Bibliography

Nkhoma Synod Sources (can be found in the museum or the library of Nkhoma Synod, Nkhoma, Malawi.  For access to them, one should contact the General Secretary, the Nkhoma Synod librarian, or the Principal of NIFCOTT ).

1.  Nkhoma Synod Sources
CCAP General Assembly Ten-Year Policy and Strategic Plan 2000 � 2010.
Constitution of the General Assembly of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian 2002.
Deed of Agreement 1971 Between the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa and the Nkhoma Synod of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian in Malawi.
Deed of Partnership 1992 Between the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa and the Nkhoma Synod of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian.
Kuunika.  Newsletter of the Nkhoma Synod, published bi-lingually, in English and Chichewa.
Minutes of CCAP General Synod (Assembly) for the years 1926, 1977, 1990, and 2000.
Minutes of Nkhoma Synod meetings, from 1962 to 2003, 1962 to 1983 translated into English.  Minutes beyond 1983 await translation.
Notule van �n Vergadering van die Spoedeisende Kommissie van die A.S.K. Minutes of the Dutch Reformed Church missions committee in Cape Town.
Nuusbrief Uit Malawi. Newsletters from the Dutch Reformed church Mission in Malawi, from 1964.
Nyimbo Za Mulungu (Hymns for Malawi) 1975 ed. Blantyre: Christian Literature Association In Malawi.
Partnership Agreement 2003 between the Nkhoma Synod of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian and the Commission for Witness in South Africa.

2.  Unpublished Sources
Brown, WL [LW] 1996.  �Response to Chewa culture:  A comparison between the Baptists and other denominations�.  Paper presented as part of a PhD module, University of Malawi.
Brown, WL 1994.  �The church history of Lilongwe�, Paper presented at a colloquium of the department of Theology and Religious Studies, the University of Malawi. 
Brown, WL 1995.  �A study of African instituted churches in Lilongwe, Malawi.�  Paper presented at a colloquium of the department of Theology and Religious Studies, the University of Malawi. 

3.  Personal Interviews with Researcher
Banda, G 2004.  Personal interview with officer of local Woman�s Guild chapter and is the widow of Dr. Fletcher Banda, at one time the headmaster of Kamuzu Academy.
Chakwera, L  1999.  Personal interview with Assemblies of God General. Superintendent
Chienda, YA 2004.  Personal interview with, Current General Secretary of the CCAP General Assembly, former General Secretary of Nkhoma Synod.
Chimkoka CL 2004.  Personal interview with, former Moderator of Nkhoma Synod.
Church, H  1966.  Personal interview with Free Methodist Superintendent for Southern Africa. Dr. Church made use of TEE for training Free Methodist ministers in Malawi the subject of his PhD dissertation for the University of Malawi. 
Dimmock, N 2004 Personal interview with PC(USA) missionary.
Frima, H 2004.  Personal interview. Physician at Nkhoma Hospital.
Kawale, S  2003.  Personal interview with African Bible College graduate and personal research assistant.
Kawale, W 2004.  Personal interview with General Secretary Nkhoma Synod.
Khombe, M  Personal interview with chairman of the Synod�s missions committee.
Linden, M  2004.  Personal interview.  Physician at Nkhoma Hospital.
Mhango, B  2004.  Personal interview with African Bible College graduate, working as Nkhoma Synod evangelist in Mozambique until August 2004 when he left this field, as his three-year contract as an evangelist with the Synod expired.
Mphonda, J 2004.  Personal interview with PCM elder, and teacher at the College of Health Sciences.
Mwale, AMK 2004.  Personal interview with Pastor of Lingadzi CCAP.
Nkhoma, JL  2004.  Personal interview with Chairman of the Evangelism Committee.
Smit, E 2003.  Personal interview with South African missionary at Nkhoma.
Straatmeyer, Rev. 2002.  Personal interview missionary pastor to Lingadzi CCAP, (Lingadzi is now being served by Rev. Otis Smith).
Upton, Sam  1996.  Personal interview with Southern Baptist missionary.
van Deventer, H 2003.  Personal interview with President of NIFCOTT.

4.  Computer CD Sources
Christian History magazine, issues 1 through 50, on CD - ROM. Logos Library System and Christianity Online.

5.  Internet  Sources
Christian Aid (2004) Christian Aid in Malawi, [online] available from: http://www.christian_aid.org.uk/world/where/safrica/safrica.htm [accessed 20 July 2004].
Congoma (ca. 2004) Congoma Introduction, [online] available from: http://www.sdnp.org.mw/~edsaidi/congoma3/introduction.htm [accessed 5 August 2004].
Dugger, C W (2004) An Exodus of Nurses Puts Infants and the Ill in Peril, [online] available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/12/international/africa/12MALA.html, NEW YORK TIMES July 12, 2004.  [accessed 12 July 2004].
ENI, (1998), Malawi Update Issue 27 September 1998, [online] available from: http://amath.colorado.edu/staff/Malawi/27.htm.  [accessed 29 June 2004].
Feed the Minds (2004) Grant Summary 2004 [online] available from: http://www.feedtheminds.org/grants/spring.php [re-accessed 4 August 2004].
Kamangua YT and JC Kasambara  (2001).  �Effects of Democracy on Teachers and Teacher Education in Malawi.�  March 2001.  Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Comparative and International Education Society, Washington, DC.  USAID Document no.  PN-ACL-065.  [online] available from:  http://www.ieq.org/pdf/EFFECT_Democracy_Teachers_Malawi.pdf. [accessed 20 July 2004]
Lakeland College Malawi Teacher Education Initiative, (2002) Continuing Developments, [online] available from: http://www.lakeland.edu/Malawi/dev.html [re-accessed 4 August 2004].
McAuley, L (2003).  Malawi Reformed World Relief Committee (CRWRC) Partners, [online] available from: http://crwrc.org/teams/esamt/malawi/partners.html.  [accessed 15 July 2004].
McAuley, L (2004), Malawi: Lakeshore Expansion Area Project (LEAP) [online] available from: http://www.foodresourcebank.org/malawi%20Nkhoma.htm [accessed 15 July 2004].
PCUSA 2004.  Nkhoma Hospital, Nkhoma, Malawi, [online] available from: http://www.pcusa.org/health/international/profiles/nkhoma.htm [accessed 14 July 2004]. 
TEE, (2004) What is TEE? [online] available from: http://www.tee.co.za/1tee.html. [accessed 30 June, 2004]. 

6.  Literature
Barth, K  1977. Church dogmatics, vol. IV, part II, Edinburgh: T& T Clark.
Baur, J 1994.  Two thousand years of Christianity in Africa.  Nairobi: Pauline Publications.
Berkhof, L 1949.  Systematic theology.  Grand Rapids:  Eerdmans.
Boff, L 1986.  Ecclesiogenesis: The base communities reinvent the church, Maryknoll, NY: Orbis.
Bone, David S. 2000. Malawi�s Muslims. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Booth, J (a reprint edited by Laura Petty).  1996. Africa for the Africans.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Bradley, J & Muller, R 1995.  Church history.  An introduction to research, reference works & methods. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Brown, JL 2004.  HIV/AIDS Alienation: Between prejudice and acceptance.  DTh dissertation, University of Stellenbosch.
Cairns, E E 1981.  Christianity through the centuries. Grand Rapids: Academie Books.
Carlson, P 1973. Our Presbyterian heritage. Elgin, IL: David C. Cook Publishing Company.
Chimpweya, J. 2004.  �Nkhoma to train women to teach Bible Knowledge�, WEEKEND NATION, 9-10 October.
Chingota F., et al. 1996. Religious education, teachers� guide for standard 5. Domasi, Malawi: Malawi Institute of Education.
Chisale, C B 2002. The Gospel seed. Mtakataka, Malawi: KuNgoni Art Craft Centre.
Coertzen, P 1998.  Church and Order, a Reformed perspective.  Peeters:  Leuven.
Conn, H M. 1973.  Contemporary world theology, a layman�s guide.  Nutley, N.J.:  Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company. 
De Vos, A S (ed) 1998.  Research at grass roots. 3rd ed.  Pretoria:  Van Schaik.
Dowley, T, (ed.) 1995. Introduction to the history of Christianity. Minneapolis:  Fortress Press.
Dulles, A 1987.  Models of the Church. Dublin: Gill & McMillan.
Fiedler, K (ed.) 1998.  Theology cooked in an African pot.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Fiedler, K 1994.  The story of faith missions.  Oxford: Regnum Books.
Gonzalez, J L 1984.  The story of Christianity, vol. 1 and 2. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
Hall, D W & Hall, J H 1994. Paradigms in polity.  Classis readings in Reformed and Presbyterian Church government. Grand Rapids:  Eerdmans.
Hara, H. 1988.  Reformed Soteriology and the Malawian Context.  Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor Divinitatis, University of Pretoria.
Heitink, G 1999.  Practical theology.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Hendriks, H J  2002.  Doing missional theology in an African context. in Hendriks, H J  et al, (eds.), Reformed Encounters with Modernity, 74-83.  Stellenbosch:  Print24.com.
Hendriks, H J 2004 Studying congregations in Africa. Wellington, South Africa: Lux Verbi.BM.
Hildebrandt, J 1990. History of the church in Africa. Achimota, Ghana: Africa Christian Press.
Hofmeyr, J W & Pillay, G J  1991. Perspective on church history. HAUM Tertiary.
Hofmeyr, J W & Pillay, G J 1994. A history of Christianity in South Africa. Vol. 1, HAUM Tertiary.
Isichei, E 1995. A history of Christianity in Africa. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Joda-Mbewe, O  L  2001.  The Challenges that Face Reformed Christianity in Malawian Cities, in Hendriks, H J, et al, (eds), Reformed Encounters with Modernity, 24-31.  Stellenbosch:  Print24.com.
Joda-Mbewe, OL 2002.  Urban poverty as a challenge for ministry within the Malawian context.  DTh dissertation, University of Stellenbosch.
Johnstone, P 1993.  Operation world.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan.
Kalilombe, P A 1999.  Doing theology at the grassroots: Theological essays from Malawi.  Gweru: Mambo Press.
Kam�nkhwani, H A 1981.  A Brief History of Mvera Congregation. Thesis presented for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity at the University of the North.
Kam�nkhwani, H A 1990.  An Evaluation of the Histiography of Nkhoma Synod, Church of Central Africa Presbyterian. Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Theology at the University of Stellenbosch.
Kamwana, J 1998.  The Spirituality of Rev. J.S. Mwale, Minister of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian Nkhoma Synod.  Dissertation presented for the degree of doctor of theology at the University of Stellenbosch.
Kawale, WR 1990.  �Nkhoma Synod, hundred years of education (A Historical Perspective)�, Published for the Education Centenary Celebrations held At Mvera Mission 20-21 October 1990.  Published at Nkhoma by Nkhoma Press.
Kawale, WR, 1998 �A brief history of Mlanda Girls� Secondary School,� Published at Nkhoma by Nkhoma Synod Press. 
King, M & E 1992.  The story of medicine and disease in Malawi. Blantyre: Montfort.
Labuschagne, A S 2002. The missionary.  Bloemfontein: Published by the Author.
Labuschagne, A S 2003.  Messengers of Christ. Fichardtpark: Published by the Author.
Langworthy, H 1996.  The Life of Joseph Booth. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Leith, J H. 1981.  Introduction to the Reformed tradition. Atlanta: John Knox Press.
Lwanda, J L 1993.  Kamuzu Banda of Malawi (Malawi under Dr. Banda 1961 to 1993).  Glasgow: Dudu Nsomba Publications.
McBeth, H L 1987.  The Baptist Heritage: Four Centuries of Baptist Witness.  Nashville, TN: Broadman.
McCracken, J 1977.  Politics and Christianity in Malawi. Cambridge: University Press.
McGrath, A  1993.  Reformation thought, an introduction.  (2nd ed.) Oxford & Cambridge: Blackwell. 
McGrath, A. 1994. Spirituality in an age of change.  Rediscovering the spirit of the Reformers. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.
McIntire, C T & Wells, R A (eds.) History and historical understanding. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
Mijoga, H 2002.  The Reformed community in Malawi:  Legalism in the Nkhoma Synod, in Hendriks, H J  et al, (eds.), Reformed Encounters with Modernity, 32-41.  Stellenbosch:  Print24.com.
Msiska, S K 1997. Golden buttons: Christianity and traditional religion among the Tumbuka.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Mutumburanzou, AR 1995.  Indigenization in the Reformed Church in Zimbabwe 1975 to 1994.  Thesis presented for the degree of master of theology at the University of Stellenbosch.
Ncozana, S S 1996. Sangaya: A leader of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Ngewa, S, et. al. 1998 Issues in African Christian theology. Nairobi: East African Educational Press.
O�Donovan, Wilbur.  1996. Biblical Christianity in African perspective. Carlisle, UK: Paternoster Press.
Pachai, B 1973.  Malawi: The history of the nation.  London:  Longman Group Ltd.
Pauw, C M 1980. Mission and Church in Malawi.  The history of the Nkhoma Synod of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian 1889 - 1962. Lusaka: BPM.  DTh dissertation, University of Stellenbosch.
Phiri, I A 1997. Women, Presbyterianism and patriarchy: Religious experience of Chewa women in central Malawi. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Reijnaerts, H N & Schoffeleers, M  1997 Montfortians in Malawi: Their spirituality and pastoral approach.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Rice, H L 1991.  Reformed spirituality, an introduction for believers. Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox.
Richburg, K B 1997. Out of America.  New York: BasicBooks.
Roberts, F C 1981. To all generations. Grand Rapids: Bible Way.
Ross, A C 1996. Blantyre Mission and the Making of Modern Malawi.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Ross, K and Nzunda, M S. (eds.) 1995.  Church, law and political transition in Malawi 1992 - 94. Gweru: Mambo Press. 
Ross, K and Phiri, K M., (eds.) 1998. Democratization in Malawi:  A stocktaking. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Ross, K R 1993.  Presbyterian theology and participatory democracy. Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press.
Ross, K R 1995.  Church, university and theological education in Malawi. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Ross, K R 1995.  Gospel ferment in Malawi: Theological essays.  Gweru: Mambo Press.
Ross, K R 1996.  God, people and power in Malawi. Gweru: Mambo Press.
Ross, K R, (ed.) 1996.  Christianity in Malawi. Gweru: Mambo Press.
Schoffeleers, M 1985.  Pentecostalism and neo-traditionalism: The religious polarization of a rural district in southern Malawi.  Amsterdam, Netherlands: Free University Press.
Schoffeleers, M 1985.  Rock art and Nyau. Limbe: Malawi Dept. of Antiquities.
Schoffeleers, M 1997.  Religion and the dramatization of life: Spirit beliefs and rituals in southern and central Malawi.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Schoffeleers, M 1999.  In search of truth and justice.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Shaw, M R 1996.  The Kingdom of God in Africa. A short history of Christianity. Grand Rapids:  Baker Books.
Shire, J W 1988.  The universe next door. Downer�s Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press.
Smith, G W 1971.  Malawi past and present: Selected papers from the University of Malawi History Conference, 1967.  Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Tindall, P E N 1985.  History of Central Africa. Blantyre: Dzuka Publishing Company.
Van Breugel, J W M 2001.  Chewa traditional religion. Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM.
Wallbank, T W, et. al. 1996.  Civilization past and present. (Eighth ed.) New York: Harper Collins.
Warner, T M, 1991.  Spiritual warfare, Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.
Weller, P & Linden, J 1984.  Mainstream Christianity to 1980 in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Gweru: Mambo Press.
White, L 1987.  Magomero: Portrait of an African village.  Cambridge: Cambridge University.

7.  Journals
Chakanza, J C 1987.  Some Chewa concepts of God. Religion in Malawi 1, (1): 4-8
Chakanza, JC 1983.  An annotated list of independent churches in Malawi 1900-1981.  University of Malawi, Sources for the Study of Religion in Malawi No. 10
Chidester, D 1989.  Worldview analysis of African indigenous churches. Journal for the Study of Religion 2, 15-29
Davidson, A 1987.  Teaching church history in a cross-cultural context. The Australian and New Zealand Theological Review, (19): 41-47
Forster, P G  1998.  Religion, magic, witchcraft, and AIDS in Malawi.  Anthropos:  International Review of Ethnology and Linguistic 93 (4-6): 537-545
Kalilombe, P A 2002. A call to self-reliance of the Church in Africa. African Ecclesiastical Review 44, (1&2): 2-17
MAP International 1996.  Choosing Hope, The Christian Response to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic.  Curriculum Modules for Theological and Pastoral Training Institutions, MAP: Nairobi.
Nicholson, R 1994.  AIDS:  The ethical issues, Missionalia Magazine.  22 (3), 227-244
Otijele, P Y 1991. Understanding the African worldview: A religious perspective.  Ogbomoso Journal of Theology 6, 1-16
Pauw, C M  1974.  The Holiness of the church in Africa in future perspective. Missionalia, 3, (2): 134-145
Pauw, C M,  & Kitshoff M, (eds.) 1996.  African Independent Churches in Malawi.  African Independent Churches Today, Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Pr.:  19 � 35
Phiri, I  1996. African traditional women and ecofeminism: The role of women at Chisumphi Cult in preserving the environment, Religion in Malawi, 6: 15
Schoffeleers, M 1969.  Social functional aspects of spirit possession in the lower Shire Valley of Malawi. AFR. 1151, (v. 6): 51 - 61
Schoffeleers, M 1991. Hallencreutz, C F & Palmburg, M (eds.), Healing and political acquiescence in African Independent Churches. Religion and Politics in Southern Africa,: 89-108
Schoffeleers, M 1991. Ritual healing and political acquiescence: The case of the Zionist Churches in Southern Africa.�  Africa/ International Africa Institute; 1, (61): 1 - 25
Schoffeleers, M 1991.  Twins and unilateral figures in central and southern Africa: Symmetry and asymmetry in the symbolization of the sacred.  Journal of Religion in Africa; 4, (21): 345 - 372
Sindima, H 1989.  Community of life [Western corruption of African worldview], Ecumenical Review 41: 537-551
Wainwright, G. 2000.  Christianity in (South) Africa: Ecumenical challenges in the 21st Century, NGTT, Deel, 1&2 (41)
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