A race of Easterlings under the sway of Dol Guldur,who lived in the lands east of the forest of Mirkwood. In the later Third Age,they attempted an invasion of Gondor but were repulsed by Cirion and Eorl.
Beornings :
The descendants of Beorn,who dwelt in the Vales of Anduin between Mirkwood and the Great River and who for many generations retained their ancestor's ability to take the shape of a bear.
Black N�men�reans :
A people of N�men�rean origin,who returned to Middle-earth in the Second Age to follow Sauron.They survived to the end of the Third Age,during which they were often at war with Gondor.
Bree-folk :
The Men and Hobbits who inhabited the village of Bree and its surrounding lands.
Bree-landers :
In the Bree-land,Men and Hobbits lived peaceably side by side.These two races,identified individually as the Bree-hobbits and the Bree-men(or less formally as the Big Folk and the Little Folk)were collectively described as the Bree-landers.They lived in four communities scattered around the Bree-hill:Bree itself, Staddle,Combe and Archet.They were a generally friendly folk,at least until the upheavals brought about by the War of the Ring.They had some dealings with the Shire-hobbits,though the road between Bree and their ancient 'colony' of the Shire was less travelled in the late Third Age than it had once been.The Bree-landers maintained their own dialect and customs,including their own unique calendar.
Corsairs of Umbar :
The people of Umbar during the later Third Age,largely descended from Castamir the Usurper and his followers,who,though they were Gondorian in origin,continued a long enmity against the land of their ancestors.
Dr�edain of Beleriand :
Those Dr�edain who lived and fought as allies of the Edain in Beleriand during the First Age.Like the Edain,those who survived the War of Wrath at the end of the Age removed to N�menor.
D�nedain of the North :
The remnant of the Exiles of N�menor in the northern lands of Middle-earth.They raised mighty realms and lost them during the Third Age and for the millennium before the War of the Ring,they were a wandering people.Their leader,who took the title 'Chieftain',was the descendant of the ancient King, Isildur.
D�nedain of the South :
The descendants of the Exiles of N�menor who settled in the southern lands of Middle-earth and founded the South-kingdom of Gondor.Their first independent King was Meneldil,the nephew of Isildur,whose line ruled over Gondor for more than two thousand years.Unlike their cousins in the North,the D�nedain of the South maintained their realm even after the loss of its Kings and it survived under the rule of the Stewards until the time of the War of the Ring,when the Kingship was restored.
Dunlendings :
Wild Men who inhabited Dunland in the southern regions of Eriador during the Third Age;the sworn enemies of the Rohirrim.
Eorlingas :
A name taken by the Rohirrim in their own tongue,signifying the followers and kin of Eorl the Young.
�oth�od :
A nation of Northmen brought by their chieftain Frumgar on the northern reaches of the River Anduin. The Men of the �oth�od were the ancestors of the Rohirrim;in the time of Eorl the Young,they rode south to the aid of Gondor and were granted the land of Rohan as reward.
Exiles of N�menor :
Name given to Elendil,his sons and his followers,after they escaped to Middle-earth from the destruction of N�menor.
Folk of Haleth :
A name given to the Haladin,the Second House of the Edain,after Haleth the daughter of Haldad led them to dwell in the Forest of Brethil.
Forodwaith :
An icy region in the far north of Middle-earth,named for the hardy people who dwelt there.
The people of Gondor,the South-kingdom of the D�nedain,whose rulers were descended from the N�men�rean exiles who fled to Middle-earth with Elendil in the late Second Age.
Haladin :
The second of the three peoples of the Edain to cross the Blue Mountains and enter Beleriand;they dwelt for a while in the southern part of Thargelion but were led by Haleth into the west and founded homes in the Forest of Brethil.
Halethrim :
The rarely seen Elvish rendering of 'Folk of Haleth',a name referring to those Men of the Haladin who followed the Lady Haleth westward across Beleriand.Their main dwelling-place was on Amon Obel in the midst of the Forest of Brethil.
Haradrim :
The proud and warlike people of the Harad,in the south of Middle-earth.The ancient enemies of Gondor, they allied with Sauron during the War of the Ring.
Hill-men :
A race of Men historically descended from the mountain tribes of the White Mountains,who spread northward across Middle-earth during the Second Age.The Dead who marched with Aragorn were of this stock,as were the Dunlendings and the Men of Bree.
Horsebreeders :
A name for the Rohirrim among Orcs,or at least those in the service of Saruman.Ugl�k used the term in scorn as he travelled across Rohan but it was nonetheless quite true.
Horse-lords :
A name for the people of Rohan and in fact a direct translation of the Elvish term Rohirrim.These people were given the name after they settled in the land that had formerly been known as Calenardhon,the green valley of the River Entwash between the Misty Mountains and the White.Bringing skills and knowledge from their old home in the far north,they became renowned for the breeding and riding of horses and so they became known as the Rohirrim,the Horse-lords of Rohan.
Lake-men :
The people of Lake-town on the Long Lake,to the south of Erebor.A trading people,they dealt with Erebor and Dale in the times before Smaug's coming and with the Wood-elves of Mirkwood.
Men of Bree :
In the hard years of the Second Age,a race of Men inhabited the White Mountains far to the south of the Shire,in the land that would one day become Rohan.Groups of these mountaineers began to migrate northwards.Some settled in the region that became Dunland but others travelled farther still and coming to a tall wooded hill not far from the ancient Barrow-downs,they founded a settlement that took its name from the hill,Bree.In appearance,these Men had brown hair and in stature were short and broad.They seem to have maintained a curious tradition of taking their names from plants and herbs and many of these surnames are recorded;Appledore,Ferny,Goatleaf,Heathertoes,Rushlight and Thistlewool. Butterbur was another of these plant-names,an important one in Bree,for it was the ancestral name of the keepers of the Prancing Pony inn.Though Bree seems to have been founded before the beginning of the Third Age,it lay on the road between the North- and South-kingdoms of the D�nedain and so was drawn into the history of that Age.When the North-kingdom of Arnor was founded,Bree lay within its borders and the Men of Bree became subjects of that country.More than a thousand years later,in about III 1300,members of a strange and little-known race began to appear in the township.Man-like in appearance but much smaller,these were Hobbits fleeing the encroaching darkness to the east.Many of them stayed among the Men and a unique society arose where the Big People and the Little People lived beside one another in harmony.
Men of Brethil :
The Folk of Haleth who dwelt in the Forest of Brethil on the western borders of Doriath.
Men of Dale :
The Men who dwelt in Dale,a township at the feet of the Lonely Mountain.After Dale was destroyed by Smaug,their descendants dwelt on the Long Lake,until the town was refounded by Bard.
Men of Dor-l�min :
Men of the House of Hador,to whom the land of Dor-l�min was granted as a hereditary fief by the Kings of the Noldor.
Men of Dorthonion :
Those Men of the House of B�or who dwelt in the pinelands of Dorthonion and aided in their defence against Morgoth until the disaster of the Dagor Bragollach.
The Men who dwelt in Gondor and defended the western World from Sauron,in part descended from Elendil and his followers,who founded Gondor after the Downfall of N�menor.
Men of Harad :
The doughty,dark-skinned Men of the southern regions of Middle-earth.Historical allies of Mordor,they were more properly known as the Haradrim.
Men of Minas Tirith :
The population of Minas Tirith,the seat of the later Kings and Stewards of Gondor and for much of the Third Age,the greatest city in the known regions of Middle-earth.The Men of Minas Tirith were descended in part from the N�men�reans of old and they retained some of the vigour and long life of that people,especially in their royal line.
Men of Rohan :
The Rohirrim;the Men of the �oth�od who came south to settle the Gondorian region of Calenardhon (renamed Rohan after their arrival) in the later part of the Third Age.
Men of �oth�od :
A nation of Northmen ruled by the descendants of Frumgar in the north of Middle-earth.Their last lord Eorl the Young led them south to the land of Calenardhon,renamed Rohan,where they became known as the Rohirrim.
Men of the Mark :
A name for the Rohirrim,the descendants of the Men of the �oth�od who came south with Eorl and founded the Mark in the old Gondorian land of Calenardhon.
Men of the North :
A name given to the Men of the House of Hador and their followers,who ruled and defended the lands north and west of the Mountains of Shadow in alliance with the Elves.After the defeat of the Eldar and the Edain in the Nirnaeth Arnoediad,the Men of the North were dispossessed of their lands but many survived under the cruel lordship of the Easterlings put in their place by Morgoth.
Men of the Vales of Anduin :
Those Men,in part descended from the Northmen,who dwelt in the great valley of the River Anduin between the Misty Mountains and Mirkwood.
Northern D�nedain :
The Two Kingdoms founded by Elendil and his sons were originally intended to form two parts of a greater nation of the D�nedain,ruled by a High King at Ann�minas.This was not to be.The loss of Elendil's son Isildur in the Disaster of the Gladden Fields led to a chain of events that separated Arnor in the north from Gondor in the south and the two kingdoms continued to follow different paths through history.Arnor,the North-kingdom of the D�nedain,was ruled by the direct descendants of Isildur, beginning with Valandil,his youngest son.Though the bloodline of the Northern D�nedain came directly from the old High King,theirs was a troubled realm.Internal strife and war with Angmar saw Arnor become fractured and eventually destroyed,leaving the D�nedain of the North a dwindled and wandering people.Nonetheless,the line of Isildur was maintained through the Chieftains of this people.Aragorn II was Isildur's Heir through thirty-nine generations and it was he who reunited the Kingdoms of the D�nedain after three thousand years of separation.
N�menor Exiles :
Name given to Elendil,his sons and his followers,after they escaped to Middle-earth from the destruction of N�menor.
People of Haleth :
The second of the Three Houses of the Edain originally dwelt east of the River Gelion,in the lands of Caranthir son of F�anor.After suffering dreadfully at the hands of Orcs,they lost their lord Haldad and his daughter Haleth resolved to find her people a land to call their own.She led them westward and eventually they settled in the Forest of Brethil,with the leave of King Thingol in Menegroth.The main dwelling of the People of Haleth was a fenced compound known as Ephel Brandir,on the hill of Amon Obel in the middle of the forest.According to some tales,there were Dr�edain in the woods of Brethil too, with whom Haladin held a bond of friendship against the Orcs that raided their lands from the north.
Riders of Rohan :
Common name for the Rohirrim,the horsemen from the north who dwelt in the land of Rohan after its foundation by Eorl the Young.
Riders of the Mark :
Another name for the Rohirrim or Riders of Rohan and probably closer to their own,unrecorded,name for themselves.
The people of Rohan.Originally descended from the �oth�od of the North.When Eorl was granted the land of Rohan,his people became known as the Rohirrim,from the Elvish for 'People of the Horse-lords'.
Southrons :
The Men of Harad,the ancient enemies of Gondor from the lands to the south.
Variags :
A little-known people dwelling in the land of Khand,east of Mordor,at the time of the War of the Ring. They were allied to Sauron and their warriors were seen at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields.
Wainriders :
A confederation of Easterlings that descended upon Gondor and its allies,some two centuries after the time of the Great Plague and remained a dire threat to the South-kingdom for nearly a hundred years. The Wainriders,who took their name from the wagons and chariots in which they rode to war,quickly overran Rhovanion and soon came to battle with Gondor itself.Narmacil II was lost in battle and for a time all of Gondor's possessions east of Anduin were lost to it.Narmacil's son Calimehtar won a temporary reprieve when he defeated the Wainriders on the plain of Dagorlad.After that defeat,the Wainriders planned a crushing revenge.Allying themselves with the Men of Harad and Khand,they orchestrated a simultaneous assault on Gondor from the north and the south and the South-kingdom came close to destruction.King Ondoher was lost in the northern battles but his general E�rnil defeated the southern invaders.The victorious Wainrider army in the north,celebrating their victory over Ondoher suddenly found themselves set upon by E�rnil.In an encounter that became known as the Battle of the Camp,the Wainriders were put to rout and those that survived fled back to their eastern domains.It was later seen that the invasions of the Wainriders,as so many of Gondor's perils,were engineered by the emissaries of Sauron.While Gondor's control of the lands east of the Anduin had been lost,the borders of Mordor had been open and during this time the Nazg�l had taken advantage of Gondor's plight to re-enter the land of their master.
Whiteskins :
A name among Orcs for the Riders of Rohan,whose far northern origins would have given them a much paler skin colour than the Men who lived around them.
Woodmen :
Those Men who dwelt in the forests of Middle-earth and especially Brethil in the First Age and Mirkwood in the Third.
