du)
The papaya originated in Central America,
and came to the Philippines during the Spanish occupation of this
country. The fruit eventually spread throughout South-East Asia. The
papaya tree bears only either male or female flowers with the female
tree producing the fruits. Consequently, the male tree must be close by
to pollinate the female flowers.
The fruits are large, weighing up to 9 kg
and often look like a large squash. The skin is thin like those of the
watermelon and turns from green to yellow and orange as the fruit
ripens. The flesh of the papaya may be yellow, orange, or reddish orange
and has a consistency of a very ripe (soft) cantaloupe. Papayas are
sweet and are used as dessert.
In Vietnam, a popular dish using green
papaya is "Papaya and Dried beef salad", a salad like dish
with shredded green papaya and shredded beef jerky eaten with a special
hot sauce. |
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Guava ( Qua oi)
The guava originated in the tropical region
of the Americas and reached South-East Asia in the 17th century. Guava
fruits are either round or pear-shaped, with thin dark green skin which
becomes yellowish green as the fruits ripen. The fruits range from small
tomato size to as large as 13 cm in length.
Some Vietnamese like to eat the guava when
it is not completely ripe. The flesh is crunchy much like eating a slice
of apple. Sometime, the guava slice is dipped in a mixture of salt and
grounded red chili pepper. The Mekong Delta's Xa' Li. variety is
probably the most famous in all of Vietnam. |
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Waterapple (Qua roi)
The waterapple is native to the South-East
Asia. The coloring of the fruit varies from pale green to ruby red. The
waterapple is bell-shaped and is about 5 cm in diameter. The center of
the fruit is hollow and is filled with woolly fibers and brown seeds.
The waterapple has a slightly acid flavor and can be very sour.
Vietnamese often use the waterapplase as offerings at the altar because
of their vibrant colors.
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Corossolier
The corossolier is a close relative to the
sweep-sop. In terms of size, the fruit is substantially larger than the
sweet-sop with some fruits weighing as much as 1.5 kg. The peel is
smoother with tiny spikes (more like bumps). These spikes turn black as
the fruit ripens.
The corossolier has less seeds than the
sweetsop and the meat is more firm, almost chewy. In general, the fruit
has a sweet and sour taste. In Vietnam, the corrosolier is blended with
condensed milk and ice to make a delicious fruit drink. During the Tet
season, the corossolier is preserved with sugar to make a candy-like
treat called Jam. |
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Jackfruit
The Jackfruit is a native fruit of Asia. It
has its origin in India, though after many centuries of trade, it
reached South-East Asia where it is considered a delicacy. Jackfruits
come in many shapes and sizes, although generally they are oblong or
pear shaped. They can grow to 90 cm long and can weigh up to 44 kg. The
name Jack is believed to be a Portuguese mispronunciation of a Malay
word meaning round.
Jackfruits have a thick pale green rind with
thousands of sharp hexagonal spines. Once cut open, the interior yields
dozens of individual golden yellow pulps. The meat of the pulp covers a
large brown pit. When ripe, the meat is sweet. The pit can be boiled and
eaten as well. The wood from the jackfruit tree is very strong.
Sometimes, it is used to make furniture and to build houses. In the
north, the wood from the jackfruit tree is carved into statues in
pagodas.
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Banana
(Chuoi)
Although the banana can be found throughout
the tropics, it is a native fruit to South East Asia. Reference to the
banana was first made in the Epics of the Pali Buddhist canon in 500 BC.
Bananas were exported to Africa from Indonesia around 1,500 years ago.
Consequently, reference to this fruit can be found in the Koran as the
Tree of Paradise.
The banana plant has no woody tissue, so it
is not considered a tree at all, but a giant herb. The banana plant can
grow to height of 4 to 8 m, depending on the variety. Today, Vietnam
boasts 28 different varieties of banana from plantains (used in cooking)
to the dwarf banana (finger size).
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