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Welcome To Cancer Center

 
What is Cancer?

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth and form a tumor. The cancer is very serious if the tumor begins to spread throughout the body. When a tumor successfully spreads to other parts of the body and grows, invading and destroying other healthy tissues, the result is a serious condition that is very difficult to treat.

Not all tumors are cancerous, there are two classification of tumors :

1.    Benign tumors: generally cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, some could be precancerous and may progress to cancer if untreated.

2.    Malignant tumors: cancerous and if not treated early, may spread and affect other parts of the body, becoming invasive cancer.

What causes cancer?

There are no definite answers on what causes most cancers. Lifestyle habits and recreation or substances in our environment affecting the body are commonly identified as highly possible risk factors. Other identified high risk factors for cancer include smoking, diet, chemicals and asbestos. Cancer is not contagious; you will not catch it by coming into contact with someone who has it.

Cancer in Malaysia

The top 4 cancers affecting both male and female in Malaysia are:
1. Colorectal (bowel)
2. Breast
3. Lung
4. Cervical
 

Colorectal (bowel) Cancer

Colorectal  is cancer of the large intestine (colon), the lower part of your digestive system. Colorectal cancer also known as colon cancer or large bowel cancer. Most colorectal cancers develop first as colorectal polyps, which are growths inside the colon or rectum that may later become cancerous. Colorectal cancer affects both men and women , and is most often found in people aged 50 years or older.

 Some factors that increase a person's risk of colorectal cancer such as:

  • Certain family syndromes

  • having polyps (small growths on the inner wall of the colon and rectum)

  • Being overweight or known as obesity

  • Smoking

Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that develops from breast cells. Breast cancer usually begins in the cell of the lobules, which are the inner lining of the milk ducts that supply them with milk. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that can then invade surrounding tissues or spread to other areas of the body. The majority of breast cancer occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it too.

Many risk factors can increase your chance of developing breast cancer such as:

  • Family history of breast cancer

  • Genetic mutations

  • Radiation exposure

  • Alcohol consumption

  • Getting older

Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that start off in in one or both of the lungs. The abnormal cells do not develop into healthy lung tissue, they divide rapidly and form tumor. Lung cancer occurs when a tumor forms in the tissue of the lung.

There are two major types of lung cancer:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer is more common than small cell lung cancer.
  • Small cell lung cancer grows more quickly and is more likely to spread to other organs in the body

Some factors increase lung cancer risk :

  • Tobacco smoke

  • Exposure to radon gas

  • Occupational exposure to certain chemicals (arsenic, asbestos, beryllium, cadmium, coal )

  • Past cancer treatment

  • Air pollution

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer forms in the tissues of the cervix, which is the muscular opening of the uterus into the vagina. Cervical cancer occurs most commonly in women over the age of 30. Cervical cancer can often be successfully treated when it's found early by taking Pap tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope).

Cervical cancer risk factors include :

  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

  • Sexually history

  • Birth control pills

  • Giving birth to many children

  • Weakened immune system

 

 

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